scholarly journals Substantial Depletion of Vicine, Levodopa, and Tyramine in a Fava Bean Protein-Based Nutritional Product

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Paul W. Johns ◽  
Steven R. Hertzler
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Biogenic Amine ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Fava Bean ◽  
Fava Beans ◽  
Bean Protein

A commercial fava bean protein isolate and a liquid nutritional product formulated with it were tested by validated HPLC methods for the favism-associated pyrimidine glycoside vicine, the dopamine precursor levodopa, and the biogenic amine tyramine. The vicine, levodopa, and tyramine concentrations in the protein isolate—306, 13.3, and <0.5 mg/kg, respectively—when expressed on a protein basis—34, 1.5, and <0.06 mg/100 g protein, respectively—were at least 96% lower than the vicine, levodopa, and tyramine (protein-based) concentrations reported for fava beans (≥900, ~200, and ~4 mg/100 g protein, respectively). This was also true for the vicine (13 mg/kg or 22 mg/100 g protein), levodopa (≤0.17 mg/kg or ≤0.3 mg/100 g protein), and tyramine (0.08 mg/kg or 0.14 mg/100 g protein) concentrations in the nutritional product. On the basis of these data, one serving (11 fl. oz.) of the nutritional product would deliver approximately 5 mg of vicine, <1 mg of levodopa, and <0.1 mg of tyramine.

scholarly journals Whole Wheat Crackers Fortified with Mixed Shrimp Oil and Tea Seed Oil Microcapsules Prepared from Mung Bean Protein Isolate and Sodium Alginate

Foods ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Saqib Gulzar ◽  
Krisana Nilsuwan ◽  
Navaneethan Raju ◽  
Soottawat Benjakul
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Tea Seed Oil ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shrimp Oil ◽  
Bean Protein

Shrimp oil (SO) rich in n-3 fatty acids and astaxanthin, mixed with antioxidant-rich tea seed oil (TSO), was microencapsulated using mung bean protein isolate and sodium alginate and fortified into whole wheat crackers. SO and TSO mixed in equal proportions were emulsified in a solution containing mung bean protein isolate (MBPI) and sodium alginate (SA) at varied ratios. The emulsions were spray-dried to entrap SO-TSO in MBPI-SA microcapsules. MBPI-SA microcapsules loaded with SO-TSO showed low to moderately high encapsulation efficiencies (EE) of 32.26–72.09% and had a fair flowability index. Two selected microcapsules with high EE possessed the particle sizes of 1.592 and 1.796 µm with moderate PDI of 0.372 and 0.403, respectively. Zeta potential values were −54.81 mV and −53.41 mV. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images indicated that microcapsules were spherical in shape with some shrinkage on the surface and aggregation took place to some extent. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses of samples empirically validated the presence of SO-TSO in the microcapsules. Encapsulated SO-TSO showed superior oxidative stability and retention of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to unencapsulated counterparts during storage of 6 weeks. When SO-TSO microcapsules were fortified in whole wheat crackers at varying levels (0–10%), the crackers showed sensorial acceptability with no perceivable fishy odor. Thus, microencapsulation of SO-TSO using MBPI-SA as wall materials could be used as an alternative carrier system, in which microcapsules loaded with PUFAs could be fortified in a wide range of foods.

scholarly journals The anti hypertensive nutraceuticals of Vigna sp bean protein hydrolized by alcalase and flavourzyme

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Tejasari ◽  
Sih Yuwanti ◽  
Mohammad Bazar Ahmadi ◽  
Yuna Luki Afsari
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrophobic Amino Acids ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Bean Protein

Peptide with hydrophobic amino acids had been studied for their inhibitory activity against angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE-1) transformation into ACE-2 and prevention of hypertension. The active peptides may come from alcalase and flavourzyme hydrolysis of bean protein. This study aimed to measure ACE-1 inhibitory of protein hydrolysates from Vigna sp. bean (mung bean and cowpea) that grew in Indonesia, and its solubility. The bean protein (22.9 - 23.6 %) was extracted using isoelectric precipitation at pH 4-4.6. The extracts were hydrolyzed at pH 8 for alcalase and pH 7 for flavourzyme, followed with inactivation at 80-85 oC. ACE-1 inhibitory activity was calculated based on the amount of hippuric acid (HA) formed by the hydrolysis of Hippuryl-His-Leu (HHL), in spectrophotometry detection method (228 nm). Ultrachromatography evaluation showed that the protein hydrolysates of mungbean contained higher hydrophobic amino acids (382 mg/g protein) compared to those of cowpea (329 mg/g protein). Protein hydrolysates of both beans from alcalase hydrolysis have higher ACE-1 inhibitory activity rather than those from flavourzyme. Protein hydrolysate from Vigna spp bean protein hydrolysis by alcalase, contained small molecular weight peptides (3.9-4.63 kDa) and high ACE-1 inhibition ability (80-93 %), and therefore suggested as antihypertensive nutraceuticals. Highest solubility of protein hydrolysates resulted from alcalase hydrolysis of both beans were observed at pH 8, while those resulted from flavorzyme hydrolysis were at pH 7, respectively.

