scholarly journals Effect of Culture Media and Plant Growth Regulators on Shoot Proliferation and Rooting of Internode Explants from Moroccan Native Almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Souhayla Kodad ◽  
Reda Melhaoui ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
Mohamed Addi ◽  
Nargis Sahib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Proliferation ◽  
Eastern Morocco

In this study, several methods have been used to facilitate shoot formation from nodal explants of local almond ecotypes known as “Beldi” grown in Eastern Morocco. Nodal segments of divers old local genotypes were cultured on various concentrations of auxin (indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)) and cytokinins (6-benzyl-aminopurine (BAP), thidiazuron (TDZ), and kinetin (KIN)) added to two different media (Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Heller medium). The results showed that TDZ was more effective than the other tested hormones for in vitro proliferation of the “Beldi” ecotype. TDZ at the concentration of 1 mg/L significantly improved the nodal shoot proliferation rate, with the highest percentage (63.6% ± 0.63) and number of regenerated shoots (13 ± 0.54) recorded for S1 genotype inoculated on MS medium, while the most significant rooting rate (60.41% ± 0.81) of proliferated shoots and number of roots per shoot (7.3 ± 1.36) were achieved for S2 genotype on 1 mg/L of IBA incorporated to a half-strength MS medium. With 80% of plantlets survival, the rooted shoots were successfully adapted to the in vivo conditions and were grown vigorously in the greenhouse without any morphological abnormalities.

scholarly journals Improved micropropagation and foliar micromorphological studies in Turnera ulmifolia L. – An important medicinal plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mani Manokari ◽  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Turnera Ulmifolia ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Abstract The present study reports an efficient in vitro propagation system for Turnera ulmifolia using nodal segments as explants. Turnera ulmifolia (Passifloraceae) is an important garden plant with multipotent medicinal values. Effective shoot proliferation was achieved on agar gelled MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962). The maximum number of shoots (8.3 ± 0.57) per initial explant was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 8.88 mM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.54 mM of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The highest number of shoots (59.5 ± 2.10) proliferated on semi-solid MS medium (with agar) augmented with 2.22 mM of BAP and 2.32 mM of kinetin (Kin) along with 0.54 mM of NAA. Longer (4-5 cm) and healthy shoots were rooted (12.0 ± 0.10 roots per shoot) on half-strength MS medium fortified with 9.84 mM of indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The in vitro regenerated plantlets were hardened in the greenhouse and transferred to the field. Significant developmental changes were observed in the foliar micromorphology of in vitro raised plantlets when these were transferred to the field. The stomatal index was gradually reduced (26.72 to 21.25) in the leaves from in vitro to field environments. But, vein-islets and veinlet terminations (13.4 and 7.6) were increased (39.7 and 18.4) respectively from in vitro to in vivo grown plants. Simple, unicellular, less frequent and underdeveloped trichomes were observed with the leaves of in vitro plants but fully developed trichomes recorded in the field transferred plants. The study could help in understanding the response and adaptation of tissue culture raised plantlets towards changed environmental conditions.

scholarly journals In vitro multiplication of Tabernaemontana fuchsiaefolia L. (Apocynaceae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arildo José Braz de Oliveira ◽  
Vanda Marilza de Carvalho ◽  
Alexandre Ferreira ◽  
Fernando Y. Sato ◽  
Maria de Fátima Pires da Silva Machado
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Short Pulses ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Synthetic Drugs

This study describes a simple and promising for in vitro multiplication of Tabernaemontana fuchsiaefolia, a species abundantly found in southern Brazil utilized for medicinal purposes and as a source of compounds that may be used to develop new synthetic drugs. Apical and hypocotyl explants were cultured in MS medium containing different concentrations of the cytokinins benzylaminopurine (BA) and 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin), supplemented with phloroglucinol (1, 3, 5-hydroxybenzene) to stimulate growth and shoot proliferation. Cytokinin added to the culture media positively influenced the micropropagation of T. fuchsiaefolia.and kinetin induced more shoots per explant than BA cytokinin. A favorable effect of phloroglucinol on apical and lateral buds from hypocotyls was also achieved in medium containing no kinetin or in all kinetin concentrations tested. Short pulses of auxin 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA) 5.0 mg/l resulted in satisfactory rooting in apical microcuttings. The addition of phloroglucinol to MS medium induced rhizogenesis in 29% of the nodal segments transferred to MS medium in the absence of IBA and in 50% of the nodal segments transferred to MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l IBA and in nodal segments previously submitted to short pulses of IBA.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of HS314 Rootstock (Prunus amygdalus × P. persica)

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 928-931
Author(s):  
Jalil Dejampour ◽  
Islam Majidi ◽  
Solmaz Khosravi ◽  
Sevil Farhadi ◽  
Atena Shadmehr
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Prunus Amygdalus ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Half Strength

