scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Cucumber Mosaic Virus and Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infecting African Nightshades (Solanum scabrum Miller)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
S. L. Kimaru ◽  
D. C. Kilalo ◽  
W. M. Muiru ◽  
J. W. Kimenju ◽  
C. R. Thuku
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Miseq Platform ◽  
Clade 1

The two viruses cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) are among the major viruses that constrain the production of African nightshade (ANS). The ANS provides high proportions of micronutrient content and has medicinal, economic, and agronomic benefits. In this study, we utilized molecular methods to detect these viruses present in ANS at two locations in Kenya: Kisii and Kakamega counties. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from leaves of ANS plants exhibiting viral symptoms and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform for phylogenetic studies. The isolates were grouped based on nucleotide and sequence identity. We detected two isolates of CMV and one isolate of TMV in ANS samples. The isolate sequences have been deposited in the GeneBank to obtain accession numbers. Cucumber mosaic virus nucleotide sequence closely resembled the Kirinyaga isolates in Kenya classified in subgroup I. Tobacco mosaic virus phylogenetic studies revealed close resemblance of isolates KY810785.1 from Britain and AF273221.1 from the USA in clade 1 based on nucleotide and amino acid sequences. This is an indication that the virus is widely distributed across the world. Detection of these two viruses in Kenya suggests that they are prevalent in crop-growing regions and the germplasms. African nightshade could also act as a virus reservoir infecting other plants. This study will inform management options to prevent virus epidemics and be in control of vectors.

Die primäre Proteinstruktur von Stämmen des Tabakmosaikvirus

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1032-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wittmann-Liebold ◽  
H. G. Wittmann
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Tryptic Peptides

The amino acid sequence of dahlemense, a naturally occuring strain of tobacco mosaic virus, has been determined and compared with that of the strain vulgare (Fig. 7). In this communication the experimental details are given for the elucidation of the amino acid sequences within two tryptic peptides with 65 amino acids.

scholarly journals Evaluation of SDS-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunostrip technique for detection of Tobacco mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus in IRAQ

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Rakib A. Al-Ani ◽  
Mustafa A. Adhab
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Protein Band ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Winter Squash

his study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of electrophoresis on SDS- poly acrylamide slap gel and immunostrip techniques for detection of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV, genus Tobamovirus) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, genus Cucumovirus, family Bromoviridae), compared with symptoms on diagnostic plants for the two viruses. The results obtained showed that the two methods were effective. The analysis of samples of purified CMV, total proteins from infected cucumber plants, and extracts from infected plants with or without chlorophyll, by electrophoresis on 10% polyacrylamide slap gel containing 0.1% SDS showed two bands of 24 and 26 kd in size, and absent in samples of total protein or extracts of healthy plants. These two proteins represent the coat protein (CP) of CMV. In addition, one 18 kd protein band appeared on SDS- polyacrylamide gel profile which represent the CP of TMV, when samples of purified virus, total protein of infected plants, and plant extracts with or without chlorophyll were analyzed. This band was absent in similar samples from healthy plants. The test of immunostrip specific for CMV showed positive reaction with extracts from melon, cucumber, winter squash, and zucchini infected plants. Similarly, a positive reaction with immunostrip specific for TMV appeared with extracts from tobacco, tomato infected with TMV. No reaction was obtained with healthy plants extract. These results were similar to those obtained from indicator plants for the two viruses.

scholarly journals Identification of amino acid sequences determining interaction between the cucumber mosaic virus-encoded 2a polymerase and 3a movement proteins

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 3445-3451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Sook Hwang ◽  
Kyung Nam Kim ◽  
Jeong Hyun Lee ◽  
Young In Park
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Movement Proteins ◽  
Gdd Motif

The cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-encoded 3a movement protein (MP) is indispensable for CMV movement in plants. We have previously shown that MP interacts directly with the CMV-encoded 2a polymerase protein in vitro. Here, we further dissected this interaction and determined the amino acid sequences that are responsible for the MP and 2a polymerase protein interaction. Both the N-terminal 21 amino acids and the central GDD motif of the 2a polymerase protein were important for interacting with the MP. Although each of the regions alone was sufficient for the interaction with MP, quantitative yeast two-hybrid analyses showed that they acted synergistically to enhance the binding affinity. The MP N-terminal 20 amino acids were sufficient for interacting with the 2a polymerase protein, and the serine residue at position 14 played a critical role in the interaction. Multiple sequence alignment showed that the 2a protein interacting regions and the serine at position 14 in the MP are highly conserved among subgroup I and II CMV isolates.

scholarly journals Incidencia y sintomatología de cinco virus en parcelas comerciales de chile seco en Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí y Zacatecas, México

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-390
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Velásquez-Valle ◽  
Luis Roberto Reveles-Torres ◽  
Jaime Mena-Covarrubias
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Tobacco Etch Virus ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Pepper Mottle Virus ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Das Elisa

A nivel mundial el cultivo de chile es afectado por más de 60 enfermedades virales; sin embargo, poco se conoce acerca de ellas en el área productora de chile seco del norte centro de México por lo que el objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en detectar la presencia y sintomatología de cinco virus en parcelas comerciales de chile seco en los estados mencionados. Plantas de chile de los tipos mirasol y ancho fueron muestreadas y se anotó la presencia de síntomas como enanismo, clorosis, deformación de hojas, defoliación, necrosis vascular y ramas unidas. Las muestras fueron analizadas mediante la técnica DAS- ELISA empleando los antisueros para el virus del mosaico del tabaco (Tobacco mosaic virus: TMV), mosaico del pepino (Cucumber mosaic virus: CMV), Y de la papa (Potato virus Y: PVY), moteado del chile (Pepper mottle virus: PepMoV) y jaspeado del tabaco (Tobacco etch virus: TEV). Esos virus fueron identificados en plantas de chile colectadas en las parcelas comerciales de chile seco de los tres estados antes mencionados.

scholarly journals Effects of DICER-like proteins 2, 3 and 4 on cucumber mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic virus infections in salicylic acid-treated plants

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 3010-3014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew G. Lewsey ◽  
John P. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Triple Mutant ◽  
Positive Sense

Salicylic acid (SA)-mediated resistance and RNA silencing are both important plant antiviral defence mechanisms. To investigate overlap between these resistance phenomena, we examined the ability of mutant Arabidopsis thaliana plants lacking DICER-like (DCL) endoribonucleases 2, 3 and 4 to exhibit SA-induced defence. We found that in dcl2/3/4 triple mutant plants, treatment with exogenous SA stimulated resistance to two positive-sense RNA viruses: cucumber mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic virus. We conclude that DCLs 2, 3 and 4, which are the predominant DCL endoribonucleases involved in silencing of positive-sense RNA viruses, are not required for effective SA-induced resistance to these viruses. However, the findings do not exclude RNA silencing from making a contribution to SA-mediated resistance in wild-type plants.

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