scholarly journals An In Vitro Assessment of the Acid Resistance Characteristics of Nanohydroxyapatite/Silica Biocomposite Synthesized Using Mechanochemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sandile Cromwell Mkhize ◽  
Stanley Chibuzor Onwubu ◽  
Mbuso Mlambo ◽  
Phumlane Selby Mdluli
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanochemical Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Bovine Enamel

This paper reports on the in vitro assessment of the acid resistance characteristics of mesoporous silica/nanohydroxyapatite (MSN@nHAp) biocomposite synthesized through the mechanochemical method. Bovine enamel models were used to study the acid resistance characteristics of the composite ( n = 5 ). X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface morphology of the MSN@nHAp. The XRD and FTIR results confirmed the successful syntheses and surface modification of nanohydroxyapatite with silica. The MSN@nHAp exhibits superior acid resistance characteristics. The salient aspect of this study suggests that mechanochemistry is a useful technique in the synthesis and surface modification of valuable biomaterials. The study concludes that the MSN@nHAp composite could be utilised in toothpaste formulation for oral healthcare management due to its acid resistance properties.

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Magnesium Doped Hydroxyapatite: Powder Characterization

2013 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharifah Adzila ◽  
Singh Ramesh ◽  
Iis Sopyan ◽  
C.Y. Tan ◽  
Mohd. Hamdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Present Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanochemical Method ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Powder ◽  
Powder Properties ◽  
Mg Doped

In this study, the mechanochemical method was employed to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HA) and magnesium (Mg) doped hydroxyapatite (HA) powders. The effect of Mg2+ into the synthesized HA powder properties were investigated. Characterization of the synthesized HA and Mg doped HA at various concentrations (1% - 5% MgHA) were accomplished through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses. nanosize of HA and Mg doped HA powders were successfully synthesized through the present method as indicated from the different peaks intensity and adsorption bands obtained in XRD pattern and FTIR respectively.

scholarly journals An investigation in the remineralization and acid resistant characteristics of nanohydroxyapatite produced from eggshell waste via mechanochemistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 228080002096835
Author(s):  
Stanley Chibuzor Onwubu ◽  
Deneshree Naidoo ◽  
Sandile Cromwell Mkhize ◽  
Ntokozo Lihlithemba Ndumiso Mabaso ◽  
Phumlane Selby Mdluli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Diffraction Field ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Nih 3T3 ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Eggshell Waste

Objectives: This study focuses on the properties of nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) in terms of remineralization and acid resistance. The nHAp were produced from waste eggshells via the mechanochemistry process. Materials and methods: The characterization was based on Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Field Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), and High-Resolution Electron Microscope to determine the surface morphology of the nHAp. The acid and remineralization properties were evaluated using bovine enamel and dentine models ( n = 5) while the buffering properties against acids were studied using a pH meter. The biocompatibility of the produce nHAp was assessed in vitro against NIH 3T3. Results: The XRD and FTIR results confirm that nHAp were successfully produced from eggshell waste after 5 h of milling. The HRTEM reveals a semi-sphere morphology with an average dimension of 9 to 20 nm. The buffering test suggests that nHAp were highly effective in neutralizing common dietary acids. Also, the nHAp exhibits outstanding remineralization and occluding properties. The cytotoxicity assay suggests that the nHAp had a low toxicity. Conclusion: The study concludes that using eggshell waste to produce nHAp will help in waste management and at the same time, provide valuable biomaterial for the treatment of tooth sensitivity.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Graphene Oxide-Fe3O4 Based Nanocomposites Using the Mechanochemical Method and in Vitro Magnetic Hyperthermia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatesha Narayanaswamy ◽  
Ihab Obaidat ◽  
Aleksandr Kamzin ◽  
Sachin Latiyan ◽  
Shilpee Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanochemical Method ◽  
Magnetic Composites ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Differential Behavior ◽  
Cancerous Cells

The study presented in this work consists of two parts: The first part is the synthesis of Graphene oxide-Fe3O4 nanocomposites by a mechanochemical method which, is a mechanical process that is likely to yield extremely heterogeneous particles. The second part includes a study on the efficacy of these Graphene oxide-Fe3O4 nanocomposites to kill cancerous cells. Iron powder, ball milled along with graphene oxide in a toluene medium, underwent a controlled oxidation process. Different phases of GO-Fe3O4 nanocomposites were obtained based on the composition used for milling. As synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), alternating magnetic field (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Additionally, the magnetic properties required to obtain high SAR values (Specific Absorption Rate-Power absorbed per unit mass of the magnetic nanocomposite in the presence of an applied magnetic field) for the composite were optimized by varying the milling time. Nanocomposites milled for different extents of time have shown differential behavior for magneto thermic heating. The magnetic composites synthesized by the ball milled method were able to retain the functional groups of graphene oxide. The efficacy of the magnetic nanocomposites for killing of cancerous cells is studied in vitro using HeLa cells in the presence of an AC (Alternating Current) magnetic field. The morphology of the HeLa cells subjected to 10 min of AC magnetic field changed considerably, indicating the death of the cells.