scholarly journals Biocidal potential of some organic by-products on sanitary and physiological quality of red and white fava beans seeds

2020 ◽  
pp. 462-468
Author(s):  
Maria Josilene de Oliveira Sousa ◽  
Fernandes Antonio de Almeida ◽  
Maria Lucia Tiburtino Leite ◽  
Wéverson Lima Fonseca ◽  
Kilson Pinheiro Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Fava Bean ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Fava Beans ◽  
Cassava Wastewater ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
By Products

Fava bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.), is a rustic species and has great adaptability to arid regions of Brazil and stands out for its social importance and high levels of protein. Even so, the culture presents low productivity due to several factors, such as the quality of the seed. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the fungitoxic action of organic products, namely vinasse, cassava wastewater and agave extract, isolated and mixed, for treatment of beans seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial 8 x 2 (eight byproducts x two seed groups) with five replications. The seeds were evaluated for hysiological and sanitary quality, properly incubated in Petri plates on a triple layer of filter paper, sterilized and moistened with distilled water, where the assessments of the incidence of plant pathogens were performed after 7 days of incubation. Through the results, it is observed that the seeds of red fava bean were the most tolerant to organic products, without compromising the physiological quality. In general, the byproducts have significantly reduced the incidence of fungi identified in red and white fava bean.

scholarly journals Changes on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Conjugates Prepared by the Maillard Reaction of Black Bean Protein Isolates and Glucose with Ultrasound Pretreatment

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Jin ◽  
Qingshan Zhao ◽  
Haiying Feng ◽  
Yuxin Wang ◽  
Jubing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Maillard Reaction ◽  
Bathochromic Shift ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Black Bean ◽  
Secondary Structure Analysis ◽  
Emulsification Property ◽  
Ultrasound Pretreatment ◽  
Bean Protein

The conjugates of black bean protein isolate (BBPI) and glucose (G) were prepared via the wet heating Maillard reaction with ultrasound pretreatment. The physicochemical properties of UBBPI-G conjugates prepared by ultrasound pretreatment Maillard reaction had been compared with classical Maillard reaction (BBPI-G). The reaction rate between BBPI and glucose was speeded up by ultrasound pretreatment. A degree of glycation (DG) of 20.49 was achieved by 2 h treatment for UBBPI-G, whereas 5 h was required using the classical heating. SDS-PAGE patterns revealed that the BBPI-G conjugates with higher molecular weight were formed after glycosylation. The results of secondary structure analysis suggested that the α-helix and β-sheet content of UBBPI-G were lower than that of BBPI-G. In addition, UBBPI-G conjugates had exhibited bathochromic shift compared with BBPI by fluorescence spectroscopy analysis. Finally, UBBPI-G achieved higher level of surface hydrophobicity, solubility, emulsification property and antioxidant activity than BBPI and BBPI-G (classical Maillard reaction).

scholarly journals Mutagenesis Reveals Structure−Activity Parallels between Human A2AAdenosine Receptors and Biogenic Amine G Protein-Coupled Receptors

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (16) ◽  
pp. 2588-2595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoling Jiang ◽  
Brian X. Lee ◽  
Marc Glashofer ◽  
A. Michiel van Rhee ◽  
Kenneth A. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Biogenic Amine ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
G Protein Coupled

scholarly journals The effect of different feeds, including those containing soya-bean products, on the passage of digesta from the abomasum of the preruminant calf

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Smith ◽  
J. W. Sissons
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Bean Protein

