scholarly journals Malaria Parasite Density as a Predictor of Hematological Parameter Changes among HIV Infected Adults Attending Two Antiretroviral Treatment Clinics in Kano, Northwest Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Feyisayo E. Jegede ◽  
Tinuade I. Oyeyi ◽  
Surajudeen A. Abdulrahman ◽  
Henry A. Mbah
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Density ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Dual Infection ◽  
Hematological Parameter ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dual Infections

Background. Despite public health significance of dual infections of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malaria in developing countries like Nigeria, information on the association between malaria parasite density count (MPDC) and hematological parameter changes among HIV-infected individuals is rarely available. Objectives. To evaluate burden of HIV and malaria dual infections and assess the predictive association of MPDC with hematological parameter changes among HIV infected adults attending two antiretroviral treatment clinics in Kano, Nigeria. Methodology. This was a cross-sectional study consisting of 1521 consented participants randomly selected between June 2015 and May 2016. Participants’ basic characteristics and clinical details were collected using a pretested and validated standardized questionnaire. Collected venous blood was analyzed for malaria by rapid testing and microscopy including malaria parasite density; hematological parameters were estimated using a Sysmex XP-300 autoanalyzer. Data was reviewed, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS software version 23.0. Mean hematological parameters and HIV/malaria status were compared using the independent t-test; hematological parameters and MPDC relationship was tested by simple linear regression analysis. Statistically significant difference at probability of <0.05 was considered for all variables. Results. The majority (70.6%) of the participants were females. Mean (SD) age was 37.30 ± (10.41) years and ranged from 18 to 78 years. 25.4% of participants had dual infection, 99% due to Plasmodium falciparum species. Mean MPDC was 265 ± 31.8 (SD) cells/μl and ranged from 20 to 2500 cells/μl. Dual infection was highest (37.5%) among respondents in the age group ≥60 years. Prevalence was similar among other age groups (p=0.165) and gender (p=0.942). Of the 16 hematological parameters evaluated, 11 showed significant difference between HIV mono-infected and dual infected participants. Of the 11 parameters, only 7 (Hb, MCHC, red cells count, neutrophil and lymphocyte percentage, absolute lymphocyte count, and red cell distribution width) were significantly predictive of changes with respect to MPDC. Conclusions. MPDC was significantly predictive of changes in 7 hematological parameters among dual infected participants in these settings. In routine malaria diagnosis, MPDC determination with respect to changes in some hematological parameters should be considered in ART programs for improved patient management.

scholarly journals Red Blood Cell Variables in Children and Adolescents regarding the Age and Sex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina PLUNCEVIC GLIGOROSKA ◽  
Serjoza GONTAREV ◽  
Beti DEJANOVA ◽  
Lidija TODOROVSKA ◽  
Daniela SHUKOVA STOJMANOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: This study aimed to assess the basic red blood cell variables and hematological indices in children and adolescents and analyze the differences regarding age and sex. Methods: Overall, 320 young participants, age 8 to 18 yr, were enrolled at Laboratory of Sport’s Medicine, Medical Faculty, Skopje, Macedonia in 2016. Capillary blood samples were drawn and following hematologic parameters were measured: the red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit level (Hct) and hematological indexes: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean hemoglobin concentration (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RDW). Results: RBC variables in male group showed high statistical level of significance between age different groups (P=0.001) for all studied parameters except MCHC (P=0.423) and RDW (P=0.174). ANOVA test and multivariate tests in female group showed that there was no significant difference for all hematological parameters between age different groups. Regarding the sex differences, male participants had significantly higher red blood count (P<0.001), hemoglobin content (P<0.001) and hematocrit (P<0.001). Conclusion: Hematological parameters in adolescent as inhomogeneous population are not quantified sufficiently, especially hematological indices. RBC variables, regardless of the age, differ very much between male and female examinees, in favor of the male examinees. Hematological indices were insignificantly higher in males. Regarding the age of examinees, RBC variables showed significant inter-groups differences only within male adolescents. While with girls, ages span 8 to 18 yr, we did not find significant differences for most of the hematological variables.

