scholarly journals Tribological Behavior of Mild Steel under Canola Biolubricant Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
A. Shalwan ◽  
B. F. Yousif ◽  
F. H. Alajmi ◽  
M. Alajmi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Synthetic Oil ◽  
Canola Oils

New lubricants based on vegetable oil were developed in this study. Different blends of canola oil mixed with fully synthetic two stock engine oils were developed (0, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of synthetic oil).  The viscosity of the prepared blends was determined at different temperatures (20°C–80°C). Tribological experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of the newly developed oil on the wear characteristics of mild steel material compared with stainless steel when subjected to adhesive wear loading. The weight loss (WL) and the specific wear rate (SWR) of the mild steel using each of the prepared lubricants were determined. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the worn surface of the mild steel. The results revealed that pure canola oil as a lubricant performed competitively against a blend of 80% synthetic and 20% canola oils. The viscosity of the canola oil and its various blends with synthetic oil are controlled by the environmental temperature since an increased temperature reduces the viscosity. Also, the experimental results revealed that operating parameters play the main role in controlling the wear behavior of mild steel since increasing the sliding distances increases the weight loss. The specific wear rate exhibited a steady state after about 5 km sliding distance, and different blends influenced the applied loads and velocity differently. The mixing ratio of canola and syntactic oil was not particularly significant since the pure canola oil exhibited competitive wear performance compared with the blends. However, an intermediate mixing ratio (40%–60% synthetic oil mixed with 60%–40% canola) can produce a slightly low specific wear rate among other things.

Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of Basalt and Glass Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 534-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Anand Chairman ◽  
S.P. Kumaresh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear Behavior ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Increasing Load

Three-body abrasive wear behavior of basalt–epoxy (B–E) and glass–epoxy (G–E) composites have been investigated using Dry sand rubber wheel abrasion resistance for various abrading distance, viz., 150, 300, 450 and 600m and different loads(22N and 32N) at 200 rpm. The weight loss and specific wear rate as a function of load and abrading distance were determined. The weight loss increases with increasing load and also with abrading distance while the specific wear rate decreases with increase in abrading distance and increases with the load. Better abrasion wear resistance was observed in B-E composite compared to G–E composite. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is used to examine the abraded composite specimens and revealed that the more damage occur to glass fiber compared to basalt fiber. Also good interfacial adhesion was observed between epoxy and basalt fiber which leads to good abrasive wear resistance.

Investigation of the Wear Behavior of AA6082 Against Different Counterparts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiye İpek Ayvaz ◽  
Mehmet Ayvaz
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Disk Method ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Oxidation Wear

In this study, the effect of different counterparts on the wear resistance of AA6082 aluminum alloy was investigated. In tests using pin-on-disk method, 6 mm diameter Al2O3, 100Cr6 and WC-6Co balls were used as counterparts. The tests were carried out using 500 m sliding distance and 5N load. The lowest specific wear rate was measured as 7.58x10-4 mm3/Nm in WC-6Co / AA6082 couple, and the highest value was measured as 9.71x10-4 mm3/Nm in 100Cr6/AA6082 couple. In the Al2O3/AA6082 couple, the specific wear rate of the AA6082-T6 sample was determined as 8.23x10-4 mm3/Nm.While it was observed that the dominant wear type in the 100Cr6/AA6082 pair was abrasive wear, oxidation wear and oxide tribofilm were detected in the WC-6Co/AA6082 and Al2O3/AA6082 couple besides the abrasive wear.

Dry Slide Wear Behavior of Graphite and SiC, TiO2 Filled the Unidirectional Glass-Epoxy Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Madhanagopal ◽  
S. Gopalakannan
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Unidirectional Glass ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

This study determines the friction and the wear properties of the unidirectional glass epoxy composite with Gr, SiC TiO2 powder by using pin on disk apparatus. This tribological data is obtained in dry sliding condition for a constant sliding time of 30 minutes. Test specimens are prepared using hand lay-up process and by varying the different (2, 5, 7) percentage each of graphite and SiC, TiO2 particles addition for the combination of fiber and matrix. The tests are performed by varying the operating parameters of contact pressure (p) and velocity (v). The composites (2% 5%, and 7%) are worn by dry sliding at the steel counter face under ambient conditions. The coefficient of friction reaches maximum of 0.78 at 2 kg load, 2 m/s velocity with testing time duration of 24 min. whereas 5%, 7% sample shows the coefficient of friction 0.28, 0.25 respectively. The specific wear rate value drops to 0.79 (mm3/N-m×10−6) at 2 kg load at 2 m/s velocity for the 5% specimen. The maximum reduction in the specific wear rate at 3 kg load, 1m/s velocity is 32.7 percentages, 5.63 percentages for the 5,7 percentage specimen compared to 2% specimen for the graphite and SiC, TiO2 particle filled composite specimen respectively. The SEM images are also taken to support the results.

Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Cast A7075 and A7075/SAF 2205 Composite Material

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-492
Author(s):  
Ahmet Karaaslan ◽  
Alptekin Kısasöz ◽  
Ş. Hakan Atapek ◽  
Kerem Altuğ Güler
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Cast Material ◽  
Saf 2205 ◽  
Wear Tests

AbstractThe wear behavior of cast A7075 and A7075/SAF 2205 composite material fabricated by vacuum-assisted investment flask casting was investigated under dry sliding condition. The wear tests were carried out using a “ball-on-disc” type tribometer. In the wear tests, 100Cr6 and ZrO2 balls were used as counterparts and the load, total distance and rotating speed were selected as 10 N, 100 m and 100 rpm, respectively. The results were evaluated using the friction coefficient–distance diagram, weight loss and wear rate. All worn surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscope and wear characteristics of the materials were discussed as a function of the microstructural features. It was concluded that composite material had lower friction coefficient, less weight loss and slower wear rate than that of cast material.

Mathematical Model to Evaluate Wear Rate of Graphite as Sealing Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeon Wook Kim ◽  
Jae Hoon Kim ◽  
Bo Hwi Seo ◽  
Hoon Seok Choi ◽  
Sung Han Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Sealing Material

The dry sliding wear behavior of graphite (HK-6) that is used as the sealing material to cut off hot gas was evaluated as a function of applied load, sliding speed and temperature. The reciprocating wear tests were carried out at room temperature and elevated temperatures. An attempt has been made to develop a mathematical model by response surface methodology (RSM) and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was applied to confirm the validity of the developed model. Also, the effect of applied load, sliding speed and temperature on wear the behavior of graphite was investigated. The wear mechanism was compared through the observation of the worn surface by SEM analysis. The specific wear rate was dependent on the interaction between temperature, applied load and sliding speed. A developed model can be used to effectively predict the specific wear rate of graphite as a sealing material within the range of variables studied.

Effect of Various Nanoparticles on Friction and Wear Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 1106-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Kun Wang ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Zhi Wei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Nano Sio2 ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The glass fiber (GF) reinforced epoxy (EP) composites filled by nano-Al2O3, nano-TiO2, nano-SiO2 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared. The friction and wear behavior of composites under dry condition were evaluated with block-on-ring friction and wear tester. The morphologies of the worn surfaces of the composites were analyzed by scanning electric microscopy (SEM). The results show that 0.5 wt% MWCNTs and nano-TiO2 can significantly lower the friction coefficient and specific wear rate of composites, respectively, while 0.5 wt% nano-SiO2 and nano-Al2O3 can slightly lower the friction coefficient and specific wear rate of the composites.

scholarly journals Friction and Wear Behavior of Polyimide Composites Reinforced by Surface-Modified Poly-p-Phenylenebenzobisoxazole (PBO) Fibers in High Ambient Temperatures

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1805
Author(s):  
Yu ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Tang ◽  
Gao
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Interface Properties ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Friction And Wear Behavior ◽  
Ambient Temperatures

(1) In order to improve the properties of antifriction and wear resistance of polyimide (PI) composite under high temperature conditions, (2) 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and Lanthanum (La) salt modifications were employed to manufacture poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole (PBO)/PI composites with different interface properties. The representative ambient temperatures of 130 and 260 °C were chosen to study the friction and wear behavior of composites with different interface properties. (3) Results revealed that while both modification methods can improve the chemical activity of the surface of PBO fibers, the La salt modification is more effective. The friction coefficient of all composites decreases with the increase of sliding velocity and load at two temperatures, and the specific wear rate is increases. Contrary to the situation in the 130 °C environment, the wear resistance of the unmodified composite in the 260 °C environment is greatly affected by the sliding velocity and load, while the modified composites are less affected. Under the same test parameters, the PBO–La/PI composite has the lowest specific wear rate and friction coefficient, and (4) La salt modification is a more effective approach to improve the properties of antifriction and wear resistance of PI composite than APTES modification in high ambient temperatures.

