scholarly journals Metabolite Characteristics in Tongue Coating from Damp Phlegm Pattern in Patients with Gastric Precancerous Lesion

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Yifeng Xu ◽  
Renling Zhang ◽  
Robert Morris ◽  
Feng Cheng ◽  
Yiqin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Metabolic Change ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Abnormal Expression ◽  
Synthesis Stage ◽  
Tof Ms

Objective. In this study, we analyzed the metabolite profile of the tongue coating of patients having gastric precancerous lesion (GPL) with damp phlegm pattern and proposed a mechanism of pathological transition. Methods. The changes in tongue-coating metabolites in patients with GPL damp phlegm pattern were analyzed using GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-QE-MS metabolomics methods. Results. When compared with 20 patients who did not exhibit a nondamp phlegm pattern, 12 metabolites were highly expressed and 10 metabolites were under expressed in 40 cases of damp phlegm pattern, of which involved 9 metabolic pathways. Compared with 15 healthy people, 134 metabolites were upregulated and 3 metabolites were downregulated in 40 cases exhibiting a damp phlegm pattern, of which involved 17 metabolic pathways. The patients with damp phlegm pattern were compared with nondamp phlegm pattern patients and healthy people, the main differential metabolites were primarily lipids and lipid-like molecules, and the main differential metabolic pathways were related to glycerophospholipid metabolism. In the glycerophospholipid metabolism, the metabolites with changes were phosphatidylethanolamine and lysoPC(18 : 1 (9z)). Among them, phosphatidylethanolamine exists in the synthesis stage of glycerophospholipid metabolism.Conclusions. Abnormal expression of lipids and lipid-like molecules, as the major metabolic change, was involved in the formation of GPL patients with damp phlegm pattern.

scholarly journals The Abnormal Metabolites in Tongue Coating of Chronic Gastritis Patients Reflect the Changes in Indexes of Gastroscopic Observation and Gastric Mucosal Pathology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifeng Xu ◽  
Renling Zhang ◽  
Junhong Lu ◽  
Zhujing Zhu ◽  
Yiqin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Azelaic Acid ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Nervonic Acid ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Pathological Stages ◽  
Tetracosanoic Acid

Abstract ObjectiveIn this study, we analyzed the correlation between different metabolites in the tongue coating of patients with chronic gastritis, gastroscopy and pathological indexes, and discussed the metabolic mechanism at different pathological stages in the development of chronic gastritis.MethodsWe used GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-QE-MS metabonomics to detect the distribution of metabolites in the tongue coating of patients with chronic gastritis, and analyzed the correlation between different metabolites in the tongue coating of patients with chronic gastritis and gastroscopy and pathological indexes.ResultsCompared with 50 healthy people, 54 metabolites were upregulated and 47 metabolites were downregulated in 350 patients with chronic gastritis. The main differential metabolites were Lipids and lipid-like molecules, which contain 47 metabolites. The best diagnostic model was composed of 5 metabolites, with an accuracy of 95.4%, a specificity of 87.4% and a sensitivity of 88.0%. These 5 metabolites were 1-methyladenosine, Sphinganine 1-phosphate, 3-Hydroxycapric acid, 4-Ipomeanol, and Nervonic acid. Compared with healthy people, Sphinganine 1-phosphate, 4-Ipomeanol, and Nervonic acid were significantly upregulated in chronic gastritis patients, and 1-methyladenosine and 3-Hydroxycapric acid were significantly downregulated in chronic gastritis patients. After correlation analysis between differential metabolites in tongue coatings and gastroscopic indexes, we found that Trimethylaminoacetone, Sphinganine1-phosphate, alpha-Carboxy-delta-decalactone, and 5,6-Dihydroxyindole were positively correlated with intestinal metaplasia. Conduritol-beta-expoxide, Tetracosanoic acid, Lactosylceramide(d18:1/26:0), Chondrillasterol 3-[glucosyl-(1->4)-glucoside], Azelaic acid, and 1-Methyladenosine were negatively correlated with intestinal metaplasia. Sphinganine1-phosphate, alpha-Carboxy-delta-decalactone, and 5,6-Dihydroxyindole were positively correlated with atrophic. Octadecanol, conduritol-beta-expoxide, Tetracosanoic acid, Smilanippin A, Lactosylceramide(d18:1/26:0), Chondrillasterol 3-[glucosyl-(1->4)-glucoside], and Azelaic acid were negatively correlated with atrophic. 6-deoxyglucitol was negatively correlated with bile reflux, methylmaleic acid, 4-methylcatechol, and 2,4-dichloro-1-(2-chloroethenyl)-benzene were negatively correlated with Hp, 3-benzoyloxy-11-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid was negatively correlated with gastric mucosal erosion. From the change trend of different metabolites in different pathological stages, we found that the content of conduritol-beta-expoxide decreased significantly in mild atrophic compared with moderate atrophic and the content of conduritol-beta-expoxide decreased significantly in mild intestinal metaplasia compared with moderate intestinal metaplasia.ConclusionsWe found that Lipids and lipid-like molecules were the main abnormal metabolites in patients with chronic gastritis. Among them, Sphinganine 1-phosphate, which was significantly positively correlated with the aggravation of atrophic and intestinal metaplasia, could be used as one of the diagnostic model markers for chronic gastritis. Additionally, the amount of conduritol-beta-expoxide significantly decreased with the aggravation of atrophic and intestinal metaplasia. We believe that these differential markers in tongue coating may help us to establish a noninvasive and convenient auxiliary detection method for gastritis and gastric precancerous lesion in the future.

