scholarly journals Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Hamza Mimouni ◽  
Soufiane Diyas ◽  
Jamal Ouachaou ◽  
Ilyas Laaribi ◽  
Younes Oujidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Therapeutic Management ◽  
Fourth Case ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case

The first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared in December in Wuhan, before becoming a global pandemic in a few weeks. Several complications of this infection have been reported. However, a spontaneous pneumomediastinum has rarely been described. We report the fourth case of this extremely rare complication in a 65-year-old male patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia, discovered during his therapeutic management by a CT scan control.

scholarly journals Chordoid meningioma: report of two cases

2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Ignácio de Tella Jr ◽  
Marco Antonio Herculano ◽  
Mirto Nelso Prandini ◽  
João Norberto Stavile ◽  
Antonio de Pádua Furquim Bonatelli
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Infratemporal Fossa ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Partial Removal ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Chordoid Meningioma ◽  
First Case ◽  
Pathologic Findings ◽  
Histopathologic Findings

We present CT scan, MRI and histopathologic findings of two patients harboring a rare type of meningioma. In the first case, a 52 year-old male patient, a large parasellar mass invading the cavernous sinus, infiltrating the infratemporal fossa and extending as low as C2 was founded. The tumor was isointense on T1, enhanced strongly with gadolinium injection, and was hyperintense on T2. In the second case, a 19-year-old male patient, a large high density temporal right mass was disclosed by CT scan. Both patients were taken to surgery. In the first case, only a partial removal was possible to be accomplished due to a severe intra operative bleeding. In the second case, the tumor was totally removed. Both showed characteristic pathologic findings of a meningioma resembling a chordoma. Meningioma is a relatively common intracranial tumor, occurring most frequently in adults, showing a wide variety of growth patterns. We described a pattern that had a peculiar chordoma-like appearance. The pathological findings and the differential diagnosis from chordoma are discussed.

scholarly journals Focal dystonia, tremor and myokymic discharges secondary to electrical injury

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Konstantina G. Yiannopoulou ◽  
Theodoros Avramidis ◽  
Roxani Divari ◽  
Alexandros Papadimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Focal Dystonia ◽  
Electrical Injury ◽  
First Case ◽  
Limb Muscles ◽  
Secondary Complication

We describe the case of a male patient who developed electromyographically confirmed myokymia, dystonia and tremor and clinically confirmed focal dystonia and tremor, secondary to electrical injury. Dystonia is a rare complication of electrical injury. Myokymic discharges secondary to electrical injury are previously unreported. Dystonia and tremor EMG findings were present not only at the clinically affected muscles of the lower limb but also at the clinically unaffected upper limb muscles. This is the first case report to link myokymia as a secondary complication of an electrical injury.

scholarly journals Understanding COVID-19: From Origin to Potential Therapeutics

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5904
Author(s):  
Muhammad Moazzam ◽  
Muhammad Imran Sajid ◽  
Hamza Shahid ◽  
Jahanzaib Butt ◽  
Irfan Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

Currently, a global pandemic era of public health concerns is going on with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first case of COVID-19 was reported from Wuhan’s Huanan seafood market in China late December 2019. Bats, pangolins, and snakes have been nominated as salient carriers of the virus. Thanks to its high pathogenicity, it can cause severe respiratory infections. Fever, dry cough, sore throat, pneumonia, septic shock, and ground-glass opacities are the foremost clinical manifestations of COVID-19. Immunocompromised patients are at high risk for COVID-19 infection and may lead to death. Scientist and government agencies around the globe are putting forward their best efforts and resources for the effective treatment of human coronavirus infections; however, neither vaccines nor antiviral drugs are available for the treatment of human coronaviruses (HCoV) infections such as SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), MERS (Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome), and COVID-19. Since the outbreak, a plethora of research and review articles have been published. Moreover, the mass media has bombarded the public with conflicting opinions about the pandemic. There is a dire need for accurate and reliable information concerning this pandemic. In this review, we have compiled the up to date information about the origins, evolution, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of this disease. Moreover, very few reports have addressed the clinical features and current status of treatment for COVID-19; we have adequately addressed these topics in detail in this review. Finally, a detailed account of clinical trials of vaccines and other therapeutics currently in progress has been delineated.

scholarly journals P40 Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in mixed connective tissue disease

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuad Hasan ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Suzy Silburn ◽  
Rosanna Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Connective Tissue Disease ◽  
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
First Case ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Surgical Emphysema ◽  
Low Threshold

