scholarly journals Antibacterial Effects of Erbium Chromium Laser along with/without Silver Nanoparticles in Root Canals Infected by Enterococcus faecalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Sareh Hendi ◽  
Negin Amiri ◽  
Banafsheh Poormoradi ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani ◽  
Saeid Afshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Root Canal System

This study investigates the antibacterial effects of erbium chromium laser at 2780 nm, silver nanoparticles, and erbium chromium along with silver nanoparticles on Enterococcus faecalis in comparison with sodium hypochlorite. In the present study, 90 extracted human single-rooted teeth were selected and standardized to a length of 15 mm. The canals were prepared by V-taper Gold rotary files and then incubated with E. faecalis for 21 days. The samples were divided into four experimental groups including hypochlorite sodium, silver nanoparticle, erbium chromium laser, and erbium chromium laser along with silver nanoparticle groups. Results showed that there was a significant reduction in colony count for all groups after interventions. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in the colony count for sodium hypochlorite group in comparison with another groups, and this group showed the highest reduction of colony count. There was a significant difference between silver nanoparticles and erbium chromium laser groups in colony count. According to the results, the silver nanoparticles offered strong antibacterial effects on E. faecalis and therefore can decrease bacterial colonies, while the use of the laser, despite the reduction of the bacterial colony, could not be sufficiently used for disinfection of root canal system.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antibacterial Effects of Photodynamic Therapy and an Irrigation Activation System on Root Canals Infected With Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asnaashari ◽  
Niloufar Kooshki ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Salehi ◽  
Saranaz Azari-Marhabi ◽  
Hedieh Amin Moghadassi
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Activation System

Introduction: Enterococcus faecalis is a resistant bacterium which is the most abundant species in infected root canals. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a method for killing the bacteria with active Oxygen radicals generated in a photosensitizer when exposed to centralized light. Furthermore, as a new method of canal disinfection, a variety of irrigation activation systems have been introduced, one of which is GentleFile (GF) with rotary movements and spiral effects for antibacterial action. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the two mentioned methods when used with and without Sodium Hypochlorite in eliminating E. faecalis from infected root canals. Methods: Fifty-eight uniradicular teeth were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups of 14. Two specimens were selected for later scanning electron microscopy in order to screen the procedure steps. In each experimental group, 10 samples were selected to be treated with GF or PDT; 3 of them were selected as positive controls and the other one sample was chosen as a negative control. Experimental groups were as follows: (1) Irrigation activation system, (2) Irrigation activation system + sodium hypochlorite, (3) PDT, and (4) PDT+ sodium hypochlorite. The specimens were then cultured for a bacterial colony count. Results: The decrease in the bacterial count after the treatment with the irrigation activation system was 99.8% (P=0.011) and when the system was used with sodium hypochlorite, it was 100% (P=0.001). The antibacterial effect of PDT was 90.08% (P=0.011) and it was 99.7% when PDT was combined with sodium hypochlorite (P=0.011). Conclusion: All four methods can be administered as complementary methods in root canal disinfection. According to the results of disinfection in the experimental groups of current study it is concluded that integration of new technologies such as activation irrigation system or PDT in Combination with NaOCl ameliorates disinfection of root canal and can provide several advantages in the endodontic outcome.