scholarly journals Identification of Indicators for Preterm Birth Using Retinoid Metabolites

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Young-Ah You ◽  
Soo-Yeon Hwang ◽  
Soo-Min Kim ◽  
Seojeong Park ◽  
Ga-In Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Retinoid Metabolism ◽  
Retinol Metabolism ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Tof Ms

Metabolites reflect the biochemical dynamics for the maintenance of pregnancy and parturition. UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and LC-MS/MS metabolomics were performed to identify and validate the plasma metabolomic signatures of preterm birth (PTB). We recruited pregnant women between 16 and 40 weeks 5 days gestational age at Ewha Womans Mokdong Hospital for a nested case-control study. In untargeted UPLC-Q/TOF-MS, score plots of partial least-squares discriminant analysis clearly separated the PTB group from the term birth (TB, n = 10; PTB, n = 11). Fifteen metabolites were significantly different between the two groups, as indicated by a variable importance in projection >1 and p < 0.05. Metabolic pathways involving retinol, linoleic acid, D-arginine, and D-ornithine were associated with PTB. Verification by LC-MS/MS focused on retinol metabolism (TB, n = 39; PTB, n = 20). Retinol levels were significantly reduced in PTB compared to TB, while retinal palmitate, all-trans-retinal, and 13-cis-retinoic acid (13cis-RA) significantly increased (p < 0.05). Retinol-binding protein levels were also elevated in PTB. Additionally, all-trans-retinal (AUC 0.808, 95% CI: 0.683–0.933) and 13cis-RA (AUC 0.826, 95% CI: 0.723–0.930) showed improved predictions for PTB-related retinol metabolites. This study suggests that retinoid metabolism improves the accuracy of PTB predictions and plays an important role in maintaining pregnancy and inducing early parturition.

scholarly journals Dynamic alteration in the gut microbiota and metabolome during the pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peifeng Xie ◽  
Chengjun Hu ◽  
Qinghua He ◽  
Qian Zhu ◽  
Xiangfeng Kong
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Glutamate Metabolism ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Dynamic Alteration ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background Gut microbiota and their metabolites were associated with obesity. Our previous study showed that maternal body fat percentage increased from days 45 to 110 of gestation in a Huanjiang mini-pig model. Thus, 16S rRNA sequencing and metabonomic techniques were used to investigate the changes of maternal gut microbiota composition and microbial metabolite profile from days 45 to 110 of gestation. Results The abundances of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Romboutsia, Turicibacter, and Streptococcus in jejunum contents were higher in day 110 than those in day 45 or 75 of gestation. In ileum, the abundance of Streptococcus was the highest (P < 0.05) at day 110 of gestation, as well as the metabolism function of jejunal and ileal microbiota. The ileal butyrate and acetate concentrations were the highest at day 45 and day 110 of gestation, respectively. In colon, the concentrations of cadaverine and spermine were the highest (P < 0.05) at days 45 and 110 of gestation, respectively. Metabonomic analysis demonstrated that metabolic pathways including glutamine and glutamate metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism changed during gestation. Conclusions Microbiota composition and metabolites changed dramatically from the early to the late pregnancy, which might be associated with the maternal fat accumulation.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Toxicity Induced by Psoraleae Fructus in Rats Using Untargeted Metabonomic Method Based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Xu ◽  
Yiwei Zhao ◽  
Jiabin Xie ◽  
Xue Sheng ◽  
Yubo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kidney Toxicity ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Tof Ms

