scholarly journals Gender Differences in Sleep and Mental Health among Saudi Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mamoun Rajab ◽  
Tawfik Mamoun Rajab ◽  
Amjad Chamsi Basha ◽  
Abdullah Murhaf Al-Khani ◽  
Mohamed Abdelghafour Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Severe Stress ◽  
School Students ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Scale

Among adolescents, mental health issues (i.e., stress and depressive symptoms) negatively affect sleep. We assessed whether the association between mental health and sleep varied between genders among Saudi adolescents. A total of 2206 school students (grades 7-12) from 40 randomly selected schools in four cities of Al-Qassim province in Saudi Arabia participated in this cross-sectional study. The survey assessed demography, lifestyle, sleep (12-item Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale), depression (Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21)) and stress (10-item Perceived Stress Scale). Adjusted associations with sleep were tested with linear and logistic regressions. Of the sample, 55% were girls, and their average sleep score was lower than that of the boys (58.7 vs. 63.4, p < 0.001 ). Girls had worse mental health than boys; the proportion of girls with both severe stress and severe depressive symptoms was three times higher than that of the boys (12% vs. 4%, p < 0.001 ). For both boys and girls, those with severe depressive symptoms only or both severe depressive symptoms and severe stress had significantly lower sleep scores than those who had neither of the two conditions (reference group). On the other hand, among those who had severe stress only, the sleep score was significantly lower for the girls ( p = 0.002 ) than for the boys ( p = 0.19 ). Overall, girls had a significantly lower sleep score and worse mental health than boys. The association between mental health and sleep significantly differed between the sexes. Severe stress was negatively associated with sleep in girls but not in boys.

scholarly journals Association between Mental Health Knowledge Level and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1850
Author(s):  
Shuo Cheng ◽  
Di An ◽  
Zhiying Yao ◽  
Jenny Jing-Wen Liu ◽  
Xuan Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Mental Health Knowledge

This study aimed to explore the association between mental health knowledge level and the prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese college students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in six universities in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, and a total of 600 college students were recruited to self-complete a series of questionnaires. The Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire (MHKQ) was used to investigate the level of mental health knowledge. Depressive symptoms were investigated with the depression subscale of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms among college students was 31.2%. Compared with MHKQ scoring in the 1st quartile, college students with MHKQ scoring in the 3rd quartile and in the 4th quartile reported lower levels of depressive symptoms after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Since mental health knowledge level was related to depressive symptoms among college students, increased efforts to promote the level of mental health knowledge in Chinese college students are critical.

scholarly journals Effect of Broken Home (Household Crisis) on Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (Dass 42) in Students of Sma X Lumajang

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
NOER KUMALA INDAHSARI ◽  
RIZKI AMALIA MEGA FITRIANI
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
School Students ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Broken Homes ◽  
Broken Home

Abstract: Background : Children or teenagers who are facing Broken homes in their master person directly or indirectly can have an impact on mental health disorders, namely stress, anxiety, and depression, which adversely affect children.  This condition can be said to be a trigger and can make the child moody, sad or long because both parents are divorced. The cause of broken homes is due to several factors, namely: the factor of divorced parents, ugliness, economic period, busy period, and the last is the period of education. Method: This study is a type of observational analytic research with the design of cross-sectional study research and the taking until this research using the method of probability sampling that is random, to find out the level of Broken Home aam this study using a questionnaire made by the research-based on various sources obtained and for stress, anxiety, and depression itself using the questionnaire Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 42). Result : From the results of the following research can be drawn the doubt that a broken home does not significantly cause high school students in this study to experience stress and anxiety. However, it is known that it can cause depression in high school students in this study significantly. Conclusion: the broken home did not significantly cause high school students to experience stress and anxiety but it can cause depression in high school students is significantly

scholarly journals Prevalence and relationship between burnout and depression in our future doctors: a cross-sectional study in a cohort of preclinical and clinical medical students in Ireland

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e023297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orla Fitzpatrick ◽  
Regien Biesma ◽  
Ronán M Conroy ◽  
Alice McGarvey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Student Survey ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Willingness To Use

ObjectivesThis cross-sectional study was designed to measure burnout and its impact on risk of depression in a medical student population, comparing the preclinical and clinical years.DesignWe conducted a survey of 269 medical school students in both preclinical and clinical years at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, using the Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (BDI-FS), the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey and items assessing willingness to use mental health services. Burnout scores were calibrated to probability of depression caseness and classified as low risk (<25%), intermediate (25%–50%) and high risk (>50%) of depression.ResultsThere was a 39% (95% CI 33% to 45%) prevalence of depressive caseness based on a score of ≥6 on the BDI-FS. Prevalence did not vary significantly between clinical and preclinical years. The rate of burnout varied significantly between years (p=0.032), with 35% in the high-burnout category in clinical years compared with 26% in preclinical years. Those in the low burnout category had a 13% overall prevalence of depressive symptoms, those in the intermediate category had a 38% prevalence and those in the high category had a 66% prevalence of depressive symptoms. Increasing emotional exhaustion (OR for one—tertile increase in score 2.0, p=0.011) and decreasing academic efficacy (OR 2.1, p=0.007) increased the odds of being unwilling to seek help for mental health problems (11%).ConclusionWhile previous studies have reported significant levels of burnout and depression, our method of calibrating burnout against depression allows burnout scores to be interpreted in terms of their impact on mental health. The high prevalences, in line with previous research, point to an urgent need to rethink the psychological pressures of health professions education.

