scholarly journals Solidification/Stabilization of Textile Sludge as Subgrade: Usage of Binders and Skeleton Material

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xiao Cheng ◽  
Bingyi Li ◽  
Geng Chen ◽  
Shihu Gao
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Construction Method ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Textile Sludge ◽  
Hazardous Organics ◽  
Good Agreement

This study investigates the disposal of textile sludge via laboratory and field tests while protecting the eco-environment. Solidification/stabilization (S/S) technology and skeleton construction method are introduced to investigate the application of S/S sludge for subgrade material. S/S is to enhance the sludge strength and stabilize the metal(loid)s and hazardous organics in the textile sludge. Skeleton construction method aims to decrease the liquid-solid ratio in mixture to reduce the binder dosage and save binder cost. In the laboratory, binders and skeleton material are implemented to investigate the differences in unconfined compressive strength (UCS) to explore the optimal mixture. Results illustrate that UCS of binder-sludge is below 100 kPa and enhanced more than 400 kPa after adding gypsum and skeleton material. Skeleton soil material with high plasticity index and low moisture content improves UCS significantly. Scanning electron microscopy test shows the physical microstructure of sludge is greatly improved for the particular space grid structure formed by the particles and cementitious products. The leaching test shows the metal(loid)s and organics in leachate are decreased after S/S treatment and below the standard value. Finally, the textile sludge was disposed for subgrade via the technology. The strength and leaching results of field tests are in good agreement with the laboratory results. The bearing capacity of the practical subgrade meets the design requirements.

scholarly journals Validation of Doppler Temperature Coefficients and Component Power Distribution for the Advanced Neutronics Component Program KYLIN V2.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Jichong ◽  
Xie Jinsen ◽  
Chen Zhenping ◽  
Yu Tao ◽  
Yang Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Engineering ◽  
Temperature Coefficients ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fuel Assemblies ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Good Agreement

This work is interested in verifying and analyzing the advanced neutronics assembly program KYLIN V2.0. Assembly calculations are an integral part of the two-step calculation for core design, and their accuracy directly affects the results of the core physics calculations. In this paper, we use the Doppler coefficient numerical benchmark problem and CPR1000 AFA-3G fuel assemblies to verify and analyze the advanced neutronics assembly program KYLIN V2.0 developed by the Nuclear Power Institute of China. The analysis results show that the Doppler coefficients calculated by KYLIN V2.0 are in good agreement with the results of other well-known nuclear engineering design software in the world; the power distributions of AFA-3G fuel assemblies are in good agreement with the results of the RMC calculations, it’s error distribution is in accordance with the normal distribution. It shows that KYLIN V2.0 has high calculation accuracy and meets the engineering design requirements.

scholarly journals 3D non-LTE line formation of neutral carbon in the Sun

2019 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. A111 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Amarsi ◽  
P. S. Barklem ◽  
R. Collet ◽  
N. Grevesse ◽  
M. Asplund
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Stellar Atmospheres ◽  
Impact Excitation ◽  
Solar Photosphere ◽  
Late Type ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Good Agreement

Carbon abundances in late-type stars are important in a variety of astrophysical contexts. However C I lines, one of the main abundance diagnostics, are sensitive to departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). We present a model atom for non-LTE analyses of C I lines, that uses a new, physically-motivated recipe for the rates of neutral hydrogen impact excitation. We analyse C I lines in the solar spectrum, employing a three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic model solar atmosphere and 3D non-LTE radiative transfer. We find negative non-LTE abundance corrections for C I lines in the solar photosphere, in accordance with previous studies, reaching up to around 0.1 dex in the disk-integrated flux. We also present the first fully consistent 3D non-LTE solar carbon abundance determination: we infer log ɛC = 8.44 ± 0.02, in good agreement with the current standard value. Our models reproduce the observed solar centre-to-limb variations of various C I lines, without any adjustments to the rates of neutral hydrogen impact excitation, suggesting that the proposed recipe may be a solution to the long-standing problem of how to reliably model inelastic collisions with neutral hydrogen in late-type stellar atmospheres.

scholarly journals Development of an autonomous flow-proportional water sampler for the estimation of pollutant loads in urban runoff