Psoraleae Fructus is the dry and mature fruit of leguminous plant Psoralea corylifolia L., with the activity of warming kidney and enhancing yang, warming spleen, and other effects. However, large doses can cause liver and kidney toxicity. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the toxicity of Psoraleae Fructus systematically. Although traditional biochemical indicators and pathological tests have been used to evaluate the safety of drug, these methods lack sensitivity and specificity, so a fast and sensitive analytical method is urgently needed. In this study, an ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) method was used to analyze the metabolic profiles of rat plasma. The changes of metabolites in plasma samples were detected by partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Compared with the control group, after 7 days of administration, the pathological sections showed liver and kidney toxicity, and the metabolic trend was changed. Finally, 13 potential biomarkers related to the toxicity of Psoraleae Fructus were screened. The metabolic pathways involved were glycerol phospholipids metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and so forth. The discovery of these biomarkers laid a foundation for better explaining the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of Psoraleae Fructus and provided a guarantee for its safety evaluation.

scholarly journals A Serum Metabolic Profiling Analysis During the Formation of Fatty Liver in Landes Geese via GC-TOF/MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Gong ◽  
Wentao Lyu ◽  
Xingfen Shi ◽  
Xiaoting Zou ◽  
Lizhi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Similar Weight ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Landes Geese ◽  
Tof Ms

During the process of fatty liver production by overfeeding, the levels of endogenous metabolites in the serum of geese would change dramatically. This study investigated the effects of overfeeding on serum metabolism of Landes geese and the underlying mechanisms using a metabolomics approach. Sixty Landes geese of the same age were randomly divided into the following three groups with 20 replicates in each group: D0 group (free from gavage); D7 group (overfeeding for 7 days); D25 group (overfeeding for 25 days). At the end of the experiment, 10 geese of similar weight from each group were selected for slaughter and sampling. The results showed that overfeeding significantly increased the body weight and the liver weight of geese. Serum enzymatic activities and serum lipid levels were significantly enhanced following overfeeding. Gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) was employed to explore the serum metabolic patterns, and to identify potential contributors to the formation of fatty liver and the correlated metabolic pathways. Relative to overfeeding for 7 days, a large number of endogenous molecules in serum of geese overfed for 25 days were altered. Continuous elevated levels of pyruvic acid, alanine, proline and beta-glycerophosphoric acid and reduced lactic acid level were observed in the serum of overfed geese. Pathway exploration found that the most of significantly different metabolites were involved in amino acids, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The present study exhibited the efficient capability of Landes geese to produce fatty liver, identified potential biomarkers and disturbed metabolic pathways in liver steatosis. These findings might reveal the underlying mechanisms of fatty liver formation and provide some theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.

scholarly journals Distinguishing NASH Histological Severity Using a Multiplatform Metabolomics Approach

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
George N. Ioannou ◽  
G. A. Nagana Gowda ◽  
Danijel Djukovic ◽  
Daniel Raftery
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Early Fibrosis ◽  
Analytical Platforms

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is categorized based on histological severity into nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We used a multiplatform metabolomics approach to identify metabolite markers and metabolic pathways that distinguish NAFL from early NASH and advanced NASH. We analyzed fasting serum samples from 57 prospectively-recruited patients with histologically-proven NAFLD, including 12 with NAFL, 31 with early NASH and 14 with advanced NASH. Metabolite profiling was performed using a combination of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analyzed with multivariate statistical and pathway analysis tools. We targeted 237 metabolites of which 158 were quantified. Multivariate analysis uncovered metabolite profile clusters for patients with NAFL, early NASH, and advanced NASH. Also, multiple individual metabolites were associated with histological severity, most notably spermidine which was more than 2-fold lower in advanced fibrosis vs. early fibrosis, in advanced NASH vs. NAFL and in advanced NASH vs. early NASH, suggesting that spermidine exercises a protective effect against development of fibrosing NASH. Furthermore, the results also showed metabolic pathway perturbations between early-NASH and advanced-NASH. In conclusion, using a combination of two reliable analytical platforms (LC-MS and NMR spectroscopy) we identified individual metabolites, metabolite clusters and metabolic pathways that were significantly different between NAFL, early-NASH, and advanced-NASH. These differences provide mechanistic insights as well as potentially important metabolic biomarker candidates that may noninvasively distinguish patients with NAFL, early-NASH, and advanced-NASH. The associations of spermidine levels with less advanced histology merit further assessment of the potential protective effects of spermidine in NAFLD.

scholarly journals Metabolite Profiling and Distribution of Militarine in Rats Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limin Li ◽  
Bin Hao ◽  
Yulong Zhang ◽  
Shen Ji ◽  
Guixin Chou
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Bletilla Striata ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Benzyl Esters ◽  
Tof Ms ◽  
New Metabolites