scholarly journals EVALUATING SOME OF THE HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTED PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 1052-1060
Author(s):  
Nidhal Abdullah HASHIM ◽  
Younus Jasim ABDULLAH ◽  
Hasan Rahman SHAWI
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori are Gram-negative curved rods that habitats the gastric mucosa and considered as the leading causes of stomach ulcers and duodenal ulcers in humans. The main object of this study was to evaluate the influences of the bacteria on several hematological parameters. A total of 60 patients aged between 15 to 40 years were included in this study (30 male and 30 female) in addition to 30 healthy individuals from the same ages who were considered as a control group. Venous blood (4 ml) was obtained from the study population and investigated for complete blood count (CBC) using an automated hematology analyzer. The results revealed that there is a substantial decrease (p 0.01) in Hemoglobin (Hb), Red cell distribution width (RDW), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) in patients compared to control. However, no significant difference in Red blood cells (RBCs), Hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in patients compared to control. Also, no significant differences were found in the white blood cell (WBC) between H. pylori infected and non-infected persons. Otherwise, there are significant differences (p 0.01) in lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes in the patients and healthy individuals. The results also found that there are significant statistical differences in some of the hematologic parameters among study groups according to their gender. The study concluded that Hb, RDW, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes are decreased in H. Pylori infected patients suggesting that infection may have direct effects on blood parameters.

scholarly journals Increased red blood cell distribution width in patients with plaque psoriasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Geat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Psoriatic Patient ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Red Blood Cell Distribution

Background: Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is frequently increased in inflammatory disorders and the magnitude of its elevation correlates with disease severity. This study was hence aimed to explore RDW values in patients with psoriasis. Methods: The study population consisted of 366 adult patients with mild to severe plaque psoriasis and 366 age- and sex-matched healthy blood donor controls. For each psoriatic patient demographic, clinical and laboratory data were regularly collected. Results: RDW and MCV were significantly higher in psoriatic patients compared to controls (13.95 vs. 13.40% and 90.4 vs. 89 fL; both p<0.01). In order to assess whether RDW elevations were related to psoriasis severity, we divided our psoriatic patient population into two groups based on a PASI cut-off of 10. No significant differences were observed between the two groups (i.e. PASI > 10 and ≤ 10) in terms of RDW (p=0.36). Adopting different PASI cut-offs (i.e.  3, 5, 7, 12) did also not result in statistically significant differences (p= 0.93, 0.48, 0.22, 0.42, respectively). In linear regression analysis, no significant correlation was also found between RDW and PASI or CRP, nor with age, gender or the psoriasis comorbidities listed in Table I. Furthermore, no significant difference of RDW values was noted between psoriatic patients with and without PsA (p = 0.27). Conclusions: The results of this study confirm that RDW is elevated in psoriatic patients, though the magnitude of its increase did not appear to be associated with disease severity.

scholarly journals Malaria Parasites and Packed Cell Volume of Free Range Poultry in Abeokuta metropolis, Ogun State, Nigeria.

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
S O Sam-Wobo ◽  
O O Malumi ◽  
C F Mafiana ◽  
B C Oganah ◽  
O A Surakat
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Avian Malaria ◽  
Hematological Parameter ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Malaria parasites and packed cell volume offree range poultry was conducted on one hundred free range chickens collected from three communities in Abeokuta (Osiele, Lafenwa and Kuto). The results revealed that out of the 100 free range chickens examined, 13(13%) were infected with avian malaria parasite. Hematological parameter i.e. packed cell volume (PCV) revealed that chicken with PCV range 16-20 were 33.33% positive for malaria parasite. Others between PCV ranges 21 – 25 were 33.3%, while those between PCV ranges of 26 – 30 were 16.66% and those with PCV range of 31 – 35 were 16.67%.Chi-square analysis showed a significant difference between packed cell volume and malaria parasite(p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between sex and malaria parasite(p>0.05). The presence of avian malaria parasites in the study area could be of some epidemiological implications since the infected poultry could act as reservoir for malaria parasites.

