scholarly journals Influence of Soybean Oil on Binder and Warm Mixture Asphalt Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Rezvan Babagoli ◽  
Alireza Ameli
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Large Space ◽  
Compaction Temperature ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Performance

To produce a usual hot mix asphalt, significant amount of energy is used, which causes air pollution. As a result, warm mix asphalt (WMA) is introduced to reduce the mixing and compaction temperature of the mixture. On the one hand, accumulation of waste oil in the ground occupies a large space in the Earth. After the process of frying the oil, if the by-product is not controlled properly, it leads to the pollution of the environment. Hence, utilization of this waste oil can be considered as a sustainable path to dealing with the risk. The main goal of the current research is to evaluate the possibility of exploiting soybean oil to reduce the mixing and compaction temperature of mixtures and produce warm mix asphalt (WMA). Moreover, the rheological and performance properties of mixtures containing soybean are evaluated in this study. The AC-60/70 and 85/100 binders are modified by soybean oil (0%, 1.5%, 2.5%, and 3.5% by weight of binder). Several binder tests are used to measure the physical and rheological behaviors of binders, such as penetration grade, softening point, temperature susceptibility, rotational viscosity (RV), Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR), and Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) tests. Besides, several mixture tests are used to evaluate the performance of the mixture, including four-point bending beam fatigue (FPB), resilient modulus (Mr), indirect tensile strength (ITS), dynamic creep, and wheel track tests. Through MSCR test results, at two stress levels, the Jnr parameter increases as the soybean oil is added to the binder. The results of the LAS test revealed that the fatigue life of binders increases by addition of soybean oil. There is no significant difference between the results of new and waste oil. This in turn makes possible reducing soybean oil production and consumption, and instead frying oil (waste) is reused, which displays no significant difference in terms of chemical and physical properties. Also, the performance test of mixtures indicated that as the soybean oil is added to the mixture, the rutting performance decreases and fatigue performance increases. Based on the results, it is recommended to use 1.5% soybean oil in asphalt mixtures without compromising the performance of the mixture. ANOVA results showed that the warm additive had meaningful effects on MR, ITS, and FE; the same was true for the effects of the warm additive-binder type interaction.

scholarly journals THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN STUDENTS' WRITING NARRATIVE WITH COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL OF CIRC AND JIGSAW BY CONSIDERING MOTIVATION OF CLASS VII SMP NEGERI 28 PADANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Nicky Prima Yudha ◽  
Syahrul Ramadhan ◽  
Ngusman Abdul Manaf
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Essay Writing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Use Of Models

This study was conducted to explain (a) the difference in narrative essay writing skills of students who are taught using cooperative learning model CIRC with Jigsaw (b) differences in the ability to write narrative essays highly motivated students who are learning with cooperative learning model CIRC with Jigsaw; (c) differences in the ability to write narrative essays low motivated students who are learning to cooperative learning model CIRC with Jigsaw; and (d) the interaction between the use of models in the study of learning and motivation affect the ability of students to write a narrative essay. This study was a quasi-experimental (quasi-experiment) using a 2x2 factorial design. Population of 250 people, the study sample is taken by means of random sampling and obtained class VII / 2 as an experimental class I and class VII / 1 as the experimental class II, each consisting of 30 and 32 students. Data were collected by two instruments, namely motivation questionnaire and performance test writing narrative essays. Analyzing and discussion of the data is done by descriptive-analytical. Based on the results of data analysis, we can conclude the following four things. First, there are no significant differences in narrative essay writing skills of students who are taught using cooperative learning model CIRC with Jigsaw. Secondly, there is no significant difference in the ability to write narrative kararangan highly motivated students who are learning with cooperative learning model CIRC and Jigsaw. Third, there is no significant difference in the ability to write narrative kararangan low motivated students who are learning to cooperative learning model CIRC and Jigsaw. Fourth, there is no interaction between the model of learning with learning motivation in influencing the ability to write narrative essays seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 28 Padang. The use of models and Jigsaw cooperative CIRC can enhance students' ability to write a narrative essay, motivated either high or low.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Warm-Mix Asphalt Compaction Performance by Variable-Temperature Gyratory Compaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Li Ming Wang ◽  
Yi Qiu Tan
Keyword(s):  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Compaction Temperature ◽  
Temperature Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gyratory Compaction ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Compaction Performance

As the residue level of viscosity reducing in after mixing WMA would dynamic change with paving time and temperature, which should influenced on their compaction performance accordingly. The paper employed a improved variable-temperature control SGC compaction experiment to evaluate the compaction performance of four kinds of typical Warm-Mix Asphalt. In the paper, the compactibility at different temperature and the optimum compaction temperature were two way to represent different aspects of compaction performance. By experiment, the authors believed that the construction energy index is more suitable to express the compactibility than the slope of logarithmic fitting curve. And the authors proposed a equidensity –temperature method which based on analogous principle to determine the optimum compaction temperature. According to the experiment results, there are significant difference in the compactibility development trends and the optimum compaction temperature of different Warm-Mix Asphalt. The overall evaluation information of Warm-Mix Asphalt compaction performance could be get by the combination used of the compactibility development trends and the optimum compaction temperature which based on the improved variable-temperature gyratory compaction.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Text Completion Technique towards Students’ Speaking Skill