A micropropagation protocol was developed for the HS314 rootstock, a hybrid between almond and peach that could be used as an alternative rootstock instead of GF677. Surface-sterilized nodal segments were cultured in a modified DKW medium containing 3% sucrose, 100 mg·L−1 of Phloroglucinol, 0.7% plant agar, and 0.5 mg·L−1 benzyl amino purine (BAP). Explants were transferred to the same culture media supplemented with 0.5, 1, or 2 mg·L−1 BAP and 0, 0.1, or 0.5 mg·L−1 indole butyric acid (IBA) for further shoot proliferation. The maximum number of shoots produced on a medium containing 2 mg·L−1 BAP. Microshoots were transferred to the DKW medium supplemented with 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 mg·L−1 IBA or naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for root induction. The highest root number and the greatest root length were gained on a medium containing 2 mg·L−1 IBA. Rooting percentage was improved from 66% to more than 85% by reducing the concentration of DKW salts to half strength. Finally, rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized and transferred in vivo conditions.

scholarly journals In vitro multiplication, micromorphological studies and ex vitro rooting of Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell. – a rare medicinal plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat ◽  
M. Manokari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Hybanthus Enneaspermus ◽  
Half Strength

AbstractHybanthus enneaspermusis a rare medicinal plant. We defined a protocol for micropropagation,ex vitrorooting of cloned shoots and their acclimatization. Surface-sterilized nodal segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (Kin). Medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L−1BAP was found optimum for shoot induction from the explants and 6.4±0.69 shoots were regenerated from each node with 97% response. Shoots were further proliferated maximally (228±10.3 shoots per culture bottle with 7.5±0.43 cm length) on MS medium augmented with 1.0 mg L−1each of BAP and Kin within 4–5 weeks. The shoots were rootedin vitroon half strength MS medium containing 2.0 mg L−1indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The cloned shoots were pulse-treated with 300 mg L–1 of IBA and cultured on soilrite® in a greenhouse. About 96% of the IBA-pulsed shoots rootedex vitroin soilrite®, each shoot producing 12.5±0.54 roots with 5.1±0.62 cm length. Theex vitrorooted plantlets showed a better rate of survival (92%) in a field study thanin vitrorooted plantlets (86%). A comparative foliar micromorphological study ofH. enneaspermuswas conducted to understand the micromorphological changes during plant developmental processes fromin vitrotoin vivoconditions in terms of variations in stomata, vein structures and spacing, and trichomes. This is the first report onex vitrorooting inH. enneaspermusand the protocol can be exploited for conservation and large-scale propagation of this rare and medicinally important plant.

scholarly journals Adjustment of Mineral Elements in the Culture Medium for the Micropropagation of Three Vriesea Bromeliads from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: The Importance of Calcium

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Noemí Aranda-Peres ◽  
Lázaro Eustáquio Pereira Peres ◽  
Edson Namita Higashi ◽  
Adriana Pinheiro Martinelli
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Media Formulation ◽  
Half Strength

Many different species of Bromeliaceae are endangered and their conservation requires specific knowledge of their growth habits and propagation. In vitro culture of bromeliads is an important method for efficient clonal propagation and in vitro seed germination can be used to maintain genetic variability. The present work aims to evaluate the in vitro growth and nutrient concentration in leaves of the epiphyte bromeliads Vriesea friburguensis Mez, Vriesea hieroglyphica (Carrière) E. Morren, and Vriesea unilateralis Mez, which exhibit slow rates of growth in vivo and in vitro. Initially, we compared the endogenous mineral composition of bromeliad plantlets grown in half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and the mineral composition considered adequate in the literature. This approach suggested that calcium (Ca) is a critical nutrient and this was considered for new media formulation. Three new culture media were defined in which the main changes to half-strength MS medium were an increase in Ca, magnesium, sulfur, copper, and chloride and a decrease in iron, maintaining the nitrate:ammonium rate at ≈2:1. The main difference among the three new media formulated was Ca concentration, which varied from 1.5 mm in half-strength MS to 3.0, 6.0, and 12 mm in M2, M3, and M4 media, respectively. Consistently, all three species exhibited significantly higher fresh and dry weight on M4, the newly defined medium with the highest level of Ca (12 mm). Leaf nitrogen, potassium, zinc, magnesium, and boron concentrations increased as Ca concentration in the medium increased from 1.5 to 12 mm.

scholarly journals Foliar Application of Boron to Almond Trees Affects Pollen Quality

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.S. Nyomora ◽  
P.H. Brown ◽  
K. Pinney ◽  
V.S. Polito
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Mature Trees

The effect of boron (B) on in vivo and in vitro development of almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb (syn. P. amygdalus Batsch)] pollen and pollen tubes and the resultant effect on fruit set was studied in mature trees. The cultivars Mono (pistil donor) and Butte (pollinizer) in an orchard with low soil B in Fresno, California were sprayed with B at 0, 0.8, 1.7, or 2.5 kg·ha-1 during Fall 1993. Pollen viability as indicated by the fluorescein diacetate method (FDA) was >85% and was not affected by field-applied B, however, in vivo pollen germination and tube growth were enhanced by foliar-applied B. More effect of applied B on in vivo growth appeared as pollen tubes progressed toward the ovary. For in vitro germination, foliar-applied B reduced bursting of tubes, and addition of B to the culture media significantly increased pollen germination and pollen tube growth.