scholarly journals Evaluation of 4% Sodium Hypochlorite in eliminating Enterococcus faecalis from the Root Canal when Used with Three Irrigation Methods: An in vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
Vinisha Pandey ◽  
Harsh Priyank ◽  
Abhishek Bagul ◽  
Kishore Kumar Majety ◽  
Parul Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Introduction Endodontic treatment removes all pathogens, such as Enterococcus faecalis from pulp and root canals. The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in removing E. faecalis from the root canal used with three different irrigation methods. Materials and methods This study was conducted on freshly extracted maxillary incisors. After biomechanical preparation, root canals were injected with E. faecalis. Three groups were made which contained 30 teeth in each group; 2 mL of NaOCl solution was used for irrigation followed by agitation with K-files in group I; 2 mL of NaOCl solution was used for irrigation and ultrasonic agitation was done in group II. In group III, an alternate irrigation with NaOCl and 3% hydrogen peroxide was done. The fourth group (control) was irrigated with sterile saline solution. E. faecalis bacteria were sampled to the root canals with paper points and were transferred to tubes that contained 5 mL of brain heart infusion broth. Tubes were incubated and the presence of broth turbidity was suggestive of bacteria remaining in the root canal. Results All three groups showed no statistically significant difference. However, difference existed between experimental groups and control groups. Conclusion The author concluded that all three methods of application of NaOCl were effective in disinfecting the root canal than the saline solution. Clinical significance No single irrigant has 100% efficiency. Thus by this study, a best irrigating solution with maximum properties can be established. How to cite this article Priyank H, Pandey V, Bagul A, Majety KK, Verma P, Choudhury BK. Evaluation of 4% Sodium Hypochlorite in eliminating Enterococcus faecalis from the Root Canal when Used with Three Irrigation Methods: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(3):214-217.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antibacterial Effects of Various Root Canal Irrigants on Enterococcus faecalis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Vinay Kumar ◽  
Veerendra Uppin ◽  
Arvind Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Root Canal Irrigants ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Aims To compare the antibacterial effects of various root canal irrigants against E.faecalis. Irrigants tested were 5.25% NaOCl, 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate, and 0.2% cetrimide individually and combined. Materials and methods Root canal preparation was performed on 120 extracted permanent maxillary central and lateral incisor teeth. Following root canal preparation, apical foramina were sealed with epoxy resin to prevent bacterial leakage. The root canals were then contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. After incubation, the contaminated roots were divided into four groups of 30 each. 2 mm of irrigant was delivered which remained in the canal for 10 minutes. The canals were then irrigated with 1 ml saline solution and with size 45 sterile paper point bacteria were sampled. The growth of E. faecalis which occurred in the tubes was inoculated onto blood agar plates. Statistical analysis Difference between the antibacterial efficacies of irrigants was evaluated statistically using chi-square test. Results There was no significant difference between the antibacterial efficacies of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate alone and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate with 0.2% cetrimide, but both had a significantly lower antibacterial effect than 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. This difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Within limitations of this study, it was concluded that the 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate had a higher antibacterial effect than 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate alone and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate with cetrimide. There was no significant difference between the antibacterial efficacies of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate alone and 0.25% chlorhexidine with certrimide.

scholarly journals Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis from Root Canals: An Ex Vivo Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru ◽  
Gisselle Moraima Chávez-Andrade ◽  
Norberto Batista de Faria-Júnior ◽  
Evandro Watanabe ◽  
Mário Tanomaru-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canal System

<p>Endodontic irrigation aims to clean and disinfect the root canal system. Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) is based on the use of an ultrasound-activated instrument into the root canal filled with irrigant. The aim of this study was to evaluate, ex vivo, the effectiveness of PUI in eliminating <italic>Enterococcus faecalis</italic> from root canals. Seventy-five extracted human single-root teeth were used. After root canal preparation, specimens were inoculated with <italic>E. faecalis</italic> and incubated at 37 °C for 21 days. Specimens were distributed into five groups (n=15), according to the irrigation method: PUI + saline solution (PUI/SS); PUI + 1% NaOCl (PUI/NaOCl); conventional needle irrigation (CNI) + saline solution (CNI/SS); CNI + 1% NaOCl (CNI/NaOCl); No irrigation (control). Microbiological samples were collected at three time points: initial (21 days after inoculation), post-irrigation (immediately after irrigation), and final (7 days after irrigation). Data were obtained in CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> and subjected to analysis by ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5% significance level. The post-irrigation samples did not demonstrate statistical difference between PUI/SS and CNI/SS nor between PUI/NaOCl and CNI/NaOCl (p>0.05), but PUI/NaOCl and CNI/NaOCl had lower CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> number than the other groups (p>0.05). Statistically significant difference was observed between the initial and post-irrigation samples and between the post-irrigation and final samples (p<0.05) in all groups, except in the control. The final samples of all groups presented bacterial counts similar to the initial samples. PUI or CNI with 1% NaOCl contribute to disinfection, but are unable to eradicate <italic>E. faecalis</italic> from the root canal system.</p>