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Nursabrina Nursabrina
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Statistical Computation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Procedural Text ◽  
And Control

This research paper aims to investigate the Effectiveness of text Completion Technique towards Students’ Speaking Skill at Eleventh Grade of Madrasah Aliyah Mathla’ul Anwar Pusat Menes. The research paper employs the quantitative research, with the quasy experimental design. Then, the researcher uses observation and performance test in which students of both classes use procedural text as the specific speaking material. In the data collecting technique, it compares pre-test and post-test results of both experimental and control class. Therefore, to analyze the data, the researcher used statistical computation. It works to count scoring, the result of the test, calculating the mean of both experimental and control class. Besides that, it calculated the standard deviation of each group and then found out the significant difference by using t-test. Based on the result of data analysis and interpretation of the research, it is clear that there is a significant difference after teaching speaking by using text completion technique in experimental class and teaching speaking by using lecture technique in control class.

Rancang Bangun Alat Olahan Minyak Kelapa

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Jantri Sirait ◽  
Sulharman Sulharman
Keyword(s):  
Electric Motor ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Coconut Milk ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Time Required

Has done design tool is a tool of refined coconut oil coconut grater, squeezer coconut milk and coconut oil heating, with the aim to streamline the time of making coconut oil and coconut oil increase production capacity. The research method consists of several stages, among others; image creation tool, procurement of materials research, cutting the material - the material framework of tools and performance test tools. The parameters observed during the performance test tools is time grated coconut, coconut milk bleeder capacity, the capacity of the boiler and the heating time of coconut oil. The design tool consists of three parts, namely a tool shaved coconut, coconut milk wringer and coconut milk heating devices. Materials used for the framework of such tools include iron UNP 6 meters long, 7.5 cm wide, 4 mm thick, while the motor uses an electric motor 0.25 HP 1430 rpm and to dampen the rotation electric motor rotation used gearbox with a ratio of round 1 : 60. the results of the design ie the time required for coconut menyerut average of 297 seconds, coconut milk wringer capacity of 5 kg of processes and using gauze pads to filter coconut pulp, as well as the heating process takes ± 2 hours with a capacity of 80 kg , The benefits of coconut oil refined tools are stripping time or split brief coconut average - average 7 seconds and coconut shell can be used as craft materials, processes extortion coconut milk quickly so the production capacity increased and the stirring process coconut oil mechanically.ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan rancang bangun alat olahan minyak kelapa yaitu alat pemarut kelapa, pemeras santan kelapa dan pemanas minyak kelapa, dengan tujuan untuk mengefisiensikan waktu pembuatan minyak kelapa serta meningkatkan kapasitas produksi minyak kelapa. Metode penelitian terdiri dari beberapa tahapan antara lain; pembuatan gambar alat, pengadaan bahan-bahan penelitian, pemotongan bahan - bahan rangka alat dan uji unjuk kerja alat. Parameter yang diamati pada saat uji unjuk kerja alat adalah waktu parut kelapa, kapasitas pemeras santan kelapa, kapasitas tungku pemanas serta waktu pemanasan minyak kelapa. Rancangan alat terdiri dari tiga bagian yaitu alat penyerut kelapa, alat pemeras santan kelapa dan alat pemanas santan kelapa. Bahan yang dipergunakan untuk rangka alat tersebut  yaitu besi UNP panjang 6 meter, lebar 7,5 cm, tebal 4 mm, sedangkan untuk motor penggerak menggunakan motor listrik 0,25 HP 1430 rpm dan untuk meredam putaran putaran motor listrik dipergunakan gearbox  dengan perbandingan putaran 1 : 60. Hasil dari rancangan tersebut yaitu waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menyerut kelapa rata-rata 297 detik, kapasitas alat pemeras santan kelapa 5 kg sekali proses dan menggunakan kain kassa untuk menyaring ampas kelapa, serta Proses pemanasan membutuhkan waktu ± 2 jam dengan kapasitas 80 kg. Adapun keunggulan alat olahan minyak kelapa ini adalah waktu pengupasan atau belah kelapa singkat rata – rata 7 detik dan tempurung kelapa dapat digunakan sebagai bahan kerajinan, proses pemerasan santan kelapa cepat sehingga kapasitas produksi meningkat dan proses pengadukan minyak kelapa secara mekanis. Kata kunci : penyerut, pemeras, pemanas,minyak kelapa,olahan minyak kelapa.

scholarly journals Design and performance test of variable diameter threshing drum of combine harvester

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Su ◽  
Zhao Ding ◽  
Liquan Tian ◽  
Xue Lin ◽  
Zhiming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Variable Diameter ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
And Performance

Exploring The Effect of Visual Information Degradation on Human Perception and Performance In A Human-Telerobot System

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1302-1307
Author(s):  
Richard Stone ◽  
Minglu Wang ◽  
Thomas Schnieders ◽  
Esraa Abdelall
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Hit Rate ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Operators ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level