scholarly journals Influence of the Genotype and TDZ on the in Vitro Regeneration of Hybrid Grapes

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 877B-877
Author(s):  
Maritza I. Tapia ◽  
Paul E Read
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Grape Cultivars

It has been previously demonstrated that thidiazuron (TDZ) enhanced the regeneration and multiple shoot proliferation of vinifera grape cultivars. To determine the effect of TDZ on the multiplication of hybrid grapes, in vitro nodal segments from cultivars Chancellor, Leon Millot, and Valiant were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg TDZ/liter. After 1 month, the higher percentage of rooted shoots was obtained from the explants cultured in medium containing the lowest concentration of TDZ (0.01 mg–liter–1) independent of the genotype. Multiple shoot proliferation was favored by high concentrations of TDZ (0.5 and 1.0 mg–liter–1). An average of 0.39 and 0.39 shoots, respectively, was obtained from `Chancellor' cultures, 0.56 and 0.59 from `Leon Millot', and 1.93 and 2.38 from `Valiant'. Vitrification and teratological structures were observed in all the cultures of the three genotypes, but less vitrification occurred in `Valiant' plantlets.

scholarly journals ARTIFICIAL SEED PRODUCTION IN POINTED GOURD (TRICHOSANTHES DIOICA ROXB.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
M. A. Malek ◽  
M. O. Islam ◽  
M. A. Bari Miah
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Plantlet Formation ◽  
Artificial Seed ◽  
Pointed Gourd ◽  
Subsequent Regeneration

Encapsulation of nodal segments was successfully developed for pointed gourd towards the formation of artificial seed with sodium alginate. Encapsulated nodal segments (artificial seed) were cultured in MS basal medium containing different concentrations and combinations of BAP and NAA to induce germination and shoot proliferation. Highest (95%) shoot formation was obtained in MS + 1.0 mg/l BAP followed by MS + 0.5 mg/l BAP. The encapsulated nodal segments also regenerated in vitro on different substrates. Frequency of plantlet formation was low on these substrates compared to plantlet development on MS media. Among these substrates, the percentage of plantlet formation was better on moist cotton (42%) followed by filter paper (35%). The hardened plants were transferred successfully to soil in the earthen pots. The protocol for encapsulating the nodal segments for the production of artificial seeds and their subsequent regeneration is a new area of research to develop in vitro conservation strategies for pointed gourd.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v21i1.17044

scholarly journals Establishment of in vitro regeneration protocol for Adhatoda vasica Nees

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khan ◽  
S Akter ◽  
A Habib ◽  
TA Banu ◽  
M Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Adhatoda Vasica

An in vitro regeneration protocol of Adhatoda vasica has been developed using excised nodal segments and juvenile leaves for multiple shoots regeneration directly or through callus induction. Explants were cultured on MS medium with different concentrations of IAA, NAA, BAP, GA3 and Kn singly or in combinations. MS medium supplemented with BAP (10.0 mg/l) was found best for multiple shoot formation, in which 93.33% explants produced multiple shoots. After two months, maximum number of multiple shoots were 10.6 ± 1.82, highest length of plantlets was 5.2 ± 2.20 cm. 100% calli formation were observed on MS medium supplemented with IAA (0.05 mg/l) + NAA (0.05 mg/l) + BAP (1.0 mg/l). Callus initiation started after 14 days and gave light green colored callus. Best callus mediated shoot regeneration was found on MS+10.0 mg/l BAP medium. Root induction of in vitro raised shoots was best on ½ MS + IBA (1.0 mg/l). Well rooted plantlets were transferred to plastic pots containing garden soil and compost in a ratio of 2:1 for hardening. The ultimate survival rate under natural condition was about 80%.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(1), 75-80, 2016

scholarly journals Propagation of Sedum spectabile Boreau in Leaf Culture in Vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuiqin YANG ◽  
Yaoguo QIN ◽  
Xin SUN ◽  
Shu YUAN ◽  
Honghui LIN
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Stem Segments

An efficient protocol was established for Sedum spectabile Boreau propagation. Various leaf parts were used as explants to regenerate plantlets, the stem segments of which were cultured for shoot proliferation and plantlet multiplication. The results showed that the leaf base was the optimal explant, as compared to both the middle and the top of leaves, for shoot formation. The highest shoot induction of 88.9% was observed on MS medium supplemented with 0.6 mg/l TDZ and 0.1 mg/l NAA. Hyperhydric leaves obtained in primary culture developed first into abnormal somatic embryos 10 days after subculture, and then into hyperhydric plantlets after an additional 10 days. The hyperhydric plantlets reversed to normal plantlets when plant growth regulators were removed from culture medium. Further, stem segments from reversed plantlets were used for shoot regeneration and root induction. Optimal shoot regeneration was obtained in MS medium containing 0.6 mg/l TDZ with 0.1 mg/l NAA. Root induction and root mean number were all higher on auxin-free medium than on medium containing auxins.

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