scholarly journals Changes in Haematological Parameters in Plasmodium falciparum Infected Malaria Patients in an Urban Slum of Lagos, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
U. O. Ozojiofor ◽  
O. O. Bankole ◽  
N. Anene ◽  
A. U. Hassan ◽  
S. A. Emaleku
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Parasite Density ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
The Mean

The present study was carried to determine the changes in haematological parameters in P. falciparum infected patients in Ajeromi Ifelodun area of Lagos, Nigeria. Seventy (70) human subjects comprising of 50 P. falciparum malarial infected and 20 non-infected (control) subjects between 10-60 years were selected for this study. RDT test and microscopy were carried out to ascertain the presence of P. falciparum. They were grouped based on age criteria and level of parasitaemia. This work was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Nigeria Institute for Medical Research Laboratory, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria between August 2016 and January 2017. Blood samples were collected for the determination of P. falciparum, level of parasitaemia and haematological parameters. Haematological parameters were determined using a Coulter A-T Pierce haematology analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Inc. Fullerton, CA, USA), P. falciparum was determined by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and Microscopy. There was a significant increase in the mean level of total white blood cells (WBC) and red blood cells distribution width (RDW), and a significant decrease in the mean level of haematocrit (HCT), haemoglobin (HGB), red blood cells (RBC), and platelets (PLT) in the malaria infected patients than in the controls (p<0.05). There was also a higher malaria parasite density among malaria infected patients for ages above 20 and a lower malaria parasite density for ages below 20 in this study. The findings of this study show that infection with P. falciparum produces changes in haematological parameters in those infected and tested positive for malaria. The most commonly affected parameters are haemoglobin, haematocrit, white blood cells and platelet count.

scholarly journals Comparison of Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) Value in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Patients with Normal Persons

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Marhani Yunita ◽  
Herman Hariman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
Red Cell Distribution Width ◽  
Hematological Parameter ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Significant Difference

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a complex clinical symptom that is often characterized by structural abnormalities or cardiac dysfunction that impairs the ability of the left ventricle (LV) to fill or pump blood, especially during physical activity. Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) is a simple, fast, inexpensive and direct hematological parameter, which reflects the level of anisocytosis in vivo. The association between impaired hematopoiesis and cardiac dysfunction is based on the fact that many different conditions are associated with increased heterogeneity of erythrocyte volume, which can be concurrently present in patients with heart failure, while anisocytosis can also directly contribute to the development and worsening of heart failure. This study aims to provide a comparison of RDW values between CHF patients and normal people. This study uses a case control study design where as many as 20 people with CHF will be compared their RDW values with 20 normal people. From a total of 40 patients, the average RDW value in CHF patients was 17.7±2.4 higher than the average RDW value for normal people was 12.6±0.4 and from the results of statistical analysis using the Independent Student t test obtained p value <0.001. There is a significant difference between the RDW values of CHF patients compared to normal people. Keywords: Congestive Heart Failure, CHF, Red Cell Distribution Width, RDW.

scholarly journals Red blood cell profile in patients with mild, moderate and severe COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Khushbhun Nahar Layla ◽  
Shahanara Yeasmin ◽  
Afrina Binte Azad ◽  
Masba Uddin Chowdhury ◽  
Nasrin Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bonferroni Test