Militarine, a natural glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalate, isolated from Bletilla striata, was reported with a prominent neuroprotective effect recently. The limited information on the metabolism of militarine impedes comprehension of its biological actions and pharmacology. This study aimed to investigate the metabolite profile and the distribution of militarine in vivo, which help to clarify the action mechanism further. A total of 71 metabolites (57 new metabolites) in rats were identified with a systematic method by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). The proposed metabolic pathways of militarine include hydrolyzation, oxidation, glycosylation, esterification, sulfation, glucuronidation and glycine conjugation. Militarine and its metabolites were distributed extensively in the treated rats. Notably, six metabolites of militarine were identified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which were highly consistent with the metabolites after oral administration of gastrodin in rats. Among the metabolites in CSF, five of them were not reported before. It is the first systematic metabolic study of militarine in vivo, which is very helpful for better comprehension of the functions and the central nervous system (CNS) bioactivities of militarine. The findings will also provide an essential reference for the metabolism of other glucosylated benzyl esters of succinic, malic, tartaric and citric acids.

scholarly journals Investigation of the metabolic difference between ST-elevated myocardial infarction and non-ST-elevated myocardial infarction via LC/Q-TOF/MS/MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulsah Gundogdu ◽  
Fatma Demirkaya Miloglu ◽  
Onur Senol ◽  
Yavuzer Koza ◽  
Fuat Gundogdu
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Acid Succinate ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Tof Ms

Abstract Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a clinical condition caused by a disturbance in myocardial blood flow. ACS can be basically divided into two forms: ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) due to complete occlusion of the coronary artery and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) due to partial occlusion of the coronary artery. In this study, we aimed to monitor the metabolite profile of STEMI and NSTEMI patients and compare the results via untargeted metabolomics approach. Serum samples were collected from STEMI and NSTEMI patients, and each group consists of 20 participants. Extraction was achieved by acetonitrile, and chromatographic separation was performed by LC/Q-TOF/MS/MS accompanied with dual AJS ESI positive ion mode. METLIN, MATLAB 2017a-PLS Toolbox7.2, and Human Metabolome Database were utilized for bioinformatics evaluation of obtained findings. In our results, 203 m/z ratio was detected and 163 m/z ratio passed the significance criteria (fold analysis > 1.5 and p < 0.05). Twenty-five metabolites including BCAAs, LysoPC species, lactic acid, succinate, malonic acid, maleic acid, butyric acid, carnitine, and betaine were identified. In conclusion, new biomarker candidates were identified to differentiate the diagnosis of STEMI and NSTEMI. Identified metabolites are indicative of alterations in oxidative stress, hypoxia, TCA cycle, and amino acid metabolism.

29 PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF CLONED TERM PLACENTA DERIVED FROM SOMATIC CELL NUCLEAR TRANSFER CATS

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
J. I. Bang ◽  
D. W. Bae ◽  
Y. S. Kwon ◽  
S. J. Cho ◽  
G. K. Deb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Term Placenta ◽  
Abnormal Expression ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Telomere Loss ◽  
Tof Ms

The normal placenta formation and development affect subsequent survival and development of fetus. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is still associated with functional and structural abnormalities of placentation in cloned pregnancy. Moreover, the molecular basis of placenta derived from cloned embryos is poorly understood. To determine the abnormal expression of proteins of cloned term placenta (CTP; n = 3) compared with control placenta (n = 3), a proteomic analysis was performed using 2-DE, MALDI-TOF MS, and MALDI-TOF/TOF MS/MS. The cloned kittens were killed 1 month after Caesarean section. The results showed that 42 proteins were significantly up/down expressed in the CTP (P < 0.05). In CTP, thirty proteins were up-regulated, such as apoptosis-related cathepsin D (CD), annexin A1, and heat shock protein 27, and 12 proteins were down-regulated, such as prohibitin (PHB). Abnormal expression of CD and PHB may be related to induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in promoted cellular senescence and apoptosis. The expression patterns of CD and PHB were validated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay. Additionally, we also confirmed the abnormal expression of SOD (up-regulated) and CAT (down-regulated) enzymes in the CTP. Increased generation of ROS in the CTP was related to decreased mitochondrial membrane potential as detected in placenta tissues by MitoTracker green FM (MTG; 1 μM, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). ROS-induced mitochondrial damage accelerated telomere loss [as detected by IQ-fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)] compared with control. ROS is an important modulator of telomere loss and that telomere-driven cellular senescence is primarily a stress responsive. Thus, the data suggest that combined abnormal proteins expression were associated with hindered development of cloned placenta and viability of fetus. Therefore, if we can solve this problem, the efficiency of SCNT and transgenic cat production will be increased, which in turn, may be applied as a potential means of restoration of endangered animals. This work was partly supported by the BK21 program and the KOSEF (10525010001–05N2501–00110).

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