scholarly journals Current Situation of Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Plasmodium Ovale ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Over Time

Although China is moving toward the eradication of malaria and no indigenous malaria has been reported in most Chinese provinces for several years, recent evaluations have revealed that imported cases remain a major challenge to eliminating malaria, with the number of transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) cases increasing over time. Here, we review several TTM case reports published after the implementation of the National Malaria Elimination Program in 2010. A total of 12 TTM cases were reported in China between 2013 and 2018. All recipients and donors were diagnosed using rapid diagnosis test and peripheral blood smears. Plasmodium species in donors with low-density parasites were identified using PCR. Nine (75.0%) were identified as Plasmodium falciparum, two (16.7%) were identified as Plasmodium vivax, and one (8.3%) was identified as Plasmodium ovale. All were imported from malaria-endemic areas. New action plans designed to meet the challenges of TTM are necessary to ensure the elimination of malaria in China. Paying more attention to the frequency of TTM could help to enhance blood safety in China.

Rapid and Definitive Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases Using Peripheral Blood Smears

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Soleymani Lehmann ◽  
Jerry L. Spivak
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Time Of Admission

A timely diagnosis is essential in the management of septicemia and septic shock. Three patients are described, all of whom presented with fever and one of whom was hypotensive at the time of admission. In each patient, rapid diagnosis of the cause of fever was possible because microorganisms were identified on a peripheral blood smear obtained at the time of admission. This identification permitted prompt initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. In addition, a literature review of use of peripheral blood smears in the diagnosis of bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections is provided.

scholarly journals Accuracy of SD Malaria Ag P.f/Pan® As A Rapid Diagnosis Test of Malaria in French Amazonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
jean marc pujo ◽  
Sarah Lemmonier ◽  
Stéphanie Houcke ◽  
Alexis Frémery ◽  
Denis Blanchet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
Remote Healthcare ◽  
Overseas Territories

Abstract BackgroundFrench Guiana (FG) is, with Mayotte island, one of the two French overseas territories where malaria is still endemic. Ten years ago, French health authorities implemented a strategy to eradicate malaria disease in the region. The current incidence rate is 0,74‰ inhabitants, and Plasmodium Vivax is widely predominating even though Plasmodium Falciparum is still present due to imported cases, mainly from the Africa continent. In FG, RDT (SD Malaria Ag P.f/Pan®) test is based on detection of pan-pLDH, PfHRP2, and PfHRP3 antigens. While, in South America, the share of deletion of PfHRP2 gene is significantly increasing. So, we wondered if RDTs remained reliable in this context.MethodsOur study is a retrospective analysis conducted over four years and analyzed 12880 rapid diagnosis tests (RDTs) whose result was compared with Blood Film Tests (BFTs) sampled for malaria diagnosis.ResultsThe global assessment of the diagnosis accuracy of RDT in the diagnosis of malaria shows PPV (Positive Predictive Value) and NPV (Negative Predictive Value) more than 95%, except for PPV of RDT in the diagnosis of malaria to P falciparum (88%). Overall, the concordance rate between RDT and BFT (positive/positive; negative/negative) was 99.5%. The PPV of the RDT in the follow-up of patients diagnosed with P falciparum was the lowest during the 28 first days after diagnosis. The PPV of the RDT in the follow-up of patients diagnosed with P vivax was the lowest during the 21 first days after diagnosis. The global sensitivity of SD Malaria Ag P.f/Pan® test was, on average, 96% (88.2 – 1) for P falciparum and 93% (90.6 – 94.2) for P vivax. The global specificity was high, with a rate of 99.8% (99.5 – 1) for all species included.ConclusionSD Malaria Ag P.f/Pan® is still a reliable rapid test used for the first-line diagnosis in remote healthcare centers. The test reading should be nuanced by the recent medical history of patients and the date of arrival in FG. RDT result has always to be confirmed by BFT that is still the gold standard for the malaria diagnosis. FG is still a PfHRP2 gene deletion-free area.

