scholarly journals A Survey of Clinical Evidence Evaluation Systems for Traditional Chinese Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Hongyong Deng
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Evidence Evaluation

Objectives. We investigated the cognition and application of the “Evaluation System of Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Evidence” among populations with disparate backgrounds. Methods. We performed an online survey using a self-designed questionnaire. Results. Of 307 returned questionnaires, 284 were noted to be valid, and the effective recovery rate was 92.5%. Our analyses showed that the respondents demonstrated a better understanding of clinical evidence-based evaluation systems and that they used these occasionally. For both the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) and the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) evidence evaluation systems, the respondents generally showed poor overall understanding, rendering the systems impractical. Among the respondents who were exposed to the existing evidence evaluation system for TCM. More than 70% of the respondents remarked that it was difficult to obtain high-quality evidence using any existing methods to evaluate TCM clinical evidence, that there was a lack of clear evaluation criteria, and that it was difficult to grasp the evaluation process. Conclusions. The evaluation systems of TCM clinical evidence have gained a certain degree of recognition among practitioners, who show a great willingness to use it, but practical applications are limited. In addition, it is also expected that an evaluation system would be more in line with the clinical characteristics of TCM.

The X factor that can help to motivate Generation Y

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Sreejith
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Information Technology Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Effective Performance

Purpose – Explains why performance evaluation designed for manufacturers is inappropriate for information technology organizations. Design/methodology/approach – Underlines the distinctiveness of the information technology workforce and provides the basis for an effective performance- evaluation system designed for these workers. Findings – Highlights the roles of consensus and transparency in setting and modifying evaluation criteria. Practical implications – Urges the need for a fair and open rewards and recognition system to run in parallel with reformed performance evaluation. Social implications – Provides a way of updating performance evaluation systems to take account of the move from manufacturing to information technology-based jobs in many developed and developing societies. Originality/value – Reveals how best to recognize, reward and assess the performance of information technology workers.

scholarly journals Model Organisms and Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Models

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Ling ◽  
Jin-Wen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tcm Syndrome

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an ancient medical system with a unique cultural background. Nowadays, more and more Western countries due to its therapeutic efficacy are accepting it. However, safety and clear pharmacological action mechanisms of TCM are still uncertain. Due to the potential application of TCM in healthcare, it is necessary to construct a scientific evaluation system with TCM characteristics and benchmark the difference from the standard of Western medicine. Model organisms have played an important role in the understanding of basic biological processes. It is easier to be studied in certain research aspects and to obtain the information of other species. Despite the controversy over suitable syndrome animal model under TCM theoretical guide, it is unquestionable that many model organisms should be used in the studies of TCM modernization, which will bring modern scientific standards into mysterious ancient Chinese medicine. In this review, we aim to summarize the utilization of model organisms in the construction of TCM syndrome model and highlight the relevance of modern medicine with TCM syndrome animal model. It will serve as the foundation for further research of model organisms and for its application in TCM syndrome model.

scholarly journals Evaluation methods for association rules in spatial knowlegde base

2014 ◽  
Vol II-4 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
X. Niu ◽  
X. Ji
Keyword(s):  
Association Rules ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Spatial Database ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Automatic Data

Association rule is an important model in data mining. It describes the relationship between predicates in transactions, makes the expression of knowledge hidden in data more specific and clear. While the developing and applying of remote sensing technology and automatic data collection tools in recent decades, tremendous amounts of spatial and non-spatial data have been collected and stored in large spatial database, so association rules mining from spatial database becomes a significant research area with extensive applications. How to find effective, reliable and interesting association rules from vast information for helping people analyze and make decision has become a significant issue. Evaluation methods measure spatial association rules with evaluation criteria. On the basis of analyzing the existing evaluation criteria, this paper improved the novelty evaluation method, built a spatial knowledge base, and proposed a new evaluation process based on the support-confidence evaluation system. Finally, the feasibility of the new evaluation process was validated by an experiment with real-world geographical spatial data.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Principal Perceptions of the Primary Teaching Evaluation System Used in Eight U.S. States

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Dodson
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Teacher Evaluations ◽  
Instructional Program ◽  
Evaluation Instrument ◽  
Public School Principals ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Teacher Evaluation Systems