Abstract Background Spontaneous pneumomediastinum refers to dissection of free air from the airways on lung parenchyma into the mediastinal structures without any antecedent thoracic trauma or surgical intervention. Pneumomediastinum has been described as a rare complication of connective tissue disease, most commonly in dermatomyositis and polymyositis. Here we report 2 cases of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) who developed pneumomediastinum. Methods The first case was a 76 year old male undergoing assessment for MCTD. During assessment, he was found to have bi-basal crepitations without any obvious respiratory symptom. He was on steroids for last 4 weeks for proteinuria. His High- resolution CT scan (HRCT) showed pneumomediastinum with evidence of Interstitial lung disease (ILD) without any complication. He was monitored closely and his pneumomediastinum resolved without any intervention. The second case was a 49 year old female with known MCTD & was on steroids for 5 months. She was admitted to the hospital with weight loss and dysphagia. This was a long hospital stay during which she developed pneumomediastinum with pneumothorax and surgical emphysema around the neck. She required ICU admission and was transferred to cardiothoracic centre where she underwent bronchoscopy, VATS inspection and required chest drains. Results In both cases there were similarities where both patients with MCTD were on variable duration of steroids & had ILD. They then developed pneumomediastinum with surgical emphysema, however their course was quite contrasting where the first case was relatively benign & resolved without any intervention while the second one required long ITU stay with multiple complications and interventions. Conclusion Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an uncommon manifestation of CTD and only few cases have been reported with MCTD. Although spontaneous mediastinum seems to be associated with a relatively benign short-term course, one should be wary of complications and have low threshold for investigating for any new lung symptoms in context of CTD. It is uncertain whether severity of MCTD or duration of steroids use impacts the progress of spontaneous pneumomediastinum as there are very limited number of cases. Disclosures F. Hasan None. V. Kumar None. S. Silburn None. R. Thomson None.

scholarly journals Pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, and subcutaneous emphysema—a rare complication in COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Baburao ◽  
Rinki Das ◽  
Shylaja Shyamsunder
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic and is posing a serious public health problem for almost all countries. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, a rare condition, is usually seen in patients with underlying pulmonary pathology, infections, or mechanical ventilation. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare complication in COVID-19 pneumonia. Case presentation We report a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, and subcutaneous emphysema in a 62-year-old diabetic patient with COVID-19 infection who presented with cough, fever, and breathlessness, which turned to be a fatal complication. Conclusion Pneumomediastinum/subcutaneous emphysema, a not so common complication associated with COVID-19 infection, should be considered as a bad prognostic indicator of worsening disease and hence requires early recognition and careful monitoring of the patient for any possible unfavorable outcome.

scholarly journals 1568 A Case of Small Bowel Intussusception Occurring Six Years After Laparoscopic RYGB

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
M N A Abusheikha ◽  
A Arman ◽  
W A Al Natsheh ◽  
R M A A Ayoub ◽  
R I Addasi
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Oral Contrast ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Small Bowel Intussusception ◽  
Laparoscopic Rygb

Abstract Introduction We present a case of small bowel intussusception occurring in a female who had previously undergone Laparoscopic RYGB. Few case reports of retrograde intussusception occurring in pregnant patients with a history of LRYBG have been published. Up to our knowledge, this is the first case of this rare complication presenting in the postnatal period. Case report Our patient, a female in her thirties, gave birth to a healthy baby via caesarian section six years after her LRYGB. On the day following her operation, she experienced epigastric severe, progressive abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting. Abdominal examination showed epigastric and left upper quadrant tenderness, hypoactive bowel sounds and no palpable masses. Small bowel obstruction was suspected. A nasogastric tube was inserted and an abdominal CT scan with oral contrast was ordered. The CT scan showed multiple concentric segments of small bowel loops representing the intussusceptum pulled into the intussuscipiens, giving the classic doughnut sign. The patient was subsequently taken to theatre for a laparotomy. The mass was comprised of the biliopancreatic limb which was dilated as the common limb was retrogradely intussuscepting into it. The bowel was ischemic and remained so after manual reduction. A 45cm ischemic segment was resected and then primary re-anastomosis was done. Her postoperative course was unremarkable. Discussion Intussusception can present years after the original surgery, and imaging is not always reliable. Seeing as bariatric surgery is getting more popular, physicians should be well aware of this serious complication as delay in diagnosis increases morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Gambaran Hasil CT-Scan Toraks pada Pasien Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia R. E. Malaru ◽  
Alfa G. E. Y. Rondo ◽  
Christilia G. Wagiu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
First Case ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Indonesia reported its first case in March 2, 2020. Cases are increasing and spreading rapidly throughout Indonesia. One of the main imaging modalities for examination of COVID-19 is chest computed tomography scan (CT-scan) which plays an important role in detection, evaluation of severity, and follow-up of disease course. This study was aimed to obtain the description of CT scan results in patients with COVID-19. This was a literature review study using three databases, namely Pubmed, ClinicalKey, and ScienceDirect. The keywords used were COVID-19 AND Chest CT. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 10 literatures selected. It was found that chest CT results could accurately evaluate the features and extent of lung lesions. The typical CT-scan results were ground-glass opacities (GGO), GGO with mixed consolidation, adjacent pleural thickening, interlobular septal thickening, and air bronchogram. Based on age, sex, and comorbidities, there was not any significant differences in chest CT findings. In conclusion, GGO, air bronchogram, and consolidation were found in chest CT-scan of COVID-19 patients. Meanwhile, based on age, sex, and comorbidities there were no significant differences in chest CT-scan.Keywords: COVID-19, chest CT-scan Abstrak: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan suatu penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Indonesia melaporkan kasus pertama pada tanggal 2 Maret 2020. Kasus meningkat dan menyebar dengan cepat di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Salah satu modalitas pencitraan utama yang menjadi pilihan untuk pemeriksaan COVID-19 ialah Computed Tomography Scan (CT-scan) toraks yang berperan penting dalam deteksi, evaluasi keparahan, dan tindak lanjut perjalanan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran hasil CT-scan pada pasien COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan tiga database yaitu Pubmed, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu COVID-19 AND Chest CT. Hasil seleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi mendapatkan 10 literatur. Didapatkan hasil CT-scan toraks dapat secara akurat mengevaluasi fitur dan luas lesi paru dan CT-scan yang khas ialah ground-glass opacities (GGO), GGO dengan konsolidasi campuran, penebalan pleura yang berdekatan, penebalan septum interlobular, dan bronkogram udara. Pada temuan CT-scan toraks berdasarkan usia, dan jenis kelamin tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat GGO, air bronchogram, dan konsolidasi pada CT-scan toraks pasien COVID-19 sedangkan berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, dan komorbid tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna.Kata kunci: COVID-19, CT-scan toraks