Influence of Surface Modification on Si3N4 Powder Fluidity

2012 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Jin Chen ◽  
Xiao Gang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Chemical Adsorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared

The effect of organic modification on the surface of silicon nitride powders has been investigated. The Si3N4 powder modified by tartaric acid and PEI was characterized by using granulometer, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, SEM. The results show that modifier on Si3N4 powder surface is chemical adsorption coating. The addition of modifier dose not change phase, but modified particles have spherical tendency. Modifier coating occurred oxidative decomposition in 200-400°C. surface modification can improve the fluidity of powder and density of green bodies. As the amount of modifier increased, the angle of repose and compression degree firstly decreases and then increases. The angle of repose of artaric acid and PEI modified powder decrease 9 º and 12º, compression degree decline 15% and 20% respectively.

Research on Preparation of Nanocomposite Antibacterial Agent

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 398-401
Author(s):  
Yang Zheng ◽  
Jian Fei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Alkali Concentration ◽  
Reaction Function ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
X Ray

The chitosan/modified nano-TiO2composited antibacterial was prepared by hydrothermal method in this paper. The effects of reaction time and temperature, different kinds of alkali concentration on the reaction function of chitosan and nano-TiO2were studied. Anionic surfactants were used for surface modification of nano-TiO2and the composite reaction conditions of chitosan/modified nano-TiO2were studied preliminarily. The chitosan/modified nano-TiO2composite antibacterial was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that: under the conditions of the hydrothermal reaction (2mol/L NaOH, 120°C, 8h), the hydrogen bonds were formed between nano-TiO2modified by SDBS and the chitosan molecules The different reaction conditions of nano-TiO2were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that: nano-TiO2can be fairly good activated under the conditions of the hydrothermal reaction: 1mol/L NaOH, 120°C, 14h.

Mechanism of Action of TiF4 on Dental Enamel Surface: SEM/EDX, KOH-Soluble F, and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 554-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia P. Comar ◽  
Beatriz M. Souza ◽  
Luana P. Al-Ahj ◽  
Jessica Martins ◽  
Larissa T. Grizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Fluoride Deposition

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the action of TiF4 on sound and carious bovine and human enamel. Sound (S) and pre-demineralised (DE) bovine and human (primary and permanent) enamel samples were treated with TiF4 (pH 1.0) or NaF varnishes (pH 5.0), containing 0.95, 1.95, or 2.45% F for 12 h. The enamel surfaces were analysed using SEM-EDX (scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) (n = 10, 5 S and 5 DE) and KOH-soluble fluoride was quantified (n = 20, 10 S and 10 DE). Hydroxyapatite powder produced by precipitation method was treated with the corresponding fluoride solutions for 1 min (n = 2). The formed compounds were detected using X-ray diffraction (XRD). All TiF4 varnishes produced a coating layer rich in Ti and F on all types of enamel surface, with micro-cracks in its extension. TiF4 (1.95 and 2.45% F) provided higher fluoride deposition than NaF, especially for bovine enamel (p < 0.0001). It also induced a higher fluoride deposition on DE samples compared to S samples (p < 0.0001), except for primary enamel. The Ti content was higher for bovine and human primary enamel than human permanent enamel, with some differences between S and DE. The XRD analysis showed that TiF4 induced the formation of new compounds such as CaF2, TiO2, and Ti(HPO4)2·H2O. In conclusion, TiF4 (>0.95% F) interacts better, when compared to NaF, with bovine and human primary enamel than with human permanent enamel. TiF4 provoked higher F deposition compared to NaF. Carious enamel showed higher F uptake than sound enamel by TiF4 application, while Ti uptake was dependent on the enamel condition and origin.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION AND HYPOGLYCEMIC STUDY OF ISOLATED NATURAL POLYMER FROM THE STEM OF MANILKARA HEXANDRA (ROXB.) DUBARD

2019 ◽  
pp. 206-213
Author(s):  
IRUDAYA MONISHA S. ◽  
ROSALINE VIMALA J.
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Scanning Electron

Objective: In the present study, the isolated natural polymer from the stem of Manilkara hexandra and their physiochemical parameters were investigated. It is further involved in hypoglycemic studies. Methods: The gum exudates were screened for phytochemicals, physicochemically analyzed for solubility, pH, total ash, moisture content, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, sulfated ash, flow property, and it is characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) studies (13Carbon and 1Proton) and it was examined in vitro studies by hypoglycaemic activity. Results: The isolated gum extracted from the stem of Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard ash values were found to be low. The gum is found to be hygroscopic in nature due to its high moisture content (0.9131±0.03). Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectra show relevant functional groups for gum, which is further confirmed by resonance spectral studies. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that the gum is amorphous as well as crystalline in nature. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image confirms that the gum particles have irregular size and shape. Sugar composition analysis by Thin Layer Chromatography indicated the presence of rhamnose, arabinose. The in vitro study of hypoglycemic activity shows the best report compared with the standard. The experimental evidence offers scope to use this natural polymer in the food and pharmaceutical industry. Conclusion: The isolated natural polymer shows good result in hypoglycemic studies compared with standard.

