scholarly journals Trends in Natural Nutrients for Oxidative Stress and Cell Senescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Navid Omidifar ◽  
Mohsen moghadami ◽  
Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi ◽  
Seyyed Alireza Hashemi ◽  
Ahmad Gholami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Cell Senescence ◽  
Telomere Shortening ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Due to the increase in the aged population and increased life expectancy, the underlying mechanisms involved in the aging process and cell senescence and the ways for modulating these processes in age-related diseases become important. One of the main mechanisms involved in aging and cell senescence, especially in the diseases related to aging, is the oxidative stress process and the following inflammation. Hence, the effects of antioxidants are highlighted in the literature due to their beneficial impacts on inhibiting telomere shortening or DNA damage and other processes related to aging and cell senescence in age-related diseases. Dietary components, foods, and dietary patterns rich in antioxidants can modulate the aging process and delay the progression of some chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease. Foods high in polyphenols, vitamin C, or carotenoids, olive oil, seeds, nuts, legumes, dietary supplements such as CoQ10, and some other dietary factors are the most important nutritional sources that have high antioxidant contents which can positively affect cell senescence and disease progression. Plant dietary patterns including Mediterranean diets can also inhibit telomere shortening following oxidative damages, and this can delay cell aging and senescence in age-related diseases. Further, olive oil can inhibit protein aggregation in Alzheimer’s disease. It can be concluded that nutrition can delay the process of cell senescence in age-related diseases via inhibiting oxidative and inflammatory pathways. However, more studies are needed to better clarify the underlying mechanisms of nutrition and dietary components on cell senescence, aging, and disease progression, especially those related to age.

scholarly journals Epigallocatechin gallate prevents senescence by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation in WI-38 human embryonic fibroblasts

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (46) ◽  
pp. 26787-26798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Zhang ◽  
Yuqing Wu ◽  
Yue Guan ◽  
Fan Ling ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Embryonic Fibroblasts ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Human Embryonic Fibroblasts

Increased levels of oxidative stress and inflammation are the underlying mechanisms behind the aging process and age-related diseases.

scholarly journals Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols: Modulation of Cellular Pathways Related to Oxidant Species and Inflammation in Aging

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Serreli ◽  
Monica Deiana
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli

The olive-oil-centered Mediterranean diet has been associated with extended life expectancy and a reduction in the risk of age-related degenerative diseases. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) itself has been proposed to promote a “successful aging”, being able to virtually modulate all the features of the aging process, because of its great monounsaturated fatty acids content and its minor bioactive compounds, the polyphenols above all. Polyphenols are mostly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, able to modulate abnormal cellular signaling induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli and oxidative stress, as that related to NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), which have been identified as important modulators of age-related disorders and aging itself. This review summarizes existing literature about the interaction between EVOO polyphenols and NF-κB and Nrf-2 signaling pathways. Reported studies show the ability of EVOO phenolics, mainly hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, to activate Nrf-2 signaling, inducing a cellular defense response and to prevent NF-κB activation, thus suppressing the induction of a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Literature data, although not exhaustive, indicate as a whole that EVOO polyphenols may significantly help to modulate the aging process, so tightly connected to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation.

scholarly journals The effect of intrinsic physiological traits on diapause survival and their underlying mechanisms in an annual bee species Bombus impatiens

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Treanore ◽  
Etya Amsalem
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Nutrient Acquisition ◽  
Bombus Impatiens ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Face ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Age Range

Abstract In the face of insect declines, identifying phases of the life cycle when insects are particularly vulnerable to mortality is critical to conservation efforts. For numerous annual insect groups, diapause is both a key adaptation that allows survival of inhospitable conditions and a physiologically demanding life stage that can result in high rates of mortality. As bees continue to garner attention as a group experiencing high rates of decline, improving our understanding of how annual bees prepare for diapause and identifying factors that reduce survival is imperative. Here, we studied factors affecting diapause survival length and their underlying mechanisms using an economically and ecologically important annual bee species, Bombus impatiens. We examined how age and mass upon diapause onset correlate with diapause survival length, and the mechanistic role of nutrient acquisition and oxidative stress post pupal eclosion in mediating these effects. Our findings show that both age and mass were strong predictors of diapause survival length. Heavier queens or queens in the age range of ~6–17 days survived longer in diapause. Mass gain was attributed to increases in lipid, protein and glycerol amounts following pupal eclosion, and the ability to deal with oxidative stress was significantly compromised in older pre-diapause queens. Our results demonstrate that age-related shifts in bee physiology and timing of nutrient acquisition may both be critical factors driving diapause survival.

scholarly journals Obstructive Sleep Apnea as an Acceleration Trigger of Cellular Senescence Processes through Telomere Shortening