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of anti-bacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticle, nanoparticle calcium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide against enterococcus faecalis biofilm- An In vitro study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Dr.Abirami V. ◽  
Dr.A.Shafie Ahamed ◽  
Dr.Bhavani S. ◽  
Dr.Rajaraman G.
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Antibacterial Efficacy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of silver Nanoparticles, Nanoparticle calcium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis bio film formed on root dentinThe Minimal inhibitory concentration test and Anti microbial test were conducted for silver nanoparticle, Nanoparticle calcium hydroxide. Teeth were inoculated with E.faecalis strains for 1month to establish a standard mono species bio film model. Biofilm formation is confirmed using SEM. The intracanal medicaments were placed inside the canal and colony forming units (CFU) were counted before and 7 days later the placement of the medicament.MIC for AGNP is 25µg/200µl and for NCH is 12.5µg/200µl. The Antimicrobial test conducted shows zone of inhibition about 11mm and 14mm for AGNP and NCH respectively at 500µg. The calcium hydroxides do not show any antibacterial activity at this concentration. In antibacterial efficacy test using CFU count, the AGNP and NCH shows 75% and 61% of antibacterial efficacy respectively whereas calcium hydroxide has exhibited just 11% of antibacterial efficacy. Silver Nanoparticles and nanoparticle calcium hydroxide had statistically significant difference in the reduction in the number of colonies when compared to calcium hydroxide by post hoc turkey test and p-value of <0.01 was considered as significant in this study.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Chlorhexidine, Sodium Hypochlorite, the Diode Laser and Saline in Reducing the Microbial Count in Primary Teeth Root Canals – An In Vivo Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidhi Walia ◽  
Mousumi Goswami ◽  
Shivesh Mishra ◽  
Nidhi Walia ◽  
Divya Sahay
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Root Canal System

Introduction: One of the primary goals of pulpectomy is to decrease the sum total of microorganisms and disinfect the tooth root canal system. To achieve this, mechanical preparation, irrigation, disinfection and obturation of the root canal is necessary. The present study was set out to evaluate the difference in the antibacterial efficacy of primary teeth root canals either irrigated with chlorhexidine, saline, and sodium hypochlorite or irradiated with a soft tissue diode laser (980 nm, Photon Plus, Zolar Tech & Mfg Co. Inc, Ontario, Canada). Methods: Sixty primary teeth of children requiring pulpectomy were divided into 4 groups of 15 each, group 1 (2% chlorhexidine), group 2 (1% sodium hypochlorite), group 3 (laser irradiation) and group 4 (saline). Pulp tissue was extirpated from the canals and the samples were collected using sterile absorbent paper points. After cleaning and shaping, the root canals of the teeth in each group were irrigated using sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and saline or were irradiated with the laser. The samples were obtained again and sent for microbiological examination. Results: The colony-forming unit (CFU) counts from pre-disinfection sample served as a baseline for comparisons throughout the study. The mean bacterial colony counts of all the isolated bacteria reduced after irrigation or irradiation. Intergroup comparisons showed no significant difference when groups 1, 2, and 3 were compared to each other (P>0.05). However, a significant difference was seen when groups 1, 2, 3 were compared to group 4 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Two percent chlorhexidine, 1% sodium hypochlorite and laser irradiation succeeded in reducing the root canal infection. Hence, diode laser irradiation may be a possible supplement to existing protocols for disinfecting the root canal system.

scholarly journals Silver nanoparticles with different size and shape: equal cytotoxicity, but different antibacterial effects

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. 18490-18501 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Helmlinger ◽  
C. Sengstock ◽  
C. Groß-Heitfeld ◽  
C. Mayer ◽  
T. A. Schildhauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
Dissolution Kinetics ◽  
Ultrapure Water ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Nanoparticle Morphology

The influence of silver nanoparticle morphology on their dissolution kinetics in ultrapure water as well as their biological effect on eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells was examined.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON FIXED RETAINER ADHESIVE TOWARD TREPONEMA DENTICOLA

2019 ◽  
pp. 198-200
Author(s):  
JESSICA SANTOSO ◽  
MARIA PURBIATI ◽  
KRISNAWATI .
Keyword(s):  
Test Tube ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Treponema Denticola ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Flowable Composite ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Flowable Composites