Immunostaining for Rapid Diagnosis of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with the Tetramethylrhodamine-5-Isothiocyanate–Conjugated Anti–Promyelocytic Leukemia Monoclonal Antibody PG-M3

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (11) ◽  
pp. 1669-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled M. Alayed ◽  
L. Jeffrey Medeiros ◽  
Danh Phan ◽  
Chinemerem Ojiaku ◽  
Jyoti Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Immunofluorescence Staining ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Concurrent Testing ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

Context.—Anti–promyelocytic leukemia (PML) immunofluorescence staining is a known diagnostic tool for rapid diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Objective.—We describe our methods using the recently developed, commercially available, tetramethylrhodamine-5-isothiocyanate–labeled PG-M3 anti-PML antibody for APL testing. Design.—Immunofluorescence staining with the tetramethylrhodamine-5-isothiocyanate–labeled PG-M3 antibody was used to detect PML-RARA in bone marrow aspirate and/or peripheral blood smears from 30 patients with acute leukemia. The results were compared with those of concurrent testing with our in-house polyclonal anti-PML antibody and with established tests. Results.—All APL cases showed a positive (fine/microgranular) immunofluorescence staining pattern, whereas non-APL cases showed a negative (chunky/macrogranular) pattern. These results, which were available within 2 hours, were validated by testing with the polyclonal anti-PML antibody and with established cytogenetic and molecular testing methods. Conclusions.—We validated the utility of the tetramethylrhodamine-5-isothiocyanate–labeled anti-PML antibody PG-M3 for the diagnosis of APL. Our results indicate that immunofluorescence staining with this antibody is a rapid and reliable method for the diagnosis of APL.

scholarly journals Epidemiological, Physiological and Diagnostic Comparison of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1900
Author(s):  
Joseph Hawadak ◽  
Rodrigue Roman Dongang Nana ◽  
Vineeta Singh
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Plasmodium Ovale ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Plasmodium Ovale Curtisi ◽  
Plasmodium Ovale Wallikeri ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Microscopic Diagnosis

Nowadays, Plasmodium ovale is divided into two non-recombinant sympatric species: Plasmodium ovale wallikeri and Plasmodium ovale curtisi. In this mini review, we summarize the available knowledge on the clinical/biological aspects of P. ovale spp. malaria and current techniques for the diagnosis/characterisation of P. ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri. P. ovale wallikeri infections are characterized by a deeper thrombocytopenia and shorter latency compared to P. ovale curtisi infections, indicating that P. ovale wallikeri is more pathogenic than P. ovale curtisi. Rapid diagnosis for effective management is difficult for P. ovale spp., since specific rapid diagnostic tests are not available and microscopic diagnosis, which is recognized as the gold standard, requires expert microscopists to differentiate P. ovale spp. from other Plasmodium species. Neglect in addressing these issues in the prevalence of P. ovale spp. represents the existing gap in the fight against malaria.

scholarly journals Validation of a point-of-care rapid diagnostic test for hepatitis C for use in resource-limited settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
James S Leathers ◽  
Maria Belen Pisano ◽  
Viviana Re ◽  
Gertine van Oord ◽  
Amir Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Hcv Screening ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background Treatment of HCV with direct-acting antivirals has enabled the discussion of HCV eradication worldwide. Envisioning this aim requires implementation of mass screening in resource-limited areas, usually constrained by testing costs. Methods We validated a low-cost, rapid diagnosis test (RDT) for HCV in three different continents in 141 individuals. Results The HCV RDT showed 100% specificity and sensitivity across different samples regardless of genotype or viral load (in samples with such information, 90%). Conclusions The HCV test validated in this study can allow for HCV screening in areas of need when properly used.

Brightfield and fluorescence in-channel staining of thin blood smears generated in a pumpless microfluidic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kokou S. Dogbevi ◽  
Paul Gordon ◽  
Kimberly L. Branan ◽  
Bryan Khai D. Ngo ◽  
Kevin B. Kiefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Thin Blood Smears

Effective staining of peripheral blood smears which enhances the contrast of intracellular components and biomarkers is essential for the accurate characterization, diagnosis, and monitoring of various diseases such as malaria.

scholarly journals Histoplasma capsulatum in peripheral blood smears

2002 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen A. Kennedy ◽  
Jennifer L. Curnow ◽  
Julie Gooch ◽  
Bronwyn Williams ◽  
Peter Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

scholarly journals In situ loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for identification of Plasmodium species in wide-range thin blood smears

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneaki Hashimoto ◽  
Hirokazu Sakamoto ◽  
Yusuke Ido ◽  
Masato Tanaka ◽  
Shouki Yatsushiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thin Blood Smears
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