scholarly journals Investigation of the Impact of Two Types of Epoxidized Vietnam Rubber Seed Oils on the Properties of Polylactic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thuy ◽  
Pham Ngoc Lan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
The Impact

To minimize the brittleness of polylactic acid (PLA), the epoxidized rubber seed oils (ERO) or epoxidized ester rubber seed oils (EERO) are blended with PLA. The mechanical properties of ERO bioblend are higher than that of EERO bioblend and significantly improved compared to that of the PLA sample. Elongation at break is increased by 9.1 times, and impact strength and tensile toughness improved by 139% and 1370%, respectively. The morphological study showed the microdroplets of epoxidized oils distributed in the ERO bioblend are much smaller than those in the EERO bioblend. This means that the ERO is better compatible with PLA, and both ERO and EERO are partially miscible with PLA. This compatibility is confirmed by the decrease in the glass transition temperature, T g , from 65.7 to 60.5°C. The TGA analysis shows a sharp increase in an initial decomposition temperature (from 261.8 to 311.9°C) meaning an improvement in thermal properties. The NMR analysis proves that the epoxidized vegetable oils are linked to PLA chains, so both the melt flow index and an acid value of ERO or EERO bioblend decrease while the thermal stability is improved. The NMR peak area of some signals shows that the ERO is more attached to PLA, proving better compatibility of ERO with PLA, resulting in higher mechanical properties of ERO bioblend. The plasticizing effect of plasticizers is not dependent on the oxygen-oxirane content of the epoxidized oil but is strongly influenced by the acid value. Overall results show that both ERO and EERO can be used as a biodegradable, renewable plasticizer to replace petroleum-based plasticizers for PLA. In addition, the successful modification of PLA by using ERO or EERO promotes the use of this polymer as a potential material for researchers working on PLA applications.

scholarly journals Mechanical, Thermal and Rheological Properties of Polyethylene-Based Composites Filled with Micrometric Aluminum Powder

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Paulina Kosmela ◽  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Aleksander Hejna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Investigations related to polymer/metal composites are often limited to the analysis of the electrical and thermal conductivity of the materials. The presented study aims to analyze the impact of aluminum (Al) filler content (from 1 to 20 wt%) on the rarely investigated properties of composites based on the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. The crystalline structure, rheological (melt flow index and oscillatory rheometry), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry), as well as static (tensile tests, hardness, rebound resilience) and dynamic (dynamical mechanical analysis) mechanical properties of composites were investigated. The incorporation of 1 and 2 wt% of aluminum filler resulted in small enhancements of mechanical properties, while loadings of 5 and 10 wt% provided materials with a similar performance to neat HDPE. Such results were supported by the lack of disturbances in the rheological behavior of composites. The presented results indicate that a significant content of aluminum filler may be introduced into the HDPE matrix without additional pre-treatment and does not cause the deterioration of composites’ performance, which should be considered beneficial when engineering PE/metal composites.

Renewable resources-based PTT [poly(trimethylene terephthalate)]/switchgrass fiber composites: The effect of compatibilization

2012 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeevan Prasad Reddy ◽  
Manjusri Misra ◽  
Amar Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate ◽  
Trimethylene Terephthalate ◽  
The Impact

In this research, switchgrass (SG) fiber-reinforced poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) biocomposites were prepared by extrusion followed by injection molding machine. The methylene-diphenyl-diisocyanate-polybutadiene (MDIPB) prepolymer was used to enhance the impact strength of the biocomposites. In addition, the polymeric methylene-diphenyl-diisocyanate (PMDI) compatibilizer was used to enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. The effect of compatibilizer on mechanical, crystallization melting, thermomechanical, melt flow index (MFI), morphological, and thermal stability properties of the composites was studied. Thermomechanical properties of the biocomposites were studied by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and matrix. The results showed that MDIPB and PMDI have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the composites. The impact strength of MDIPB- and PMDI-compatibilized composites was increased by 87 % when compared to the uncompatibilized composite.

scholarly journals Halloysite Nanotubes and Silane-Treated Alumina Trihydrate Hybrid Flame Retardant System for High-Performance Cable Insulation