scholarly journals A Canadian perspective on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and treatment: how prevalent underlying inflammatory disease contributes to pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Derald Willows ◽  
Syed Benazir Alam ◽  
Jagdeep K. Sandhu ◽  
Marianna Kulka
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
Canadian Perspective

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a serious respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emerged as a global pandemic. Canada reported its first case of COVID-19 on 25th January 2020. By March 2020 the virus had spread within Canadian communities reaching the most frail and vulnerable elderly population in long-term care facilities. The majority of cases were reported in the provinces of Quebec, Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia and the highest mortality was seen among individuals aged 65 years or older. Canada has the highest prevalence and incidence rates of several chronic inflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease and Parkinson’s disease. Many elderly Canadians also live with comorbid medical illnesses, such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and chronic lung disease and are more likely to suffer from severe COVID-19 with a poor prognosis. It is becoming increasingly evident that underlying inflammatory disease contributes to SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Here, we review the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the host inflammatory responses that lead to resolution or progression to severe COVID-19 disease. Furthermore, we discuss the landscape of COVID-19 therapeutics that are currently in development in Canada.

The relevance of dietetic approach of Ayurveda from the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 748-752
Author(s):  
Swapnali Khabade ◽  
Bharat Rathi ◽  
Renu Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual

A novel, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and spread globally from Wuhan, China. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared the SARS-Cov-2 virus as a COVID- 19, a global pandemic. This pandemic happened to be followed by some restrictions, and specially lockdown playing the leading role for the people to get disassociated with their personal and social schedules. And now the food is the most necessary thing to take care of. It seems the new challenge for the individual is self-isolation to maintain themselves on the health basis and fight against the pandemic situation by boosting their immunity. Food organised by proper diet may maintain the physical and mental health of the individual. Ayurveda aims to promote and preserve the health, strength and the longevity of the healthy person and to cure the disease by properly channelling with and without Ahara. In Ayurveda, diet (Ahara) is considered as one of the critical pillars of life, and Langhana plays an important role too. This article will review the relevance of dietetic approach described in Ayurveda with and without food (Asthavidhi visheshaytana & Lanhgan) during COVID-19 like a pandemic.

Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Narrative Review Based on Current Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Das ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Mehta ◽  
Meenakshi Dhanawat
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
First Case ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract:: A novel virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), appeared and expanded globally by the end of year in 2019 from Wuhan, China, causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. During its initial stage, the disease was called the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). It was named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 February 2020. The WHO declared worldwide the SARS-CoV-2 virus a pandemic on March 2020. On 30 January 2020 the first case of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in India. Now in current situation the virus is floating in almost every part of the province and rest of the globe. -: On the basis of novel published evidences, we efficiently summarized the reported work with reference to COVID-19 epidemiology, pathogen, clinical symptoms, treatment and prevention. Using several worldwide electronic scientific databases such as Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Science direct, Scopus, etc were utilized for extensive investigation of relevant literature. -: This review is written in the hope of encouraging the people successfully with the key learning points from the underway efforts to perceive and manage SARS-CoV-2, suggesting sailent points for expanding future research.

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