scholarly journals Psychosocial health of school-aged children during the initial COVID-19 safer-at-home school mandates in Florida: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. McKune ◽  
Daniel Acosta ◽  
Nick Diaz ◽  
Kaitlin Brittain ◽  
Diana Joyce- Beaulieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Home School ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
K 12 ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Given the emerging literature regarding the impacts of lockdown measures on mental health, this study aims to describe the psychosocial health of school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 Safer-at-Home School mandates. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 (n = 280) among K-12 students at a research school in North Central Florida. Bivariate analysis and logistic and multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine socio-demographic and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) predictors of indicators of anxiety-related, depressive, and obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)-related symptoms. Outcomes (anxiety, OCD, and depressive related symptoms) were measured by indices generated based on reported symptoms associated with each psychosocial outcome. Results Loss of household income was associated with increased risk for all three index-based outcomes: depressive symptoms [aOR = 3.130, 95% CI = (1.41–6.97)], anxiety-related symptoms [aOR = 2.531, 95%CI = (1.154–5.551)], and OCD-related symptoms [aOR = 2.90, 95%CI = (1.32–6.36)]. Being female was associated with being at higher risk for depressive symptoms [aOR = 1.72, 95% CI = (1.02–2.93)], anxiety-related symptoms [aOR = 1.75, 95% CI = (1.04–2.97)], and OCD-related symptoms [aOR = 1.764, 95%CI = (1.027–3.028)]. Parental practices protective against COVID-19 were associated with children being at higher risk of depressive symptoms [aOR = 1.55, 95% CI = (1.04–2.31)]. Lower school level was associated with children being at higher risk of anxiety-related and OCD-related symptoms. Conclusions As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, schools should prioritize mental health interventions that target younger, female students, and children of families with income loss. Limiting the spread of COVID-19 through school closure may exacerbate negative psychosocial health outcomes in children, thus school administrators should move quickly to target those at greatest risk.

scholarly journals Attitude toward Aging Mediates the Relationship between Personality and Mental Health in Older Adults

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Teshome Sirak Bedaso ◽  
Buxin Han
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Mediator ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to examine attitude toward aging as a potential mediator of the relationship between personality factors and mental health in terms of depression and life satisfaction among older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 438 Ethiopian elderly individuals aged 60 to 69. The results of the regression-based path analysis showed that after adjusting for demographic data, the relationship between agreeableness and depression in older adults was partially mediated by attitude toward aging. Likewise, attitude toward physical change due to aging and psychological growth subscales jointly mediated the correlation between neuroticism and depression. However, a significant direct path between neuroticism and depression persisted. On the contrary, openness had no significant direct association with depression apart from an indirect through psychosocial loss. The link between life satisfaction and agreeableness as well as openness to experience were partially mediated by psychosocial loss. Therefore, a person’s attitude toward aging and personality characteristics should be taken into consideration while designing interventions for managing mental health issues among older adults.

scholarly journals The Influence of Technology on Mental Well-Being of STEM Teachers at University Level: COVID-19 as a Stressor

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9605
Author(s):  
Johanna Andrea Navarro-Espinosa ◽  
Manuel Vaquero-Abellán ◽  
Alberto-Jesús Perea-Moreno ◽  
Gerardo Pedrós-Pérez ◽  
Pilar Aparicio-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Mental Well Being

Stress can result in psychopathologies, such as anxiety or depression, when this risk factor continues in time. One major stressor was the COVID-19 pandemic, which triggered considerable emotional distress and mental health issues among different workers, including teachers, with another stressor: technology and online education. A mixed-method approach is presented in this research, combining a cross-sectional study of university teachers from Ecuador and Spain with a medium of twenty years of working experience (N = 55) and a bibliometric analysis carried out in three databases (161 documents). The levels of anxiety and depression, and therefore the risk of developing them as mental disorders, were high. The lack of training (p < 0.01), time (p < 0.05), or research regarding the use of technology in education (p < 0.01) and stress caused by COVID-19 (p < 0.001) were linked to frequency. The most relevant observational study obtained through the bibliometric analysis (138 citations and over 65% of methodological quality) indicated that previous training and behavioral factors are key in the stress related to technology. The combination of the results indicated that mental health in STEM teachers at university is related to diverse factors, from training to the family and working balance.

