scholarly journals Evaluation and Analysis Model of the Length of Added Displaced Left-Turn Lane Based on Entropy Evaluation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Binghong Pan ◽  
Jinfeng Ying ◽  
Shasha Luo ◽  
Yang Shao ◽  
Shangru Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
New Type

As the number of vehicles continues to grow in China, the problem of urban traffic congestion gets more serious, particularly at intersections. As a new type of unconventional intersection, the displaced left-turn (DLT) intersection has been widely recognized to improve the efficiency of intersections with heavy left-turn traffic flows. Converting an existing intersection into an intersection with additional DLT lanes is a valuable solution. However, the studies on DLT intersections mainly focus on performance, applicability, and safety. The guidelines on the specific engineering design process mostly come from experience, and the study on the considering multifactor design method is still insufficient. Therefore, this paper proposed an evaluation and analysis model of the lengths of added DLT lanes based on the entropy evaluation method, in which VISSIM and Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM) software were adopted for simulation. A design process for the length of the added DLT lanes was proposed with this model. An urban intersection in Xi’an was taken as a case study, and the application of the model and the design process was studied in detail. After selecting four evaluation indicators, the model was applied to calculate and analyze the optimal length of the added DLT lanes under 45 different traffic volume combinations. The recommended lengths of different situations were within the range recommended in the guidebook published by Federal Highway Administration. The results of the case study proved that the model proposed in this paper was advanced, reasonable, and practical.

scholarly journals Operational and Safety Management at Intersections: Can the Turbo-Roundabout Be an Effective Alternative to Conventional Solutions?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5103
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Gallelli ◽  
Giusi Perri ◽  
Rosolino Vaiana
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Policy ◽  
Union Policy

The European Union policy strategies on the sustainability of the transport system pursue the goals of maximizing safety and environmental benefits and reducing the severity and frequency of crashes, congestion, and pollutant emission rates. A common issue is the planning of the most effective solution for operational and safety management at intersections. In this study, an egg turbo roundabout is proposed as the alternative solution to a conventional roundabout in Southern Italy which suffers from traffic congestion. A comparative analysis is carried out using microsimulation techniques to investigate the safety effects and operational improvements of converting a traditional priority intersection into standard roundabout or turbo roundabout layout. In particular, the VISSIM software is used to explore the most relevant operational performance measures: queue length, travel times and delays. The lowest values of these measurements are recorded for the simulated turbo roundabout, thus making this scheme more appropriate in terms of operational performances. With regard to safety analysis, the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM) is used to collect information on the predicted number of conflicts, the probability, and severity of the potential collisions. The results suggest that, for the specific case study, the safety levels of the standard roundabout and the turbo roundabout are approximately comparable.

scholarly journals Design Method to Structure Orthosis Design: Camptocormia Postural Brace Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Duarte ◽  
Jean-Pierre Nadeau ◽  
Antonio Ramos ◽  
Michel Mesnard
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Upright Posture ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Class 1

The orthosis is considered a class 1 medical device which often originates from a nonstructured development process. As these devices are mainly developed by small- and medium-sized enterprises, with no standard research method, the result can be an unadapted device which may not respond to the user’s needs and which in the short term may be abandoned. One way to solve this problem is to define and apply standard rules and procedures throughout the development/design process. Although methodologies may solve the “empiricism” in orthosis design problems, these design strategies are not applied during orthosis development due to the particularities of this field and the difficulties in linking the required knowledge and the actors that may be present during the orthosis development. The objective of this work is to develop a methodology to structure the orthosis design process that takes into account both the device life cycle and the different stakeholders involved in the design process. A case study was used to validate the proposed methodology. It was applied to the development of an orthosis to treat a specific postural disorder called camptocormia, also known as bent spine syndrome. This disorder is characterized by the anteroflexion of the trunk and especially affects elderly people. Contrary to scoliosis, the characteristics of camptocormia are not permanent, which means that the patient is able to straighten his posture. A postural brace is used to treat this disorder which enables the patient to redress and maintain the correct upright posture of the trunk.

A Study of Transport-Oriented Development (TOD) Based on the Frequency Scale-Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 2899-2904
Author(s):  
Fei Han ◽  
Gui Ping Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation Method ◽  
Frequency Scale

Transport-Oriented Development (TOD) is an effective solution to urban traffic congestion, environmental pollution, noise pollution, and reduce energy consumption. And it is the best mode to solve urban development problems currently. This paper uses frequency scale-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to explore the inadequacies of modern urban development. And use Matlab to visualize this approach. Lastly put forward feasible suggestions for the city's TOD development in order to guide the cities’ sustainable development.