Wear Properties of Nanoclay Modified Basalt Fibre Composites Under Dry Adhesive Sliding, Two-body Abrasive and Slurry Pot Erosive

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Adilah Abu Talib ◽  
Aidah Jumahat ◽  
Mohammad Jawaid ◽  
Napisah Sapiai ◽  
Nagarajan Rajini
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Erosive Wear ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Basalt Fibre ◽  
Dry Adhesive ◽  
Sand Mixture ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer

Abstract This paper reports the effect of 1.0 wt%, 3.0 wt% and 5.0 wt% nanoclay loadings on specific wear rate properties of basalt fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP) composites. The specific wear rate properties of the BFRP composites were analysed at three different wear conditions, i.e. dry adhesive sliding, two-body abrasion and slurry pot erosion in which the composites slide against smooth steel, rough silicon carbide and medium coarse sand mixture, respectively. The operating parameters for the wear tests were set at 30 N load, 300 rpm speed and 10 km distance. The results demonstrated that nanoclay incorporation enhanced the adhesive and erosive wear properties of BFRP composites up to 32% and 51%, respectively. In contrast, nanoclay incorporation deteriorated the abrasive wear properties of BFRP with increasing in nanoclay loading. The morphology of worn surfaces was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study the wear behavior of the nanoclay modified BFRP composites. It concluded that nanoclay incorporation exhibited significant influence on wear properties of the polymer composites depending on the wear environment condition.

Role of Zirconia Filler on Mechanical Properties and Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Glass/Basalt Hybrid Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 895 ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
B.S. Kanthraju ◽  
Bheemappa Suresha ◽  
H.M. Somashekar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding

This paper presents the effect of zirconia filler on mechanical properties and dry sliding wear of bidirectional hybrid (glass and basalt fiber) fabric reinforced epoxy (G-B/E) composites. Fabrication was done by hand layup method followed by compression molding. The effect of zirconia filler loading on mechanical characteristics like hardness, tensile and flexure of fabricated G-B/E composites were determined according to ASTM standards. Also, wear behavior under dry sliding condition was performed using pin-on-disc machine for different applied normal loads/sliding distance. Experimental results reveal that incorporation of zirconia filler improves the mechanical properties. Further, the wear test results indicated addition of zirconia into G-B/E hybrid fiber composites plays important role on specific wear rate under the tribo-conditions selected for the study. Further, inclusion of zirconia into G-B/E composites shows improved wear resistance and addition of 6 wt. % of zirconia exhibits least specific wear rate compared to other hybrid G-B/E composites. In addition, Scanning electron microscope images of selected mechanical test fractured coupons also have been discussed.

The Mechanical Properties and Friction and Wear Behavior of C/C-SIC

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Wen ◽  
Chongsheng Long ◽  
Tang Rui ◽  
Jiping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Carbon Matrix ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Sic Composites

Carbon fiber reinforced carbon-silicon carbide composites (C/C-SiC) were prepared by chemical volume infiltration (CVI) method and reaction melt infiltration (RMI) technique of silicon liquid to carbon reinforce carbon matrix composites. The friction and wear behaviors of C/C-SiC composites at various loads and sliding speeds were investigated by MRH-3 block-on-ring tribometer at room temperature under water lubricating conditions. Furthermore, the morphologies, phase of the worn surface and the debris were observed, examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDAX) respectively. Experimental results showed that the C/C-SiC composites had a better wear resistence, and the friction coefficient under water lubricated conditions is about 0.02–0.06. The influence of sliding speed on the friction coefficients and the specific wear rate of C/C-SiC is more obvious than that of normal load when the load is less than 200N (inclueded200N). The friction coefficient and the specific wear rate of C/C-SiC decreased as the sliding velocity increased. At the sliding speed higher than 2m/s, the friction coefficient is less than 0.02. The specific wear rates is at a low level about (2×10−7mm3/Nm–5×10−8mm3/Nm).

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