This research examines how public school principals in eight U.S. states perceive their teacher evaluation systems which are based on Charlotte Danielson’s Framework for Teaching (FfT).  States were selected to represent high, middle, and low scorers in the annual Education Week “Quality Counts” report (Education Week, 2016).  1,142 out of over 8,100 working principals in the eight states responded to an online survey, yielding a response rate of over 14%.  Most principals were not satisfied with FfT and found implementing the system too cumbersome.  Responses suggested an average of two changes to FfT desired by each principal; few wanted to keep their FfT as is.  Targets for improvement included overhauling software used to enter teacher evaluations; eliminating student growth goals and student test scores (VAMs) as part of evaluations; reducing the time and paperwork required; and wanting more training for administrators and teachers on the use of FfT.  Some states’ principals wanted to return control over teacher evaluation systems to local school districts.  Most respondents agreed that their version of FfT has improved their school’s instructional program, and they prefer the new instrument over their previous evaluation instrument.

Traditional Chinese Medicine for Coronary Heart Disease: Clinical Evidence and Possible Mechanisms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke-Jian Zhang ◽  
Qun Zheng ◽  
Peng-Chong Zhu ◽  
Qiang Tong ◽  
Zhuang Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Clinical Evidence

Treating People with Arthritis with Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tcm): An Examination of the Perception of Tcm Practitioners

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Yang ◽  
Wenbo Peng ◽  
Jon Adams ◽  
David William Sibbritt
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Allied Health ◽  
Conventional Medicine ◽  
Safe Patient Care ◽  
Practice Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
High Level

Introduction Emerging evidence has shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a positive effect on arthritis. This research provides the first critical, systematic examination of TCM practitioners’ perceptions of TCM use for people with arthritis. Methods An online survey was distributed to all TCM professionals including acupuncturists and Chinese herbal medicine practitioners registered with the Practitioner Research and Collaborate Initiative (PRACI) practitioner database. The survey questions focus on practitioner characteristics, practice characteristics and clinical management approaches regarding arthritis care. Results The survey attracted a response rate of 53% (n=52). The average age of the respondents was 49.9 years, more than half were female, and the majority held a bachelor degree or higher qualification. More than two thirds of TCM practitioners in our study worked with other health professionals, while they had a high level of referral relationships with a wide range of conventional, allied health and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) providers. Most of the TCM practitioners reported that their patients with arthritis used other treatments alongside TCM and a large number of the TCM practitioners who participated believed that TCM was effective for treating arthritis. Conclusions The TCM profession represents a substantial component of the healthcare field in Australia, and treating patients with arthritis appears to be an important area of TCM practice, among others. Further detailed research is needed to help ensure effective, safe patient care for those with arthritis who may be utilising TCM alongside a broader range of conventional medicine, allied health, and other CAM treatments.

scholarly journals Can Principals Promote Teacher Development as Evaluators? A Case Study of Principals’ Views and Experiences

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Kraft ◽  
Allison F. Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Evaluation ◽  
Teacher Development ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Primary Responsibility

Purpose: New teacher evaluation systems have expanded the role of principals as instructional leaders, but little is known about principals’ ability to promote teacher development through the evaluation process. We conducted a case study of principals’ perspectives on evaluation and their experiences implementing observation and feedback cycles to better understand whether principals feel as though they are able to promote teacher development as evaluators. Research Method: We conducted interviews with a stratified random sample of 24 principals in an urban district that recently implemented major reforms to its teacher evaluation system. We analyzed these interviews by drafting thematic summaries, coding interview transcripts, creating data-analytic matrices, and writing analytic memos. Findings: We found that the evaluation reforms provided a common framework and language that helped facilitate principals’ feedback conversations with teachers. However, we also found that tasking principals with primary responsibility for conducting evaluations resulted in a variety of unintended consequences which undercut the quality of evaluation feedback they provided. We analyze five broad solutions to these challenges: strategically targeting evaluations, reducing operational responsibilities, providing principal training, hiring instructional coaches, and developing peer evaluation systems. Implications: The quality of feedback teachers receive through the evaluation process depends critically on the time and training evaluators have to provide individualized and actionable feedback. Districts that task principals with primary responsibility for conducting observation and feedback cycles must attend to the many implementation challenges associated with this approach in order for next-generation evaluation systems to successfully promote teacher development.

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