1. The effects of various factors on rates of flow and composition of digesta leaving the abomasum of preruminant calves were studied. The possible relation of some of these effects to the development of serum antibodies to certain dietary constituents has also been examined. Two situations were distinguished: (a) unsensitized responses, shown by calves receiving milk protein or soya-bean products for the first one or two occasions; (b) sensitized responses, shown by calves receiving certain soya-bean products, after a number of these feeds had been given.2. For unsensitized calves, the rate of flow of total digesta from the abomasum was greater in the first few hours after a feed consisting of a mineral solution was given, than after cow's milk was given. This difference was apparently due to differences in the composition of digesta entering the duodenum. Total digesta flows after giving synthetic milk feeds, prepared from different protein sources, were similar to those after cow's milk was given.3. For sensitized calves, rates of flow of total digesta from the abomasum were greatly affected by the nature of the protein source used in the diet. Soya-bean flour (heated or unheated) generally caused inhibition of flow for some hours after feeding; a soya-bean protein isolate (isoelectric) had a similar but smaller effect, but a soya-bean concentrate (prepared by alcohol extraction of a soya-bean flour) and milk protein had little or no effect. The inhibition, believed to be a sign of more general disorders, appeared to be caused by a factor entering the duodenum which induced a change in the way in which the calf responded, probably as the result of a gastrointestinal allergy.4. Calves given soya-bean flour or a soya-bean protein isolate (isoelectric) in their diets for several weeks, showed respectively high and low titres of serum antibodies to an antigen prepared from soya-bean flour. Calves given alcohol-extracted soya-bean concentrate had no similar antibodies.5. In addition to variations in total digesta flow, dietary nitrogen compounds were held up in the abomasum to different extents after different feeds. After a whole-milk feed or a synthetic feed prepared from casein, a slow, steady release of N occurred over at least 9 h. N hold-up after giving soya-bean-containing feeds was slight for the soya-bean flour, but extremely marked for the soya-bean protein isolate (isoelectric). The latter hold-up was followed after several hours by a rapid outflow of N from the abomasum.

scholarly journals Factors influencing the absorption of iron from soya-bean protein products

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Derman ◽  
D. Ballot ◽  
T. H. Bothwell ◽  
B. J. Macfarlane ◽  
R. D. Baynes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Fe Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bean Protein

1. The absorption of iron from soya-bean (Glycine hispida)-based and milk-based infant formulas was assessed in 138 multiparous Indian women, using the erythrocyte utilization of radioactive Fe method.2. Fe absorption was significantly greater from the basal milk formula (1.5 g protein) than it was from the basal soya-bean formula (2.3 g protein), with geometric mean values of 0.083 and 0.044 respectively.3. Ascorbic acid markedly increased Fe absorption from the milk-based formula in a dose-dependent fashion. The increase was fivefold when the ascorbic acid: Fe ratio on a weight-for-weight basis was 6: 1 and over tenfold when it was 20:1. In contrast, ascorbic acid had a less-marked effect on the absorption of Fe from the soya-bean-based formula, with only a two- to threefold increase at an ascorbic acid: Fe ratio of 20: 1.4. The geometric mean Fe absorption from the soya-bean formula (1.27 mg Fe, 2.3 g isolated soya-bean protein (ISP)) was somewhat less than that from the same amounts of ISP and ascorbic acid made up in milk (0.075 and 0.1 13 respectively). However, a direct comparison between the soya-bean formula in milk and in water showed no significant difference (0.043 and 0.060 respectively).5. Fe absorption from a drink containing 10 g ISP and 30 mg ascorbic acid was significantly better than that from a similar drink containing the soya-bean flour from which ISP is extracted (0.044 and 0.027 respectively).6. Heating ISP to 200° for 2 h before its use had no effect on Fe availability. When 2.3 g heated ISP (10 mg ascorbic acid) was compared with a similar formulation of untreated ISP, Fe absorption values were 0.135 and 0.099 respectively. Comparable values with 25 g ISP (no ascorbic acid) were 0.067 and 0.058.7. Citric acid in amounts of 1 4 g had a dose related but limited enhancing effect on Fe absorption from 10 g ISP, with a rise from 0.01 1 (no citric acid) to 0.068 (4 g citric acid).8. There was appreciable variability in the levels of Fe absorption in different studies, which suggested that unidentified manufacturing or preparative differences might be influencing the overall results.

Off-flavour reduction in Vicia faba bean protein isolate

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schultz ◽  
K. Hoppe ◽  
H. Schmandke
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Bean Protein
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