scholarly journals Prognostic Implications of ALDH1 and Notch1 in Different Subtypes of Oral Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Silas Antonio Juvencio de Freitas Filho ◽  
Cláudia Malheiros Coutinho-Camillo ◽  
Katia Klug Oliveira ◽  
Bárbara Beltrame Bettim ◽  
Clóvis Antônio Lopes Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Basaloid Squamous

Background. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical significance and prognostic value of the immunoexpression of cancer stem cell markers, ALDH1 and Notch1, in subtypes of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods. The expression of ALDH1 and Notch1 in 63 patients with well and poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinomas and their subtypes, verrucous carcinoma and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The semi-quantitative analysis of the ALDH1 and Notch immunoexpression levels, based on the capture of 10 microscopic fields, at 400X magnification, at the invasive tumor front was performed and associated with clinicopathological variables using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. The overall and disease-free survival rates were estimated according to the Kaplan–Meier method and the curves were compared using the log-rank test. The independent effects of variables were calculated using Cox’s proportional hazards regression model. Results. Strong ALDH1 and Notch1 expression was observed in 16 (25.4%) and 27 (42.9%) oral squamous cell carcinomas including their subtypes, respectively. Most tumors with strong immunoexpression of ALDH1 were basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (56.3%). Statistically significant associations were observed between the strong immunoexpression of Notch1 in poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma with perineural infiltration ( p  = 0.011) and lymph node involvement (pN+) ( p  = 0.034). The strong immunoexpression of ALDH1 was a prognostic factor associated with worse overall survival ( p  = 0.040) for patients with oral cancer. Conclusion. The strong immunoexpression of Notch1 can contribute to identification of patients with poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma, who have perineural infiltration or lymph node metastasis. In addition, the strong immunoexpression of ALDH1 may help to identify a worse prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and their subtypes.

Immunohistochemical and oncogenetic analyses of the esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in comparison with conventional squamous cell carcinomas

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 2012-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdukadir Imamhasan ◽  
Hiroyuki Mitomi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Saito ◽  
Takuo Hayashi ◽  
Michiko Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basaloid Squamous

scholarly journals EFFECT OF QUARANTINE ON THE RATE OF DIAGNOSTICS OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
T.D. Bubliy ◽  
L.I. Voloshina ◽  
L.I. Dubovaya
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
The United States ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Family Doctors

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent manifestations of malignant tumors in the cranial and cervical regions and they cannot be frequently established until symptoms appear. So there is an urgent need to device methods for the detection of oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer at an early stage in order to improve further patients’ conditions. The whole world was suddenly affected the uncontrolled spread of the coronavirus. All spheres of life were affected, especially medicine. The strict quarantine for 2 months created problems for the patients. Patients who needed dental care they also suffered from it. Dental medical institutions provided only emergency medical care during the period of quarantine restrictions. The planned treatment was postponed until the quarantine restrictions stopped. In fact, the entire population of the country was in a state of significant psycho-emotional stress. This was combined with the state of chronic stress, and influenced the number of cancers. This trend can be traced worldwide. According to the literature, in the United States, squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity takes 3% of all cancers in men and 2% in women. The tendency of this disease in people 50 years older observed all over the world, however, the disease occurs in people aged 32-49 years. About 40% of intraoral squamous cell carcinomas begin on the floor of the mouth or on the lateral and ventral surfaces of the tongue. About 38% of all oral squamous cell carcinomas occur on the lower lip; these are usually solar-related cancers on the external surface. The symptoms of this disease in the initial stages are absolutely nonspecific. Many patients do not attach importance to them. Quarantine restrictions on the provision of advisory assistance make this problem of particular relevance. The authors of the article have determined that their goal to attract the attention of dentists and family doctors to the problem of early diagnosis of oncological diseases and oral cancer is enough important nowadays. Early, curable lesions are rarely symptomatic; thus, preventing fatal disease requires early detection by screening. The main goal for such investigations is to attract the attention of dentists and family doctors to the problem of early diagnosis of cancer, including oral cavity. The article presents the clinical characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Particularly, doctors should pay attention to the variety of symptoms characteristic of the initial period of the disease. Patients may complain of thickening of the tissues of the oral cavity, the presence of white spots, ulcerative lesions, which may be covered with plaque. Slight painful sensations are distinguished as manifestations of other diseases. Sometimes the symptoms are relieved by taking analgesics. Patients self-medicate and postpone visiting a specialized specialist for an indefinite time. This does not trouble both patients and some health workers. It should be noted that a typical symptom in the developed period is fetid odor from the mouth due to decay and infection of the tumor. Oral lesions are asymptomatic initially, highlighting the need for oral screening. Most dental professionals carefully examine the oral cavity and oropharynx during routine care and may do a brush biopsy of abnormal areas. The lesions may appear as areas of erythroplakia or leukoplakia and may be exophytic or ulcerated. Cancers are often indurated and firm with a rolled border. As the lesions increase in size, pain, dysarthria, and dysphagia may result. During the period of neglect, cancer of the oral cavity organs quickly spreads and destroys the surrounding tissues, infiltrates the floor of the oral cavity, palatine arches, pharynx, etc. To illustrate the problems outlined in the article, the authors took a clinical case that combines the problems of early diagnosis of oral cancers. It should be noted that in addition to the “inactivity” of the patient in solving problems that occurred in the oral cavity, the resolution of the situation was inhibited by the introduced quarantine measures.