PENGGUNAAN TiO2 PARTIKEL NANO HASIL SINTESIS BERBASIS AIR MENGGUNAKAN METODA SOL-GEL PADA BAHAN KAPAS SEBAGAI APLIKASI UNTUK TEKSTIL ANTI UV

Arena Tekstil ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Komalasari ◽  
Bambang Sunendar
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Scanning Electron

Partikel nano TiO2 berbasis air dengan pH basa telah berhasil disintesis dengan menggunakan metode sol-gel dan diimobilisasi pada kain kapas dengan menggunakan kitosan sebagai zat pengikat silang. Sintesis dilakukan  dengan prekursor TiCl4 pada konsentrasi 0,3 M, 0,5 M dan 1 M, dan menggunakan templat kanji dengan proses kalsinasi pada suhu 500˚C selama 2 jam. Partikel nano TiO2 diaplikasikan ke kain kapas dengan metoda pad-dry-cure dan menggunakan kitosan sebagai crosslinking agent. Berdasarkan hasil Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),diketahui bahwa morfologi partikel TiO2 berbentuk spherical dengan ukuran nano (kurang dari 100 nm). Karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan adanya tiga tipe struktur kristal utama, yaitu (100), (101) dan (102) dengan fasa kristal yang terbentuk adalah anatase dan rutile. Pada karakterisasi menggunakan SEM terhadap serbuk dari TiO2 yang telah diaplikasikan ke permukaan kain kapas, terlihat adanya imobilisasi partikel nano TiO2 melalui ikatan hidrogen silang dengan kitosan pada kain kapas. Hasil analisa tersebut kemudian dikonfirmasi dengan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) yang hasilnya memperlihatkan puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3495 cm-1, 2546 cm-1, dan 511 cm-1,  yang masing-masing diasumsikan sebagai adanya vibrasi gugus fungsi O-H, N-H dan Ti-O-Ti. Hasil SEM menunjukkan pula bahwa kristal nano yang terbentuk diantaranya adalah fasa rutile , yang berdasarkan literatur terbukti dapatberfungsi sebagai anti UV.

PENINGKATAN LAJU DISOLUSI ACYCLOVIR DENGAN METODE SISTEM DISPERSI PADAT MENGGUNAKAN POLOXAMER 188

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Budi Setiawan ◽  
Erizal Zaini ◽  
Salman Umar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Poloxamer 188 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sebuah penelitian tentang sistem dispersi padat dari asiklovir dengan poloxamer 188 telah dilakukan formulasi dengan pencampuran secara fisika dengan rasio 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 dan dispersi padat 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 dan penggilingan 1:1 sebagai pembanding. Dispersi padat dibuat menggunakan metode pencairan (fusi), yang digabung dengan poloxamer 188 pada hotplate kemudian asiklovir dimasukkan ke dalam hasil poloxamer 188 lalu di kocok hingga membentuk masa homogen. Semua formula yang terbentuk termasuk asiklovir poloxamer 188 murni dianalisis karakterisasinya dengan Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), dan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), kemudian pengambilan dilakukan  (penentuan kadar) mengunakan spektrofotometer UV pada panjang gelombang 257,08 nm dan uji laju disolusi dengan aquadest bebas CO2 menggunakan metode dayung. Hasil pengambilan  (penentuan kadar) menunjukkan bahwa semua formula memenuhi persyaratan farmakope Amerika edisi 30 dan farmakope Indonesia edisi 4 yaitu 95-110%. Sedangkan hasil uji laju disolusi untuk campuran fisik 1: 1, dan dispersi padat 1: 1, dan penggilingan 1: 1 menunjukkan peningkatan yang nyata dibandingkan asiklovir murni. Hal ini juga dapat dilihat dari hasil perhitungan statistik  menggunakan analisis varian satu arah  SPSS 17.

In Vitro Assessment of Hydroxyapatite Coating on the Surface of Additive Manufactured Ti6Al4V Scaffolds

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 2444-2449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Chudinova ◽  
Maria Surmeneva ◽  
Andrey Koptioug ◽  
Irina V. Savintseva ◽  
Irina Selezneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Nanocrystalline Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ha Coating ◽  
Magnetron Sputter Deposition ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Average Size

Custom orthopedic and dental implants may be fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM), for example using electron beam melting technology. This study is focused on the modification of the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy coin-like scaffolds fabricated via AM technology (EBM®) by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputter deposition of hydroxyapatite (HA) coating. The scaffolds with HA coating were characterized by Scanning Electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction. HA coating showed a nanocrystalline structure with the crystallites of an average size of 32±9 nm. The ability of the surface to support adhesion and the proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells was studied using biological short-term tests in vitro. In according to in vitro assessment, thin HA coating stimulated the attachment and proliferation of cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on the HA-coated scaffold also formed mineralized nodules.

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