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12536
Author(s):  
Szymon Turkiewicz ◽  
Marta Ditmer ◽  
Marcin Sochal ◽  
Piotr Białasiewicz ◽  
Dominik Strzelecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Telomere Shortening ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is chronic disorder which is characterized by recurrent pauses of breathing during sleep which leads to hypoxia and its two main pathological sequelae: oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Both are also associated with cellular senescence. As OSA patients present with higher prevalence of age-related disorders, such as atrial hypertension or diabetes mellitus type 2, a relationship between OSA and accelerated aging is observable. Furthermore, it has been established that these OSA are associated with telomere shortening. This process in OSA is likely caused by increased oxidative DNA damage due to increased reactive oxygen species levels, DNA repair disruptions, hypoxia, chronic inflammation, and circadian clock disturbances. The aim of the review is to summarize study outcomes on changes in leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in OSA patients and describe possible molecular mechanisms which connect cellular senescence and the pathophysiology of OSA. The majority of OSA patients are characterized by LTL attrition due to oxidative stress, hypoxia and inflammation, which make a kind of positive feedback loop, and circadian clock disturbance.

scholarly journals Carotenoids: How Effective Are They to Prevent Age-Related Diseases?

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bee Ling Tan ◽  
Mohd Esa Norhaizan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Potential Intervention ◽  
Healthy Longevity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Despite an increase in life expectancy that indicates positive human development, a new challenge is arising. Aging is positively associated with biological and cognitive degeneration, for instance cognitive decline, psychological impairment, and physical frailty. The elderly population is prone to oxidative stress due to the inefficiency of their endogenous antioxidant systems. As many studies showed an inverse relationship between carotenoids and age-related diseases (ARD) by reducing oxidative stress through interrupting the propagation of free radicals, carotenoid has been foreseen as a potential intervention for age-associated pathologies. Therefore, the role of carotenoids that counteract oxidative stress and promote healthy aging is worthy of further discussion. In this review, we discussed the underlying mechanisms of carotenoids involved in the prevention of ARD. Collectively, understanding the role of carotenoids in ARD would provide insights into a potential intervention that may affect the aging process, and subsequently promote healthy longevity.

Calorie Restriction and Aging

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. SCI-2-SCI-2
Author(s):  
Rafael de Cabo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Stress Proteins ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Abstract SCI-2 A prominent manifestation of aging is a reduced ability to respond to environmental stressors, including heat and oxidative stress. Reduced stress tolerance and decreased ability to maintain homeostasis are at least partially responsible for the increased morbidity and mortality that occurs with advancing age. The age-related attenuation of stress pathways and increased expression of stress-response genes with aging are examples of the growing body of evidence linking reduced stress responsiveness to aging. In 1935, McCay and colleagues first reported that reducing the caloric intake of rodents could significantly lengthen their mean and maximal life span, slowing down basic aging processes. The effect of calorie restriction (CR) on delaying aging has been replicated in many animal species including nonhuman primates, although in these, potential life span alterations cannot be ascertained for several more years due to their longevity CR causes a reduction in body weight, tissue growth, blood glucose, insulin levels and body temperature. In addition, CR prevents the age-related decline in tolerance to different stressors such as oxidative and heat, and the age-related reduction in expression of protective heat shock and oxidative stress proteins. While CR is the only intervention that has consistently been shown to increase maximum life span and prevent or delay the onset of age-associated pathophysiological changes in laboratory rodents, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Using calorie restriction (CR) as their benchmark research tool, gerontologists are making progress in identifying dietary and pharmacologic interventions that may be applicable to retarding aging processes in humans. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Impact of telomerase ablation on organismal viability, aging, and tumorigenesis in mice lacking the DNA repair proteins PARP-1, Ku86, or DNA-PKcs

2004 ◽  
Vol 167 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Espejel ◽  
Peter Klatt ◽  
Josiane Ménissier-de Murcia ◽  
Juan Martín-Caballero ◽  
Juana M. Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Telomere Shortening ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dna Repair Proteins ◽  
Telomere Function ◽  
Telomere Capping ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Parp 1 ◽  
Deficient Mice

The DNA repair proteins poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), Ku86, and catalytic subunit of DNA-PK (DNA-PKcs) have been involved in telomere metabolism. To genetically dissect the impact of these activities on telomere function, as well as organismal cancer and aging, we have generated mice doubly deficient for both telomerase and any of the mentioned DNA repair proteins, PARP-1, Ku86, or DNA-PKcs. First, we show that abrogation of PARP-1 in the absence of telomerase does not affect the rate of telomere shortening, telomere capping, or organismal viability compared with single telomerase-deficient controls. Thus, PARP-1 does not have a major role in telomere metabolism, not even in the context of telomerase deficiency. In contrast, mice doubly deficient for telomerase and either Ku86 or DNA-PKcs manifest accelerated loss of organismal viability compared with single telomerase-deficient mice. Interestingly, this loss of organismal viability correlates with proliferative defects and age-related pathologies, but not with increased incidence of cancer. These results support the notion that absence of telomerase and short telomeres in combination with DNA repair deficiencies accelerate the aging process without impacting on tumorigenesis.