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2134
Author(s):  
Sandra Paszkiewicz ◽  
Izabela Irska ◽  
Iman Taraghi ◽  
Elżbieta Piesowicz ◽  
Jakub Sieminski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Blend ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Alumina Trihydrate

The effect of the presence of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and silane-treated alumina trihydrate (ATH-sil) nanofillers on the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardancy properties of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) blends was investigated. Different weight percentages of HNT and ATH-sil nanoparticles, as well as the hybrid system of those nanofillers, were melt mixed with the polymer blend (reference sample) using a twin-screw extruder. The morphology of the nanoparticles and polymer compositions was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The mechanical properties, hardness, water absorption, and melt flow index (MFI) of the compositions were assessed. The tensile strength increases as a function of the amount of HNT nanofiller; however, the elongation at break decreases. In the case of the hybrid system of nanofillers, the compositions showed superior mechanical properties. The thermal properties of the reference sample and those of the corresponding sample with nanofiller blends were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Two peaks were observed in the melting and crystallization temperatures. This shows that the EVA/LDPE is an immiscible polymer blend. The thermal stability of the blends was improved by the presence of HNTs and ATH-sil nanoparticles. Thermal degradation temperatures were shifted to higher values by the presence of hybrid nanofillers. Finally, the flammability of the compositions was assessed. Flammability as reflected by the limiting oxygen index (OI) was increased by the presence of HNT and ATH-sil nanofiller and a hybrid system of the nanoparticles.

Cable and Wire Application: Adoption of Nanomagnesium Hydroxide Blended with LDPE/EVA for Mechanical and Physical Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Ahmad Aroziki Abdul Aziz ◽  
Sakinah Mohd Alauddin ◽  
Ruzitah Mohd Salleh ◽  
Mohammed Iqbal Shueb
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Loading Amount

Effect of nanoMagnesium Hydroxide (MH) nloading amount to the mechanical and physical properties of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/ Poly (ethylene-co vinyl acetate)(EVA) nanocomposite has been described and investigated in this paper. The tensile strength results show that increased amount of nanofiller will decrease and deteriorate the mechanical properties. The elongation at break decreased continuously with increasing loading of nanofiller. Generally, mechanical properties become poorer as loading amount increase. Melt Flow Index values for physical properties also provide same trend as mechanical properties results. Increase filler amount reduced MFI values whereby increased resistance to the flow.

scholarly journals Effect of Hard Plastic Waste on the Quality of Recycled Polypropylene Blends

Recycling ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Patrizio Tratzi ◽  
Chiara Giuliani ◽  
Marco Torre ◽  
Laura Tomassetti ◽  
Roberto Petrucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Yield Strain ◽  
Melt Index ◽  
Polypropylene Blends ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Plastic Containers

The recycling of plastic waste is undergoing fast growth due to environmental, health and economic issues, and several blends of post-consumer and post-industrial polymeric materials have been characterized in recent years. However, most of these researches have focused on plastic containers and packaging, neglecting hard plastic waste. This study provides the first experimental characterization of different blends of hard plastic waste and virgin polypropylene in terms of melt index, differential scan calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mechanical properties (tensile, impact and Shore hardness) and Vicat softening test. Compared to blends based on packaging plastic waste, significant differences were observed in terms of melt flow index (about 10 points higher for hard plastic waste). Mechanical properties, in particular yield strain, were instead quite similar (between 5 and 9%), despite a higher standard deviation being observed, up to 10%, probably due to incomplete homogenization. Results demonstrate that these worse performances could be mainly attributed to the presence of different additives, as well as to the presence of impurities or traces of other polymers, other than incomplete homogenization. On the other hand, acceptable results were obtained for selected blends; the optimal blending ratio was identified as 78% post-consumer waste and 22% post-industrial waste, meeting the requirement for injection molding and thermoforming.

