scholarly journals The Impact of Antidiabetic Agents on Sarcopenia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Ning Wu ◽  
Kai-Jen Tien
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Antidiabetic Agents ◽  
The Impact

Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by decline of skeletal muscle mass and function. Contributing factors include nutritional, genetic, inflammatory, and endocrinal factors. The reported prevalence of sarcopenia in type 2 diabetes mellitus is high, especially in patients with poor glycemic control. Additionally, antidiabetic agents may alter the balance between protein synthesis and degradation through various mechanisms of skeletal muscle mass regulation. This study reviewed the literature on the pathogenesis of sarcopenia in diabetes mellitus and the current understanding of whether antidiabetic agents contribute positively or negatively to sarcopenia and muscle wasting.

scholarly journals Association between skeletal muscle mass and insulin secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanako Shishikura ◽  
Keiji Tanimoto ◽  
Satoshi Sakai ◽  
Yoshimi Tanimoto ◽  
Jungo Terasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass

scholarly journals Changes and Risk Factors of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes over 60 Years Old: A Cross-Sectional Study from China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Liming Hou ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Xing Li ◽  
Cong Huo ◽  
Xin Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Objective. The accelerate loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, named sarcopenia, is a progressive and generalised skeletal muscle disorder, and it is always associated with increased outcomes including falls, frailty, and disability. Diabetes mellitus is associated with significant muscle and physical complications. We aimed at clarifying the changes and risk factors of skeletal muscle mass and strength in elderly with type 2 diabetes. Methods. The study consisted of patients with type 2 diabetes ( n = 120 ) and an older general population ( n = 126 ). The skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength, as well as the serum levels of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, homocysteine, and insulin-like factor-1 were assessed, and the correlation and regression analysis were conducted to evaluate outcomes. Results. T2DM patients exhibited lower muscle strength compared with the non-T2DM subjects ( P < 0.01 ). Among T2DM patients, serum IGF-1 levels were positively correlated with muscle strength ( r = 0.255 , P < 0.01 ) and muscle mass ( r = 0.209 , P < 0.05 ), levels of 8-OHdG were inversely correlated with muscle strength ( r = − 0.252 , P < 0.01 ), and there was a negative association between HCY and muscle mass ( r = − 0.185 , P < 0.05 ). Muscle mass and strength of patients with higher education level were significantly higher than those with lower education level ( P < 0.05 ), in male patients, muscle mass and muscle strength were significantly lower in smokers ( P < 0.01 ), and muscle mass was lower in chronic drinkers ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions. These findings suggest that diabetic patients may be more susceptible to sarcopenia at an older age. And it also provides evidences that among elderly with diabetes mellitus, oxidative damage and HCY as well as IGF-1 are important predictors of age-dependent sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204201881984297
Author(s):  
Hitomi Miyake ◽  
Ippei Kanazawa ◽  
Ken-ichiro Tanaka ◽  
Toshitsugu Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of muscle mass reduction. However, the association between muscle mass and mortality in T2DM remains unknown. Methods: This was a historical cohort study with the endpoint of all-cause mortality. This study included 163 Japanese men and 141 postmenopausal women with T2DM whose body compositions were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Low muscle mass was defined as a skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) of <7.0 kg/m2 for men and <5.4 kg/m2 for women. Results: During the 6-year follow-up period, 32 men and 14 women died. In a Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, T2DM duration, glycated hemoglobin, serum creatinine, fasting C-peptide, body mass index, and lean body mass were associated with the risk of mortality in men [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00–3.28 per standard deviation (SD) decrease, p = 0.049] and women (HR = 4.53, 95% CI = 1.14–17.96 per SD decrease, p = 0.032). Neither fat mass nor bone mineral content was associated with mortality. Low SMI was associated with increased mortality in women (HR = 5.97, 95% CI = 1.04–34.37, p = 0.045), while the association between low SMI and mortality was marginal in men (HR = 2.38, 95% CI = 0.92–6.14, p = 0.074). Conclusions: Low muscle mass was independently associated with all-cause mortality in patients with T2DM. The preservation of skeletal muscle mass is important to protect patients with T2DM from increased mortality risk.

Androgen Therapy in Male Patients Suffering from Type 2 Diabetes: A Review of Benefits and Risks

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199
Author(s):  
Mortaza F. Hassanabad ◽  
Mohammad Fatehi
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Testosterone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Androgen Therapy ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Impact

Background: The current estimated numbers of patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is believed to be close to 10% of the whole populations of many geographical regions, causing serious concerns over the resulting elevated morbidity and mortality as well as the impact on health care systems around the world. In addition to negatively affecting the quality of life, diabetes is associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, indicating that appropriate drug therapy should not only deal with metabolic dysfunction but also protect the vascular system, kidney function and skeletal muscle mass from the effects of the epigenetic changes induced by hyperglycaemia. Objective: To provide an insight into the management of hypogonadism associated with T2D, this review focuses on clinical observations related to androgen therapy in qualified diabetic patients, and discusses the lines of evidence for its benefits and risks. The potential interactions of testosterone with medicines used by patients with T2D will also be discussed. Conclusion: From recent clinical findings, it became evident that a considerable percentage of patients suffering from T2D manifested low serum testosterone and experienced diminished sexual activity, as well as reduced skeletal muscle mass and lower bone density. Although there are some controversies, Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) for this particular population of patients appears to be beneficial overall only if it is implemented carefully and monitored regularly.

scholarly journals The Impact of Glucose-Lowering Drugs on Sarcopenia in Type 2 Diabetes: Current Evidence and Underlying Mechanisms

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1958
Author(s):  
Elena Massimino ◽  
Anna Izzo ◽  
Gabriele Riccardi ◽  
Giuseppe Della Pepa
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
The Impact

The age-related decrease in skeletal muscle mass together with the loss of muscle power and function is defined sarcopenia. Mounting evidence suggests that the prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and different mechanisms may be responsible for this association such as impaired insulin sensitivity, chronic hyperglycemia, advanced glycosylation end products, subclinical inflammation, microvascular and macrovascular complications. Glucose-lowering drugs prescribed for patients with T2DM might impact on these mechanisms leading to harmful or beneficial effect on skeletal muscle. Importantly, beyond their glucose-lowering effects, glucose-lowering drugs may affect per se the equilibrium between protein anabolism and catabolism through several mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle physiology, contributing to sarcopenia. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an update on the effects of glucose-lowering drugs on sarcopenia in individuals with T2DM, focusing on the parameters used to define sarcopenia: muscle strength (evaluated by handgrip strength), muscle quantity/quality (evaluated by appendicular lean mass or skeletal muscle mass and their indexes), and physical performance (evaluated by gait speed or short physical performance battery). Furthermore, we also describe the plausible mechanisms by which glucose-lowering drugs may impact on sarcopenia.

The BMI and skeletal muscle mass as a risk factor of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se-Hwa Kim ◽  
Soo-Kyung Kim ◽  
Young-Ju Choi ◽  
Seok-Won Park ◽  
Eun-Jig Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis

771-P: Protein Intake at Breakfast Contributes to Maintenance of Skeletal Muscle Mass in Japanese Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 771-P
Author(s):  
SODAI KUBOTA ◽  
HITOSHI KUWATA ◽  
SAKI OKAMOTO ◽  
DAISUKE YABE ◽  
KENTA MUROTANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
P Protein ◽  
Japanese Elderly
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