scholarly journals Efficiency of Treatment Plant and Drinking Water Quality Assessment from Source to Household, Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Belay Desye ◽  
Biniam Belete ◽  
Zinabu Asfaw Gebrezgi ◽  
Tsegaye Terefe Reda
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Residual Chlorine

Introduction. Access to safe drinking water is essential to health, and it is a basic human right. However, drinking water treatment plant efficiency and its water quality are not well investigated in low-income countries including Ethiopia. Methods. A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 75 water samples. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 22 to generate descriptive statistics, and one-way ANOVA was used to test statistically significant difference. Results. Physicochemical qualities of the water samples from tap water sources were found to be pH (6.88 ± 0.05), turbidity (5.15 ± 0.006 NTU), electrical conductivity (170.6 ± 0.1 μS/cm), residual chlorine (0.19 ± 0.003 mg/L), and fluoride (1.17 ± 0.009 mg/L). The removal efficiency of turbidity, total hardness, and nitrate was found to be 94.4%, 52.3%, and 88.7%, respectively. Removal efficiency of the treatment plant for total coliforms up to 91.6% (15 ± 0.26 CFU/100 mL in tap water) and faecal coliforms up to 99% (1.51 ± 0.03 CFU/100 mL in tap water) was recorded. Parameters of pH, temperature, and faecal coliform were statistically significant different at p < 0.05 in tap water source. The overall efficiency of the treatment plant (68.5%) and the water quality index (76) were recorded. Conclusion. Based on the results, some of the investigated parameters of water quality (turbidity, residual chlorine, total coliform, and faecal coliform) were found to be not within the permissible limits of WHO guideline values for drinking water quality. The water quality index of the water samples was categorized under good water quality. To adequately treat drinking water and improve the treatment plant, adequate preliminary treatments like screening to reduce the incoming organic loading, proper chlorination of the drinking water system, and frequent monitoring and maintenance of the treatment plant system are required.

scholarly journals Variation of Water Quality of Four Micro Watersheds Outlets in Upstream of Mahaweli River during Maha Cropping Season

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Abeysingha ◽  
M.I. Madusanka ◽  
B. Rotawewa ◽  
N. Gunasena
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
World Health

Non-point source, agriculture based pollutants have been identified as one of the main cause for water pollution in Sri Lanka. Naranhinna, Pambadeniya Kappeti-Ela, and Rajamale micro watersheds located in the Kandy district have been identified by the project on Rehabilitation of degraded agricultural lands in the Central Highlands implemented by Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) to rehabilitate through watershed management plan. This study assessed the baseline water quality status of these micro watersheds by obtaining water samples at the outlet of each watersheds during the Maha cropping seasons 2018/2019. Three replicates water samples from each outlets were collected six times and analysed for EC , pH, TDS, CO32-, HCO3-, NO3-, NH4+, available P, total K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, As, Cd, Cr, Mn, and Pb using standard methods. Most of the tested drinking water quality parameters in all four micro watersheds were within the permissible limits of World Health Organisation (WHO) standard except Fe and NH4+. Observed Fe contents exceeded the WHO limits (0.3 mg/L) of all watersheds and was in the range of 1.2-1.5 mg/L. Concentration of NH4+ at Kappeti Ela, Rajamale, and Pambadeniya was in the range of 0.5 to 0.7 mg/L which exceeded the WHO standard (0.5 mg/L). Using the tested parameters, study calculated drinking water quality index (DWQI) and also irrigation water quality index (IWQI) for all investigated micro watersheds for each of the sampling date. According to the guideline, mean DWQI (19 to 48.1) graded the water of all micro watersheds as excellent while IWQI (8.7-9.2) characterised them as excellent for any crops during the study period.

Assessment of water quality in groundwater resources of Iran using a modified drinking water quality index (DWQI)

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Mohebbi ◽  
Reza Saeedi ◽  
Ahmad Montazeri ◽  
Kooshiar Azam Vaghefi ◽  
Sharareh Labbafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Drinking Water Quality

scholarly journals Protocol for the estimation of drinking water quality index (DWQI) in water resources: Artificial neural network (ANFIS) and Arc-Gis

MethodsX ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1021-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid RadFard ◽  
Mozhgan Seif ◽  
Amir Hossein Ghazizadeh Hashemi ◽  
Ahmad Zarei ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Saghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Arc Gis ◽  
Artificial Neural

scholarly journals Icp-Ms Determination of Trace Metals in Drinking Water Sources in Jazan Area, Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 06-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Albratty ◽  
Ismail Arbab ◽  
Hassan Alhazmi ◽  
Ibraheem Attafi ◽  
Abdul Al-Rajab
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bottled Drinking Water ◽  
Icp Ms

Requisite reference facts about essential elements in treated and plastic bottled drinking water is usually mentioned on the products. However, more information is sometime crucial regarding trace elements in treated, bottled and other sources of drinking water such as tap water to evaluate their quality. This study is aimed to evaluate drinking water quality in the main governorates (Jazan, Sabya and Abu Arish) of Jazan province located in the South-Western region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This is the first such study carried out in Jazan city so that the research team can come out with valuable recommendations in the issue. The research team has collected a sum of 68 water samples from different sources comprising hospitals (treated tap water), stations for drinking water treatment (large blue bottles of drinking water) and bottled drinking water (purchased from local markets). Using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), the concentrations of 20 elements were determined. The physiochemical parameters of water samples were measured. All parameters were within the recommended limits of the World Health Organization (WHO, 2011) and Gulf Cooperation Council Standardization Organization (GSO, 2008). Trace and major elements were found to be below the standard guideline values , except for uranium in some tap water samples. This preliminary study will significantly improve the awareness and knowledge among the society about the drinking water quality in Jazan area.

scholarly journals Reduction of trihalomethane formation and detoxification of microcystins in tap water by ozonation

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orapin Thapsingkaew ◽  
Vilailuck Kijjanapanich ◽  
Werawan Ruangyuttikarn
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Guideline Value ◽  
Phosphatase 2A ◽  
The Mean

The efficiency of ozonation in comparison to chlorination for removal of microcystins and production of trihalomethanes (THMs) in water was investigated. One hundred and ninety water samples of ozone and chlorine treated water were collected at a water treatment plant between August 2004 and March 2005. The level of THMs, total organic carbon and residual chlorine were determined. Protein phosphatase 2A inhibition assay was used to detect microcystins and the presence of microcystins was confirmed by HPLC. The results show that 91.5% of the THM species in treated water was chloroform and 8.5% was bromodichloromethane. The mean THM level± standard error of mean in chlorinated water (CW) (45.1±3.0 μg/L) was higher than the mean of THM level in ozonated water (OW) (18.6±2.2 μg/L). In addition, no OW sample exceeded the first stage U.S. EPA maximum THM contaminant level for drinking water (80 μg/L) and only 8% of these samples exceeded the second stage level (40 μg/L). On the other hand, 3% of CW samples exceeded 80 μg/L and 68% exceeded the 40 μg/L level. The microcystin level in all water samples was below the WHO guideline value (1 μg/L) for drinking water.

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