Comparison of Melt Flow and Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk and Kenaf Hybrid Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Aziz Noor Zuhaira ◽  
Rahmah Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Melt Flow

This research is to identify the difference in melt flow and mechanical properties in hybrid composites between kenaf and rice husk that each of the filler was compounded with composite material of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) in different loading amount. Different filler loading up to 30 parts of kenaf fibers and rice husk particulate were mixed with the fixed 30% amount of CaCO3. Compounded hybrid composite were prepared and tested for melt flow index, tensile and impact strength. Addition of both fillers had decreased melt flow index (MFI). MFI of rice husk/CaCO3 was higher than kenaf/CaCO3 in HDPE composites. Tensile strength, elongation at break and impact properties of both hybrid composites had decreased with increasing filler content. Tensile strength of kenaf/CaCO3 was higher than rice husk/CaCO3 due to intrinsic fiber structure of kenaf which has some reinforcing effect compared to rice husk. While, impact strength of rice husk/CaCO3 was improved with addition of filler but drastically decrease as the rice husk content were increased up to 30% due to high silica content in rice husk. The Youngs Modulus was increased with addition of natural fibers in CaCO3/HDPE composite.

Comb-like copolymer dispersant for PP/CaCO3 composites: effects of particle concentration on properties of composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiwei Jing ◽  
Weiguang Gong ◽  
Zhongjun Feng ◽  
Xin Meng ◽  
Baicun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Anchoring Group ◽  
Copolymer Poly ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Abstract A comb-like copolymer poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride)-graft-poly (ε-caprolacton) (SMA-g-PCL, SP) with carboxyl group as an anchoring group and polycaprolactone as a solvent chain was used as an effective dispersant for CaCO3 in the polypropylene (PP) matrix. The effects of CaCO3 concentration on crystallization behaviors, mechanical properties, and thermal stabilities were studied systematically. The results revealed that the dispersion of CaCO3 in the PP matrix was markedly improved owing to the steric hindrance effect caused by PCL, and the SP-coated CaCO3 was a very effective nucleating agent for PP. Proper CaCO3 concentration corresponded to the improvement of crystallization temperature, crystallinity, and crystallization rate of PP. There was only a slight improvement in yield stress but great improvement in Young’s modulus, flexural modulus, and impact strength. However, the excessive CaCO3 filler deteriorated the mechanical properties. The good dispersion of SP-coated CaCO3 in the PP matrix also accounted for the improvement of thermal stability. The initial decomposition temperature of the PP/CaCO3 composite with 7.4 wt.% CaCO3 increased 35°C compared with neat PP.

Mixtures of Recycled Milk Pouches with a Virgin LDPE-LLDPE Blend

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arup Choudhury ◽  
Mandira Mukherjee ◽  
Basudam Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Recycled Materials ◽  
Elongation At Break

The present investigation deals with the viability of the use of recycled milk pouch material, which is a 50:50 mixture of LDPE and LLDPE, and the scope for improvement of its properties by combining it with virgin LDPE-LLDPE (50/50). Melt flow index (MFI), rheological properties, thermal and mechanical properties of the pure materials and their formulated blends containing recycled milk pouches were studied. The properties of the recycled materials were not as satisfactory as those of the corresponding virgin materials. But a significant improvement in viscosity, crystallinity, tensile strength and elongation at break of the recycled LDPE-LLDPE material was achieved by blending it with the corresponding virgin LDPE-LLDPE blend.

Coal Powder and Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer Reinforced Hybrid Polypropylene Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 956 ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
Yu Feng Bai ◽  
Xin Xin Cao ◽  
Ming Lu Xu ◽  
Xiao Fang He ◽  
Guo Hui Cai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Coal Powder ◽  
The Impact

For the better mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP), PP sea-island structured composites with elastomer ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) and coal powder were prepared by melt-blending method. Coupling agent γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570) was used as modifier to improve the superficial capacity of coal powder. The structural changes and properties of modified coal powder and composites were characterized and analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), surface contact angle analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and mechanical testing. Results show that the modified coal powder has good hydrophobicity and sea-island structure is beneficial in improving the comprehensive performance of composites. The contact angle increases from 33.8° to 91.6° after modification. The initial decomposition temperature (T0) and largest weight loss temperature (Tmd) both have an increase with coal powder content and the maximum are 431.02 °C and 465.33 °C. The mechanical properties tend to go up first and then down with the addition of coal powder. PP/26EPDM/4coal composite has best mechanical properties as well as the impact strength and elongation at break are 60.9 MPa, 615.0%, respectively.

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