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Budai ◽  
Máté Krisztián Kardos ◽  
Marcell Knolmár ◽  
Gábor Szemán ◽  
József Turczel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Sampling Efficiency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Water Sampler ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Runoff Events

Abstract Implementation of an extensive urban runoff monitoring program, targeting the quantification of heavy metal and organic micropollutant loads, necessitated the development of an autonomous water sampler. The design requirements for the device were to fulfill flow-proportional continuous composite sampling of urban runoff events in a widely customizable, relatively inexpensive, and simple way. In this paper, we introduce the concept along with the experiences gained from the first several months of field tests at seven pilot areas in Hungary that represent a wide range of urban environments. During the test period, prototype samplers were placed in natural (urban) streams as well as stormwater drainage pipes, resulting in a total of 97 automatic composite runoff samples. At two sites, an additional 28 manual grab samples were collected to represent time series from five distinct runoff events. Sampling efficiency was checked by comparing collected volumes with the theoretical ones (derived from pump mileage data). Ranges and ratios of concentrations measured from composite and grab samples were graphically interpreted in order to evaluate their representativeness. It has been shown that the concept is suitable for conducting cost-effective urban runoff characterization surveys targeting inter-event variability.

Experimental Study on Coal Entry with Water Trickling and Burst Cracked Roof Supported by Anchor Net

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 3493-3497
Author(s):  
Chang Qing Ma ◽  
Bao Qing Dai ◽  
Guang Peng Qin ◽  
Bin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Coal Roadway ◽  
Working Face ◽  
Data Field ◽  
Beam Type ◽  
Design Requirements

There are large amount of roof water spray in 10# coal seam working face in Tuan Bai coal mine, and the immediate roof with bedding and fractures was fractured. There are also many fallen columns, roof integrity was affected. Varying degrees of damage appeared by adopting traditional I-beam type passive support, when encountered fault, collapse columns and other complex tectonic areas, it prone to collapse accidents. This paper analyses the adaptability of anchor net support, based on the characteristics of coal roadway with water trickling and burst cracked roof, combined field research, coal and rock sampling and underground measures and test methods; by the application of waterproof anchoring agent, making the bolt, the anchorage force meet the design requirements, and ultimately determine the design parameters. Field trails in the headentry, and by analyzing the rock pressure monitoring data, field tests showed that the effect of supporting is good.

scholarly journals Blast Simulator Testing of Structures: Methodology and Validation

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Rodriguez-Nikl ◽  
G.A. Hegemier ◽  
F. Seible
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Single Degree ◽  
Explosive Materials ◽  
Blast Effects ◽  
Resistance Function ◽  
The University ◽  
Good Agreement

The blast simulator at the University of California, San Diego is a unique tool for conducting full-scale testing of blast effects on structures without the use of explosive materials. This blast simulator uses high speed hydraulic actuators to launch specially designed modules toward the specimen, thereby imparting impulse in a blast-like manner. This method of testing offers numerous advantages over field tests with actual explosives, including cost, turn-around time, repeatability, and a clear view of the progression of damage in the specimen. The viability of this method is established by comparing results obtained in the blast simulator with results obtained with actual explosives. The process by which the impulse is imparted to the specimen is then described by a detailed model based on the equivalent single degree of freedom method. Impulse calculated by the model is found to be in good agreement with the experimentally recorded values. Calculated impulse is found to be relatively insensitive to assumptions made about the specimen's resistance function (often not well known before a test) implying that the model can be used with confidence in designing an experimental study.

Optimization, Modeling and Antibacterial Activity of Extraction from Fructus Alpinia Oxyphylla

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 827-831
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Wen Xue Chen ◽  
Yue Ying Hu ◽  
Mei Fang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Model Simulation ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Alpinia Oxyphylla ◽  
Solvent Density ◽  
Good Agreement

Substances from Fructus Alpinia Oxyphylla (AOF) were extracted by using solvent extraction. In accordance with central composited design of response surface methodology system, the extracts were analyzed for the index which is the criteria formula of multiplying OD value by the yield. The optimum conditions obtained were extraction temperature of 60°C, liquid-solid ratio of 9mL/g, and solvent density of 80%. According to Ficks second law of diffusion, experimental parameters of K (rate constant), Ea (activation energy), Gs (effective diffusion coefficient) were gained, which represents a good agreement between the model simulation and the results of the actual process. The results can provide the valuable theory basis for the technical design and further research of extraction process. Antibacterial activities of the extraction were shown through MIC of which represents a significant effect.