Expression of PCNA, p53, Bax, and Bcl-X in oral poorly differentiated and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma: Relationships with prognosis

Head & Neck ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 982-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda C. G. Sampaio-Góes ◽  
Denise T. Oliveira ◽  
Regina G. Dorta ◽  
Suely Nonogaki ◽  
Gilles Landman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Basaloid Squamous

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx and Hypopharynx

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (12) ◽  
pp. 1024-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfio Ferlito ◽  
Alessandra Rinaldo ◽  
Giuseppe Altavilla ◽  
Claudio Doglioni
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node ◽  
Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
Basaloid Squamous

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a recently described bimorphic variant of squamous cell carcinoma with distinct morphological and biological features. We describe the clinicopathological findings, along with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigations, in 15 new cases of BSCC of the larynx or hypopharynx observed and treated at the otolaryngology department of the University of Padua between 1989 and 1995. The world literature is also reviewed in order to develop a more accurate clinicopathological profile of the tumor. Patient records and histologic slides were reviewed in all of our 15 cases. The patient group consisted of 13 men (86.67%) and 2 women with a mean age of 63.33 years (median 69 years; range 44 to 84 years). Nine patients presented with cervical lymph node metastases. Surgical treatment was the therapy of choice; radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been applied in different combinations. Follow-up was available on all 15 cases. Local recurrence was described in 3 cases. Five of the 9 patients with cervical lymph node metastases developed distant metastases. Distant spread of the tumor without lymph node involvement was observed during follow-up in 4 cases. Nine patients died of disease, 2 are alive with widespread metastases, 2 are alive with no evidence of disease, and 2 have died of other causes. The determined 5-year survival was estimated to be 17.5% by the Kaplan-Meier method. In conclusion, BSCC is a distinctive carcinoma that is important to recognize, because it has a more aggressive biological behavior than conventional squamous cell carcinoma.

Role of Clinical Palpation in Evaluation of Cervical Lymph Node in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 02-06
Author(s):  
SM Anwar Sadat ◽  
Sufia Nasrin Rita ◽  
Shoma Banik ◽  
Md Nazmul Hasan Khandker ◽  
Md Mahfuz Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node ◽  
Betel Quid ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes

A cross sectional study of 29 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma with or without  cervical lymph node metastasis was done among Bangladeshi patients from January 2006 to December 2007. Majority of the study subjects (34.5%) belonged to the age group of 40-49 years. 58.6% of the study subjects were male, while remaining 41.4% of them were female. 51.7% of the lesions were located in the alveolar ridge where the other common sites were buccal mucosa (27.6%) and retro molar area (13.8%). Half of the study subjects (51.7%) were habituated to betel quid chewing followed by 37.9% and 10.3% were habituated to smoking and betel quid-smoking respectively. Grade I lesions was most prevalent (75.9%) in the study subjects.  Majority of cases presented with Stage IV lesions (55.2%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value & accuracy of clinical palpation method for determining metastatic cervical lymph nodes were 93.33%, 64.29%, 73.68%, 90% and 79.3% respectively. Careful and repeated clinical palpation plays important role in evaluation of cervical lymph nodes though several modern techniques may help additionally in the management of oral cancer.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v1i2.13978 Update Dent. Coll. j. 2011: 1(2): 02-06

Zinc α-2 Glycoprotein (ZAG) a Novel Biomarker for the Detection of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehwish Feroz Ali
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Constant Stimulus ◽  
Dysplastic Lesion ◽  
Cancerous Lesion

Oral cancer, the most challenging and life threatening disease in the field of dentistry, may start as a reactive lesion due to constant stimulus from tobacco consumption, transform into a pre-malignant lesion (dysplastic lesion) and ultimately develop into a cancerous lesion (Invasive carcinoma). There is a fundamental revolution taking place in the analyzing methods; extraction of biological protein from the saliva rather than from tissues or blood. Several of the biomarkers have been studied with pro-carcinogenic effects like Interleukins (ILs), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and leptin, but only a few have been stated in the literature, which show anti-cancer characteristics like adiponectin and zinc alpha-2 glycoprotein. This review explored the diagnostic and prognostic values of a biomarkers zinc alpha-2 glycoprotein (ZAG) in adults suspected of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar were searched for scientific studies reported on the potential mechanism of zinc alpha-2 glycoprotein. All the research articles were selected in which ZAG is applied solely or in conjunction with other biomarkers in oral cancer and other cancers. These literatures were carefully assessed to find out and compile the diagnostic and prognostic values and to inquire therapeutic action of ZAG in the process of carcinogenesis.

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