scholarly journals Integration of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Application in Hydroxyapatite-Based Scaffolds in the Treatment of Vertebral Bone Defect due to Spondylitis Tuberculosis: A Translational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jabir Rahyussalim ◽  
Ahmad Nugroho ◽  
Muhammad Luqman Labib Zufar ◽  
Irfan Fathurrahman ◽  
Tri Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Anterior Fusion ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Vertebral Bone

Background. Vertebral bone defect represents one of the most commonly found skeletal problems in the spine. Progressive increase of vertebral involvement of skeletal tuberculosis (TB) is reported as the main cause, especially in developed countries. Conventional spinal fusion using bone graft has been associated with donor-site morbidity and complications. We reported the utilization of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) combined with hydroxyapatite (HA) based scaffolds in treating vertebral bone defect due to spondylitis tuberculosis. Materials and Methods. Three patients with tuberculous spondylitis in the thoracic, thoracolumbar, or lumbar region with vertebral body collapse of more than 50 percent were included. The patient underwent a 2-stage surgical procedure, consisting of debridement, decompression, and posterior stabilization in the first stage followed by anterior fusion using the lumbotomy approach at the second stage. Twenty million UC-MSCs combined with HA granules in 2 cc of saline were transplanted to fill the vertebral bone defect. Postoperative alkaline phosphatase level, quality of life, and radiological healing were evaluated at one-month, three-month, and six-month follow-up. Results. The initial mean ALP level at one-month follow-up was 48.33 ± 8.50   U / L . This value increased at the three-month follow-up but decreased at the six-month follow-up time, 97 ± 8.19   U / L and 90.33 ± 4.16   U / L , respectively. Bone formation of 50-75% of the defect site with minimal fracture line was found. Increased bone formation comprising 75-100% of the total bone area was reported six months postoperation. A total score of the SF-36 questionnaire showed better progression in all 8 domains during the follow-up with the mean total score at six months of 2912.5 ± 116.67 from all patients. Conclusion. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells combined with hydroxyapatite-based scaffold utilization represent a prospective alternative therapy for bone formation and regeneration of vertebral bone defect due to spondylitis tuberculosis. Further clinical investigations are needed to evaluate this new alternative.

Cell-Based Regenerative Endodontics for Treatment of Periapical Lesions: A Randomized, Controlled Phase I/II Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Brizuela ◽  
G. Meza ◽  
D. Urrejola ◽  
M.A. Quezada ◽  
G. Concha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Randomized Controlled

A randomized controlled phase I/II clinical trial was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of encapsulated human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in a plasma-derived biomaterial for regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) in mature permanent teeth with apical lesions. The trial included 36 patients with mature incisors, canines, or mandibular premolars showing pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis. Patients were randomly and equally allocated between experimental (REP) or conventional root canal treatment (ENDO) groups. On the first visit, cavity access and mechanical preparation of the root canal were performed. Calcium hydroxide medication was used, and the cavity was sealed. Three weeks later, patients were treated following their assigned protocol of ENDO or REP. Clinical follow-up examinations were performed at 6 and 12 mo. Categorical variables were evaluated by Fisher’s exact test. Quantitative variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. The evolution over time of the percentage of perfusion units and the dimensions of lesion and cortical compromise were explored. After the 12-mo follow-up, no adverse events were reported, and the patients showed 100% clinical efficacy in both groups. Interestingly, in the REP group, the perfusion unit percentage measured by laser Doppler flowmetry revealed an increase from 60.6% to 78.1% between baseline and 12-mo follow-up. Sensitivity tests revealed an increase of the positive pulp response in the REP group at 12-mo follow-up (from 6% to 56% on the cold test, from 0% to 28% on the hot test, and from 17% to 50% on the electrical test). We present the first clinical safety and efficacy evidence of the endodontic use of allogenic umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in a plasma-derived biomaterial. The innovative approach, based on biological principles that promote dentin-pulp regeneration, presents a promising alternative for the treatment of periapical pathology (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03102879).

scholarly journals Clinical follow-up of horses treated with allogeneic equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord blood for different tendon and ligament disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vic J.F. Van Loon ◽  
Carmen J.W. Scheffer ◽  
Herman J. Genn ◽  
Arie C. Hoogendoorn ◽  
Jan W. Greve
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood

scholarly journals Implantation of allogenic umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells improves knee osteoarthritis outcomes: Two-year follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Seob Song ◽  
Ki-Taek Hong ◽  
Na-Min Kim ◽  
Jae-Yub Jung ◽  
Han-Soo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood

scholarly journals Bone Defect Repair Using a Bone Substitute Supported by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from the Umbilical Cord

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Kosinski ◽  
Anna Figiel-Dabrowska ◽  
Wioletta Lech ◽  
Lukasz Wieprzowski ◽  
Ryszard Strzalkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bone Transplantation ◽  
Congenital Defects

Objective. Bone defects or atrophy may arise as a consequence of injury, inflammation of various etiologies, and neoplastic or traumatic processes or as a result of surgical procedures. Sometimes the regeneration process of bone loss is impaired, significantly slowed down, or does not occur, e.g., in congenital defects. For the bone defect reconstruction, a piece of the removed bone from ala of ilium or bone transplantation from a decedent is used. Replacement of the autologous or allogenic source of the bone-by-bone substitute could reduce the number of surgeries and time in the pharmacological coma during the reconstruction of the bone defect. Application of mesenchymal stem cells in the reconstruction surgery may have positive influence on tissue regeneration by secretion of angiogenic factors, recruitment of other MSCs, or differentiation into osteoblasts. Materials and Methods. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from the umbilical cord (Wharton’s jelly (WJ-MSC)) were cultured in GMP-grade DMEM low glucose supplemented with heparin, 10% platelet lysate, glucose, and antibiotics. In vitro WJ-MSCs were seeded on the bone substitute Bio-Oss Collagen® and cultured in the StemPro® Osteogenesis Differentiation Kit. During the culture on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 21st day (day in vitro (DIV)), we analyzed viability (confocal microscopy) and adhesion capability (electron microscopy) of WJ-MSC on Bio-Oss scaffolds, gene expression (qPCR), and secretion of proteins (Luminex). In vivo Bio-Oss® scaffolds with WJ-MSC were transplanted to trepanation holes in the cranium to obtain their overgrowth. The computed tomography was performed 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery to assess the regeneration. Results. The Bio-Oss® scaffold provides a favourable environment for WJ-MSC survival. WJ-MSCs in osteodifferentiation medium are able to attach and proliferate on Bio-Oss® scaffolds. Results obtained from qPCR and Luminex® indicate that WJ-MSCs possess the ability to differentiate into osteoblast-like cells and may induce osteoclastogenesis, angiogenesis, and mobilization of host MSCs. In animal studies, WJ-MSCs seeded on Bio-Oss® increased the scaffold integration with host bone and changed their morphology to osteoblast-like cells. Conclusions. The presented construct consisted of Bio-Oss®, the scaffold with high flexibility and plasticity, approved for clinical use with seeded immunologically privileged WJ-MSC which may be considered reconstructive therapy in bone defects.

scholarly journals Comparison of Platelet-Rich Plasma and VEGF-Transfected Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Vascularization and Bone Formation in a Critical-Size Bone Defect

2012 ◽  
Vol 196 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kasten ◽  
M. Beverungen ◽  
H. Lorenz ◽  
J. Wieland ◽  
M. Fehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma
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