scholarly journals SDF-1α/OPF/BP Composites Enhance the Migrating and Osteogenic Abilities of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Linli Li ◽  
Xifeng Liu ◽  
Bipin Gaihre ◽  
Sungjo Park ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Restorative Environment ◽  
Stromal Cell Derived Factor ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Related Proteins

In situ cell recruitment is a promising regenerative medicine strategy with the purpose of tissue regeneration without stem cell transplantation. This chemotaxis-based strategy is aimed at ensuring a restorative environment through the release of chemokines that promote site-specific migration of healing cell populations. Stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) is a critical chemokine that can regulate the migration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Accordingly, here, SDF-1α-loaded microporous oligo[poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate]/bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate composites (SDF-1α/OPF/BP) were engineered and probed. SDF-1α/OPF/BP composites were loaded with escalating SDF-1α concentrations, namely, 0 ng/ml, 50 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml, and 200 ng/ml, and were cocultured with MSC. Scratching assay, Transwell assay, and three-dimensional migration model were utilized to assess the migration response of MSCs. Immunofluorescence staining of Runx2 and osteopontin (OPN), ELISA assay of osteocalcin (OCN) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Alizarin Red S staining were conducted to assess the osteogenesis of MSCs. All SDF-1α/OPF/BP composites engendered a release of SDF-1α (>80%) during the first four days. SDF-1α released from the composites significantly promoted migration and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs documented by upregulated expression of osteogenic-related proteins, ALP, Runx2, OCN, and OPN. SDF-1α at 100 ng/ml was optimal for enhanced migration and osteogenic proficiency. Thus, designed SDF-1α/OPF/BP composites were competent in promoting the homing and osteogenesis of MSCs and thus offer a promising bioactive scaffold candidate for on-demand bone tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals A narrative overview of utilizing biomaterials to recapitulate the salient regenerative features of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevda Pouraghaei Sevari ◽  
Sahar Ansari ◽  
Alireza Moshaverinia
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Local Recruitment

AbstractTissue engineering approaches have emerged recently to circumvent many limitations associated with current clinical practices. This elegant approach utilizes a natural/synthetic biomaterial with optimized physiomechanical properties to serve as a vehicle for delivery of exogenous stem cells and bioactive factors or induce local recruitment of endogenous cells for in situ tissue regeneration. Inspired by the natural microenvironment, biomaterials could act as a biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) structure to help the cells establish their natural interactions. Such a strategy should not only employ a biocompatible biomaterial to induce new tissue formation but also benefit from an easily accessible and abundant source of stem cells with potent tissue regenerative potential. The human teeth and oral cavity harbor various populations of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with self-renewing and multilineage differentiation capabilities. In the current review article, we seek to highlight recent progress and future opportunities in dental MSC-mediated therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration using two possible approaches, cell transplantation and cell homing. Altogether, this paper develops a general picture of current innovative strategies to employ dental-derived MSCs combined with biomaterials and bioactive factors for regenerating the lost or defective tissues and offers information regarding the available scientific data and possible applications.

scholarly journals Two Transcripts of FBXO5 Promote Migration and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Liu ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Yanzhe Yan ◽  
Zhuangzhuang Chu ◽  
Yi Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Alp Activity ◽  
Periodontal Tissue Regeneration

Objectives. Enhanced migration and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are beneficial for MSC-mediated periodontal tissue regeneration, a promising method for periodontitis treatment. FBXO5, a member of the F-box protein family, is involved in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Here, we investigated the effect of FBXO5 on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Materials and Methods. hPDLSCs were isolated from periodontal ligament tissue. Lentivirus FBXO5 shRNA was used to silence FBXO5 expression. Two transcripts of FBXO5 were overexpressed and transduced into hPDLSCs via retroviral infection. Migration and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs were evaluated using the scratch migration assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, ALP staining, alizarin red staining, western blotting, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results. The expression of FBXO5 was upregulated after osteogenic induction in hPDLSCs. FBXO5 knockdown attenuated migration, inhibited ALP activity and mineralization, and decreased RUNX2, OSX, and OCN expression, while the overexpression of two transcript isoforms significantly accelerated migration, enhanced ALP activity and mineralization, and increased RUNX2, OSX, and OCN expression in hPDLSCs. Conclusions. Both isoforms of FBXO5 promoted the migration and osteogenic differentiation potential of hPDLSCs, which identified a potential target for improving periodontal tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Regeneration and Application to Bone Healing

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Crha ◽  
Alois Nečas ◽  
Robert Srnec ◽  
Jan Janovec ◽  
Ladislav Stehlík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Tumour Resection

This synoptic study gives a concise overview of current knowledge of bone healing, the role of mesenchymal stem cells in bone tissue regeneration and contemporary possibilities of supporting regeneration of damaged bone. Attention of research concerning the healing of fractures with extensive loss of bone tissue following trauma, the treatment of belatedly healing or non-healing fractures or the healing of segmental bone defects following tumour resection, is focused on development of three-dimensional scaffolds planted with mesenchymal stem cells that might be used for reconstruction of such large bone lesions. Presented are possibilities of transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells combined with biomaterials into bone defects, including the results of our own experimental studies dealing with the use of stem cells in the treatment of damaged tissues of the musculoskeletal system in animal models.

scholarly journals miR-140-3p enhanced the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs via inhibiting KMT5B under hypoxia condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zheng ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Le Li ◽  
Lihua Ge ◽  
Haichao Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Luciferase Reporter Gene ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Odontogenic Differentiation ◽  
Gene Assay ◽  
Dentinogenic Differentiation

AbstractHuman dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have emerged as an important source of stem cells in the tissue engineering, and hypoxia will change various innate characteristics of DPSCs and then affect dental tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, little is known about the complicated molecular mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence and mechanism of miR-140-3p on DPSCs under hypoxia condition. Hypoxia was induced in DPSCs by Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) treatment. The osteo/dentinogenic differentiation capacity of DPSCs was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red S staining and main osteo/dentinogenic markers. A luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to verify the downstream target gene of miR-140-3p. This research exhibited that miR-140-3p promoted osteo/dentinogenic differentiation of DPSCs under normoxia environment. Furthermore, miR-140-3p rescued the CoCl2-induced decreased osteo/odontogenic differentiation potentials in DPSCs. Besides, we investigated that miR-140-3p directly targeted lysine methyltransferase 5B (KMT5B). Surprisingly, we found inhibition of KMT5B obviously enhanced osteo/dentinogenic differentiation of DPSCs both under normoxia and hypoxia conditions. In conclusion, our study revealed the role and mechanism of miR-140-3p for regulating osteo/dentinogenic differentiation of DPSCs under hypoxia, and discovered that miR-140-3p and KMT5B might be important targets for DPSC-mediated tooth or bone tissue regeneration.

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