The Design of Permanent Magnetic Adhesion System for Wall-Climbing Robot

2013 ◽  
Vol 300-301 ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chen ◽  
Chang Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Climbing Robot ◽  
Adhesion Forces ◽  
Robot System ◽  
Halbach Array ◽  
Adhesion System ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Parameter Approximation ◽  
Magnetic Adhesion ◽  
Good Agreement

In order to satisfy the requirements on payload ability and maneuverability of the wall-climbing robot, a novel permanent magnetic adhesion system based on the linear Halbach array is designed. The permanent magnetic adhesion system and the wheel locomotion mechanism are employed in the robot system. By static and dynamic force analysis of the robot, design requirements about adhesion system are derived. The optimal dimensions of the mechanism are obtained using numerical modeling and parameter approximation method of first order partial derivative of dependent variables. Finally, the adhesion mechanism has been constructed and the maximum and minimum adhesion forces are measured and compared with numerical simulation and a good agreement is found.

Improving the Safety Performance of Passenger Rail Car Glazing Systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Gordon ◽  
David Tyrell ◽  
Patricia Llana ◽  
Matthew Radovich ◽  
Florentina M. Gantoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Safety Aspects ◽  
Passenger Rail ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Implementation Time ◽  
Design Requirements

A review of past accident data shows that several fatalities have been attributed to passenger ejection through window openings during passenger train accidents. To study and address this issue, literature review and accident analyses were performed to investigate the safety aspects of passenger rail window glazing. A common failure mode is when the external gaskets that hold the glazing pane in place shear off and the windows are pushed inside the carbody during rollover derailments. This leads to passengers being ejected, often fatally, out of the train. Passenger containment was identified as the main improvement to be made to glazing systems. New or updated retention methods are thought to be necessary in the pursuit of safety. Considering feasibility, implementation time, likelihood of success, and the potential for retrofit, a few concepts including various methods of zip-strip protection, a revised zip-strip location, and recessed window glazing have been ideated and the top rated concepts are being developed further. In the next phase of work, field tests and additional analyses will help determine the efficacy of the proposed solutions and the necessity for additional engineering design requirements.

The Effectiveness of Pre-Cast Wall-Piles in Reducing Ground Vibration

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-199
Author(s):  
K. Hayakawa ◽  
Y. Kani ◽  
N. Matsubara ◽  
R.D. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Reduction ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Ground Vibrations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of pre-cast wall-piles for controlling ground vibrations. Field measurements have been performed for five cases of different types of pre-cast wall-piles. A method for estimation of vibration reduction by pre-cast wall-piles has been developed, based on wave penetration theory. Vibration levels as registered on the off-side of the PC wall-piles barrier were 5 to 7 dB lower than that recorded at the site with no such barrier. Theoretical results, using the wave penetration theory showed good agreement with the field tests.

A Microreactor System for the Analysis of the Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Williams ◽  
J. Rhett Mayor
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Experimental Heat ◽  
Experimental Heat Transfer ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Layer Heating ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass ◽  
Good Agreement

A novel fast pyrolysis microreactor was developed to facilitate control over feedstock dwell time, pyrolysis temperature, and the individual collection of pyrolysis liquid and solid products. The design process followed is presented including design requirements, functional decomposition, commissioning tests, and the final microreactor design. A vibratory assisted spreading study was performed as particle agglomeration was a key challenge within the reactor design. The study results and analysis of variance are presented identifying the most significant factor and a best operating point. Analytical and experimental heat transfer analyses are also presented to validate the reactor’s thermal performance. Through the pairing of the analyses, projections for thin biomass layer heating rates are made resulting in estimates on the order of 400°C/s. Finally, experimental pyrolysis results are given showing fast pyrolysis conversion as a function of time and the process by which kinetic descriptors could be derived using this system’s results. Yield results are compared with literature and are found to be in good agreement with published fast pyrolysis results.

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