Influence of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Nurses dealing with COVID-19 Patients (A Study on Nurses within Karachi)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1204
Author(s):  
U. Amen ◽  
Z. Rajwani ◽  
U. Sumayya ◽  
R. Haroon ◽  
N. Mushtaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Background: Globally Corona virus (COVID-19) has become a huge challenge for all of the population. In South Asia, country Pakistan city Karachi the 1st case of this breakdown was identified on 26th February 2020 (Waris et al., 2020). This disease has developed psychological distress among all the population. COVID virus is one of the leading threats to all the healthcare organizations and due to increase rate of patients day by day, it has given enormous burden to all healthcare workers especially nurses the front line fighters who are always ready to give care towards the patient whom they encountered so it’s very crucial part to assess the impact of COVID -19 on the mental health of the nurses. Objective: The objective of the study is to identify the frequency level of stress, anxiety and depression among nurses while dealing with those patients who were admitted in various hospitals in Karachi for treatment of COVID-19. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 20th November to 31st December 2020 from different hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. Those Registered nurses who were assigned in isolation ward of Covid-19 were the part of the study. For data collection survey form was designed based on Depression Anxiety Stress scale (DASS-21) scale (Lovibond & Lovibond 1995). Results: The total mean score of depression among nurses was 50 (68%), Anxiety was 32 (43%) and stress was 34 (46%). 50 nurses suffered from moderate depression, 24 nurses reported from extremely severe anxiety and 50 nurses suffered from moderate stress level. From 74 participants 41(55.4%) were females and 33 (44.6%) were males. Furthermore, it shows that 25 (76%) males and 25 (61%) females suffered from moderate depression, 32 nurses 14 (42%) male and 18(43.90%) females reported from extremely severe anxiety. Conclusion: This pandemic is highly complex, contagious and vulnerable. The study results portrait that nurses working with COVID-19 patients have affected a lot of various psychological distress such as anxiety, stress, and depression. It is very vital for higher management to take major steps and take preventive intervention which would be beneficial towards their mental health in decreasing negative psychological outcomes, because they all are working under pressure environment. Key Words: Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Pandemic, Registered Nurse

Mental Health Literacy in Iranian Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1551-1556
Author(s):  
Arezoo . ◽  
Behbood . ◽  
Alireza . ◽  
Salehi . ◽  
Hossein . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Illiteracy

Background: Mental health literacy (MHL) is a relatively ignored determinant of community mental health in Iran, in which its level and determinants should be addressed. Aim: To investigate MHL and its components among Iranian adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. After multistage cluster random sampling, 500 high school students were enrolled. Previously validated Persian version of theMHL Scale (MHLS) was used for data collection. In addition, data on socio-demographic variables were also collected. Adolescents with an MHL score of less than 60% of the achievable score were considered as at-risk of mental health illiteracy. Relevant statistical analyses were used to determine the MHL level and its association with sociodemographic variables. Results: Overall prevalence of being at-risk of mental health illiteracy was estimated at 71.5 % (95% CI: 67.1, 75.6). Prevalence of being at-risk of stigmatization, inadequate self-help knowledge, and information seeking was 91.2 (95% CI: 88.3, 93.7), 60.3 (95% CI: 59.8, 60.8), and 36.6 (95% CI: 36.1, 37.1), respectively. Having religious beliefs was associated with the stigmatization component (adjusted OR= 2.66, 95% CI: 1.27-5.59). Conclusions: Prevalence of being at-risk of mental health illiteracy is high among Iranian adolescents. Mental disorders are highly stigmatized in Iran. Keywords: Mental Health Literacy, Health Literacy, Adolescent, Iran, Mental Disorder

scholarly journals Mental Health Issues in Japanese Workers

AAOHN Journal ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 519-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuko Nishisaka ◽  
Takesumi Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Workers ◽  
Part Time

In this cross sectional study conducted in one city in Japan, psychiatrists were asked to answer self administered questionnaires related to their patients' vital status, constituent family members, employment status, financial support from family, emotional support from family, present state of mental condition, and steps used to help them return to society. The focus of the study was to identify and understand the needs of Japanese workers with mental health problems, and to relate the findings to implications for the workplace. Of the 1,283 male patients reported on in the survey, the greatest proportion (45.1%) suffered from schizophrenia, with the prevalence of this serious illness decreasing with age. One half of the total group worked full or part time, with highest rates of employment among those in their 40s and 50s. The most common jobs were simple physical work or assembly. Workers older than 40 years also were more likely to be responsible for financial support of their families. It is suggested that the occupational health nurse has an important role in providing interventions to help these workers remain productive in the workplace, and thus in society.

Acculturation, Social Support and Mental Health Outcomes among Syrian Refugees in Germany

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Green ◽  
Elizabeth King ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
German Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Syrian refugees in Germany number around 700,000 and they are managing acculturation and mental health issues. In May–July 2018, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among 97 Syrian refugees in Germany using measures of acculturation, social support, depressive symptoms and wellbeing. We ran linear-regression models and created an interaction term of two aspects of acculturation, focused on the outcomes of depressive symptoms and wellbeing, along with the possible moderation of social support. Affiliation with German culture was positively associated with wellbeing. More acculturation to German culture may promote positive mental health. Higher levels of social support were associated with lower levels of wellbeing and higher levels of depressive symptoms; this could reflect reverse causality or more connections with those back home. This study provides insight into acculturation and mental health among a significant refugee population in Germany.

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