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop an antibacterial flowable composite containing silver nanoparticle (AgNP) for the prevention ofperiodontal disease in fixed retainers.Methods: About 1% AgNP was incorporated into a commercial composite (tetric flow). The experimental and control products were used to bondfixed retainers to 28 extracted mandibular first premolars. The samples were randomly divided into four groups (n=7): Premolar bonded withfiber-reinforced composites and tetric flow (F1); premolar bonded with fiber-reinforced composites and AgNP-enhanced tetric flow (F2); premolarbonded with multistranded wires (MW) and tetric flow (M1); and premolar bonded with MW and AgNP-enhanced tetric flow (M2). Each sample wassubmerged in a test tube containing bacterial Treponema denticola solution and was incubated for 24 h and 37°temperature. The bacterial colony ineach group was counted and analyzed.Results: This study showed that there was significant difference of T. denticola colony count between groups with and without AgNP-enhancedcomposites in both types of retainers.Conclusion: AgNP-enhanced flowable composites reduce the bacteria T. denticola colony count and possibly inhibit periodontal disease.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF CHLORHEXIDINE BATH, SALINE BATH, AND STANDARD BATH ON BACTERIAL COLONIZATION ON THE SKIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Divya Abraham ◽  
Vinitha Ravindran ◽  
Vinsley Rose ◽  
Joy Sarojini Michael
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Objective: The main objective of the study was to determine whether bathing with 2% chlorhexidine or 0.9% saline or standard soap and water will reduce the bacterial colony count on skin effectively.Methods: Quantitative approach with experimental design and consecutive sampling was used. The study was conducted among 102 children admitted in pediatric wards of Christian Medical College, Vellore. Swabs from axilla and groin were collected at 0 h, 2 h, and 24 h of intervention to determine the bacterial colony count in subjects.Results: The results showed that, of 102 children, 73 (71.56%) of them had high axillary colony count and 69 (67.64%) of them had high groin colony count during admission. Majority 88.2% and 78% of them had colonization with coagulase-negative staphylococcus in the axilla and groin, respectively. There was no significant difference in the bacterial colony count in axilla at 2 and 24 h in all three groups. There was a significant difference in the bacterial colony count in groin at 2 h after the intervention in the chlorhexidine group, and the difference was not significant at 24 h. The colony count was not significantly different at 2 h post-intervention in saline and standard soap and water group but was statistically different in these groups at 24 h after the intervention.Conclusion: Chlorhexidine has shown to be effective for a shorter duration and it can be adopted for children who are undergoing invasive procedures and preoperatively in surgical wards while continuing routine standard bath for all children which is considered to be cost effective too.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF DIODE LASER WHEN USED ADJUNCTIVELY WITH SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE, METHYLENE BLUE OR TOLUIDINE BLUE IN ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS CONTAMINATED ROOT CANALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
N. Shubhashini ◽  
Vinaya Kumar R ◽  
Annapoorna Kini ◽  
Swetha H.B. ◽  
Srikanth Choudhary B.S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Root Canals

AIM: To evaluate antimicrobial effect of diode laser when used adjunctively with sodium hypochlorite, methylene blue or toluidine blue in Enterococcus faecalis inoculated root canals. METHODOLOGY: 70 extracted uniradicular premolars were prepared with ProTaper files and sterilized. 5 were kept aside as negative control (G1) and the remaining 65 were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 7 days. Following this, 5 were kept as positive control (G2) and the other 60 were randomly distributed into six groups: G3, diode laser irradiation (1.5W) with sodium hypochlorite; G4, diode laser (3W) with sodium hypochlorite; G5, diode laser (1.5W) with methylene blue; G6, diode laser (3W) with methylene blue; G7, diode laser (1.5W) with toluidine blue; G8, diode laser (3W) with toluidine blue. Subsequently, turbidity was assessed and CFU count determined following intracanal sampling and plating. RESULTS: G4 exhibited significantly lower mean CFUs/mL (P˂0.001) among the experimental groups. G4 demonstrated the most (98.8%) while G7 exhibited the least antibacterial effect (28.66%). Highest turbidity was observed in G5 (0.1310) while the lowest was noted in G4 (0.0287). CONCLUSION: Diode laser used adjunctively with sodium hypochlorite exhibited superior antibacterial efficacy when compared to its use with photosensitizer dyes like methylene blue and toluidine blue.

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