Human-robotic interaction system are increasingly becoming integrated into industrial, commercial and emergency service agencies. It is critical that human operators understand and trust automation when these systems support and even make important decisions. The following study focused on human-in-loop telerobotic system performing a reconnaissance operation. Twenty-four subjects were divided into groups based on level of automation (Low-Level Automation (LLA), and High-Level Automation (HLA)). Results indicated a significant difference between low and high word level of control in hit rate when permanent error occurred. In the LLA group, the type of error had a significant effect on the hit rate. In general, the high level of automation was better than the low level of automation, especially if it was more reliable, suggesting that subjects in the HLA group could rely on the automatic implementation to perform the task more effectively and more accurately.

scholarly journals Prospective study to assess the tissue response to HPC-coated p48 flow diverter stents compared to uncoated devices in the rabbit carotid artery model

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Lenz-Habijan ◽  
Pervinder Bhogal ◽  
Catrin Bannewitz ◽  
Ralf Hannes ◽  
Hermann Monstadt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Foreign Body Response ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Acute Setting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

Abstract Background Flow diverters (FDs) are widely used in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, but the required medication increases the risk of haemorrhagic complications and limits their use in the acute setting. Surface modified FDs may limit the need for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). Hydrophilic polymer coating (HPC) may reduce the need of medication. Methods This explorative study, approved by the local authorities and the local welfare committee, compared stent behaviour and overall tissue response between HPC-coated FDs and uncoated FDs, both implanted into the common carotid arteries of eight New Zealand white rabbits. Endothelialisation, inflammatory response, and performance during implantation were assessed. Angiographic follow-up was performed to observe the patency of the devices after implantation and after 30 days. Histological examinations were performed at 30 days to assess foreign body reaction and endothelialisation. Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare non-parametric variables. Results Angiography showed that both coated and uncoated FDs performed well during implantation. All devices remained patent during immediate follow-up and after 30 days. Histopathology showed no significant difference in inflammation within the vessel wall between the two cohorts (2.12 ± 0.75 vs. 1.96 ± 0.79, p = 0.7072). Complete endothelialisation of the stent struts was seen with very similar (0.04 ± 0.02 mm vs. 0.04 ± 0.03 mm, p = 0.892) neoendothelial thickness between the two cohorts after 30 days. Conclusion Taking into account the limitation in sample size, non-significant differences between the HPC-coated and uncoated FDs regarding implantation, foreign body response, and endothelialisation were found.

Effects of Asphalt Foaming on Damage Characteristics of Foamed Warm Mix Asphalt

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199782
Author(s):  
Biswajit K. Bairgi ◽  
Md Amanul Hasan ◽  
Rafiqul A. Tarefder
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Viscoelastic Continuum Damage ◽  
Foamed Asphalt ◽  
Flexural Beam ◽  
Wheel Tracking

In the asphalt foaming process, the foaming water content (FWC) controls the formation and characteristics of water bubbles. These water bubbles are expected to be expelled from the foamed warm mix asphalt (WMA) during mixing and compaction. However, foaming water may not be completely expelled, rather some of the microbubbles may be trapped in the foamed WMA even after compaction. These microbubbles, or undissipated water, can diffuse over time and cause damage to the foamed WMA. To this end, this study has determined the effects of foaming on the fatigue, moisture damage, and permanent deformation characteristics of foamed WMA. Foamed asphalt and mixtures were designed with varying FWCs and they were tested using linear amplitude sweep, multiple stress creep recovery, four-point flexural beam, and Hamburg wheel tracking tests. Primarily, asphalt foaming dynamics were assessed with a laser-based non-contact method. A simplified viscoelastic continuum damage concept and a three-phase permanent deformation model were used for damage evaluation. The study reveals that foaming softens the binder, which results in slightly higher rutting and moisture susceptibility, though an equivalent or slightly improved fatigue characteristic compared with the regular hot mix asphalt.

Physical and performance characteristics related to starter status, position, and division in Japanese collegiate American-football players

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Junta Iguchi ◽  
Minoru Matsunami ◽  
Tatsuya Hojo ◽  
Yoshihiko Fujisawa ◽  
Kenji Kuzuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Vertical Jump Height ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
And Performance

BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated the variations in body composition and performance in Japanese collegiate American-football players. OBJECTIVE: To clarify what characterizes competitors at the highest levels – in the top division or on the starting lineup – we compared players’ body compositions and performance test results. METHODS: This study included 172 players. Each player’s body composition and performance (one-repetition maximum bench press, one-repetition maximum back squat, and vertical jump height) were measured; power was estimated from vertical jump height and body weight. Players were compared according to status (starter vs. non-starter), position (skill vs. linemen), and division (1 vs. 2). Regression analysis was performed to determine characteristics for being a starter. RESULTS: Players in higher divisions and who were starters were stronger and had more power, greater body size, and better performance test results. Players in skill positions were relatively stronger than those in linemen positions. Vertical jump height was a significant predictor of being a starter in Division 1. CONCLUSION: Power and vertical jump may be a deciding factor for playing as a starter or in a higher division.

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