The Importance of Teaching GIS in Engineering

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 ◽  
pp. 744-748
Author(s):  
Tudor Morar ◽  
Ion Costescu ◽  
Bassian Hissink Muller
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Infrared Imagery ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Buffer Analysis ◽  
Gis Data ◽  
Pedestrian Infrastructure ◽  
Housing Units

This paper offers researchers in transport engineering a method for reducing urban traffic congestion by planning for pedestrians. The method is designed for cities where GIS data is unavailable. Showing how this data can be obtained is one of the major contributions to the field. Other contributions are: using density data instead of infrared imagery to populate housing units with the number of inhabitants, performing network analysis instead of buffer analysis, eliminating homogeneity errors of the density dataset and offering a quantitative way of evaluating new investments in pedestrian infrastructure. The method is applied on a case study, namely the Romanian city of Timisoara. The conclusions present some applications of this technology and underline the importance of teaching it in engineering.

Optimizing the spatial relocation of hospitals to reduce urban traffic congestion: A case study of Beijing

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxia Wang ◽  
Daoqin Tong ◽  
Weimin Li ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Traffic

scholarly journals Subway Tunnel Construction Settlement Analysis Based on the Combination of Numerical Simulation and Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Qiangqiang Ma ◽  
Wentao Li ◽  
Yongjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
City Size ◽  
Tunnel Construction ◽  
Subway Tunnel ◽  
Settlement Analysis

Under the background of rapid economic development and the continuous expansion of city size, people’s travel is deeply troubled by the problem of urban traffic congestion. Subway is an effective way to relieve traffic pressure and plays an important role in its use. In the process of building the city subway, the excavation of the underground tunnel is the most critical. However, the excavation of the tunnel will inevitably disturb the nearby soil, change the stratum stress conditions, and make the stress distribution uneven. If the surface settlement is too large, it will not only affect the normal construction of the tunnel but also cause damage to the surrounding buildings (structures), roads, underground pipelines, and so on, resulting in very serious malignant consequences. In this study, Cuobuling Station is taken as a case study. First, the construction status of the subway tunnel in the station is analyzed, and then the monitoring results are analyzed. According to the cross-section settlement law, the numerical simulation and neural network are used to build a model, calculate the numerical simulation results, and carry out a risk assessment of regression model. Finally, combined with the tunnel construction situation of the station, according to the risk assessment results, the concrete measures are put forward to deal with the subway tunnel construction settlement problem.

scholarly journals The Impact of Pedestrian and Nonmotorized Vehicle Violations on Vehicle Emissions at Signalized Intersections in the Real World: A Case Study in Beijing

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jianchang Huang ◽  
Guohua Song ◽  
Jianbo Zhang ◽  
Zufen Li ◽  
Yizheng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Critical Violations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Emission around intersections has become an issue in the urban traffic network. This paper aims to investigate the impact of pedestrian and nonmotorized vehicle violations on emissions at mixed-traffic flow intersection based on the volumes of vehicles, nonmotor vehicles, and pedestrians. Also, it focuses on the arterial and collector intersections with high vehicle volume and limited space. Running red light and crossing intersection diagonally are two critical violations, accounting for 91.75% of effective violations (interference with vehicles’ operation). In this context, a violation blocking model is developed to estimate the blocking probability for each vehicle based on the volumes of pedestrians and nonmotor vehicles. The model includes two scenarios. (1) Through phase: the violation blocking model of running red light is developed based on the survival curve (the relationship between waiting time and running red light probability). (2) Left-turn phase: the violation blocking model at this phase includes two parts: (i) crossing the intersection diagonally model is developed for the first vehicle and (ii) running red light model is developed for subsequent vehicles. The existing emission model can estimate the emissions based on the blocking positions. In the case study, emissions increase with the vehicle volume approaching the saturated flow rate and the volumes of nonmotor vehicles and pedestrians increasing. Results show that the maximum emission increase of CO (carbon monoxide) for through phase and left-turn phase can reach 16.7% and 36.4%.

scholarly journals People's perception on urban traffic congestion; a case study on Chittagong Metropolitan City, Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Shahek MMA Al-Qadery ◽  
Md Muhibbullah
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Metropolitan City

An attempt has been taken to identify the major causes of traffic congestion along with existing system deficiencies, their consequences, and finally a policy options are recommended on Chittagong Metropolitan City. For the study primary data were collected through questionnaire survey and secondary data were used from various sources. The collected data were analyzed by using statistical techniques. It was found that rapid growth of population, inefficient land use pattern, indiscriminate roadside uses, past urban development trends and inadequate land use planning are responsible for traffic congestion in the city area. Lack of coordination and integration of concerned institutions is one of the major system deficiencies of traffic congestion situation in the study area. Opinion survey revealed that the overall quality of transportation system of Chittagong city is unsatisfactory. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v3i1.13415 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 3(1&2):149-160, 2008

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