scholarly journals Bioactive Nutrients and Nutrigenomics in Age-Related Diseases

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Rescigno ◽  
Mario F. Tecce ◽  
Anna Capasso
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Molecular Processes ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Age Related

The increase in the average lifespan and the consequent proportional growth of the elderly segment of society has furthered the interest in studying ageing processes. Ageing may be considered a multifactorial process derived from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors including lifestyle. There is ample evidence in many species that the maximum age attainable (maximum lifespan potential, MLSP) is genetically determined and several mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms are associated with longevity. Many studies have shown that most of the phenotypic characteristics observed in the aging process are the result of the occurrence, with age, of a low grade chronic pro-inflammatory status called "inflammaging", partially under genetic control. The term indicate that aging is accompanied by a low degree of chronic inflammatory, an up-regulation of inflammatory response and that inflammatory changes are common to many age-related diseases. Therefore, the theory of oxidation-inflammation was proposed as the main cause of aging. Accordingly, the chronic oxidative stress, that appears with age, affects all cells and especially those of the regulatory systems, such as the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems and the communication between them. This prevents an adequate homeostasis and, therefore, the preservation of health. It was also proposed that the immune system plays a key role in the aging process, specifically in the rate of aging, since there is a relationship between the redox state and functional capacity of immune cells and longevity of individuals. Moreover, the role of the immune system in senescence could be of universal application. A confirmation of the central role of the immune system in oxi-inflamm-aging is that the administrationintake? of adequate amounts of antioxidants in the diet improves immune function, decreases their oxidative stress, and consequently increases longevity. The promotion of healthy lifestyles is one of the major goals of governments and international agencies all over the world. Human molecular processes are influenced by both physiological pathways and exogenous factors which include, for instance, those originating from diet. Dietary intake has substantive effects on molecular processes of metabolic health. Nutrients can directly regulate physiological changes in human body. In fact, in addition to have an energetic and structural value, nutritional intake provides bioactive molecules which are selectively able to modulate specific metabolic pathways, noticeably affecting cardiovascular and neoplastic diseases development or progress. Numerous bioactive nutrients are being progressively identified and their chemopreventive effects are being described at clinical and molecular mechanism levels. Systematic analyses comprise all “omics” technologies (such as transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) and the goal is to investigate bioactive molecules effects derived from the diet. Nutrigenomic knowledge on physiologic status and disease risk will provide both developments of better diagnostic procedures and of new therapeutic strategies specifically targeted on nutritionally relevant processes. The present review was aimed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying beneficial effects of bioactive nutrients and nutrigenomics on age-related diseases.

scholarly journals H2O2 downregulate SIRT7`s protective role of endothelial premature dysfunction via microRNA-335-5p

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixin Liu ◽  
Jinyu Yang ◽  
Xi Yang ◽  
Peng Lai ◽  
Yi Mou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Endothelial senescence is believed to constitute the initial pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). MicroRNA-335-5p (miR-335-5p) expression is significantly upregulated in oxidative stress-induced endothelial cells (ECs). Sirtuin7 (SIRT7) is considered to prevent EC senescence, yet data on its response to ASCVD risk factors are limited. This study analyzed the elevated levels of miR-335-5p and the decreased levels of SIRT7 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) , and found that high glucose, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and H2O2 are the three contributing factors that induced cellular senescence. The current study also assessed premature endothelial senescence and decreased proliferation, adhesion, migration, and nitric oxide secretion in HUVECs with these risk factors together with SIRT7-siRNA transfection. It found that the miR-335-5p inhibitor attenuated the downregulation of SIRT7 expression induced by oxidative stress in HUVECs, and SIRT7 overexpression exerts a rescue effect against miR-335-5p induced endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, the direct binding of miR-335-5p to SIRT7 was observed in HEK-293T. Therefore, it can be inferred that miR-335-5p downregulates the expression of SIRT7 in human cells. Current findings may provide deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms of endothelial senescence and potential therapeutic targets of ASCVD as well as other age-related diseases.

Long-Term Dietary Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Rich in Polyphenols Reverses Age-Related Dysfunctions in Motor Coordination and Contextual Memory in Mice: Role of Oxidative Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Pitozzi ◽  
Michela Jacomelli ◽  
Dolores Catelan ◽  
Maurizio Servili ◽  
Agnese Taticchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Contextual Memory ◽  
Age Related
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