Background and objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected millions of people world-wide. It is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Increasing evidence has shown abnormalities of different hematological parameters with the severity of the diseases. The present study was undertaken to determine the red blood cell (RBC) profile in different categories of COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods: The study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2020. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive COVID-19 patients were enrolled. Patients were categorized into mild, moderate and severe COVID-19 cases. Blood samples were analyzed by Automated Hematology Analyzer for hemoglobin concentration, total erythrocyte count and RBC indices. ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test, Chi square test, Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient test were performed as applicable using SPSS version 25.0. Results: A total of 100 RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients were included in the study. There were 25, 38 and 37 mild, moderate and severe cases respectively. The mean age of the study participants was 44.68 + 13.16 years (range: 18 to 65 years). There were 67 (67%) males and 33 (33%) females. No significant difference in hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), total RBC count, red blood cell distribution width (CDW) was observed among the three groups. Significant negative correlation of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH); rs-0.362 & -0.255 respectively) was observed with disease severity. Conclusion: The study showed low MCV and MCH were significantly related with the severity of the COVID-19 illness. Therefore, comprehensive analysis of the RBC profile would be helpful to understand the disease course. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2021; 15(2): 26-31

scholarly journals Hematological Findings in Medical Professionals Involved at Intraoperative Fluoroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Shafiee ◽  
Elham Hoseinnezhad ◽  
Hassan Vafapour ◽  
Sajad Borzoueisileh ◽  
Mohammad Ghorbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Hematological Parameter ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Intraoperative Fluoroscopy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

<p>Medical professionals involved at intraoperative fluoroscopy are exposed to low doses of the occupational radiation exposures. The biological effects of chronic low-dose radiation on human health are complex and have not been well established. The aim of the present study is to follow up hematological parameter changes during 2 years in medical professionals exposed to ionization radiation in operating rooms.<strong></strong></p><p>22 medical professionals (medical specialists and technicians), chronically exposed to ionizing radiation of mobile C-Arm X ray machine, were selected. The seven hematological parameters were examined each time. The statistical analyses were done by Student’s t test and one way ONOVA test.</p><p>The data analysis led to the following observations: (1) the present study incorporated that the basic hematological parameters including the mean value of red blood cells (P=0.90), white blood cells (P=0.68), and platelets count (P=0.45) did not show a significant difference between two years. (2) The mean values corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, corpuscular hemoglobin, and hematocrit parameters were found disturbed low or high in some of medical professionals but their means were not significantly different between two measurements. (3)A statistically significant relation in mean value of RBCs with the duration of exposure and sex were observed.</p><p>It seems that, hematological parameters survey could not be a reliable test as the biological indicator of long term exposure to very low dose of radiation exposure in medical professionals which their physical dosimetry values are lower than dose limits. </p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of Infection and Malaria Parasite Density among Under Five Children: A Case Study of Dunukofia Rural Community in Anambra State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
O. A. Okeke ◽  
C.C. Igboka ◽  
N. P. Udeh ◽  
I. O. Nnatuanya ◽  
V. N. Elosiuba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Parasite Density ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: Malaria still remains an overwhelming cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five years of age, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The study was carried out to evaluate malaria prevalence amongst children less than five years old.  Study Design: A cross sectional study was carried out. The study adopted a retrospective descriptive survey using the hospital records and diagnostic cross sectional survey by examination of blood samples across three variables: gender, age group and mosquito net usage. Duration: The study was done in 2021 from the month of March to April in the rural community.  Methodology: Parasitological diagnosis was with Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2-based malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) and microscopy of giemsa-stained blood smears. Demographic information was collected using questionnaire. Results: Three hundred (300) children aged less than five years malaria infection status was investigate, 174 (58.00% ) of them were females while 126 (42.00%. ) were males. Twenty one percent (21.00%) of the respondents are <1 year, 23.33% (70) of them are between the ages of 2 to 3 years, while 55.67% (167) were 4 years and above. Current malaria prevalence was higher with microscopy (67.33%) than that of RDT (23.33%).  Also, previous RDT results showed that there was a higher prevalence (73.56%) of malaria parasites in females than males (58.73%). The microscopy results showed that males had a higher prevalence (38.10%) of malaria parasites than females (12.64%). Overall gender result also revealed that males had a higher prevalence (96.83%) of malaria parasites than females (86.21%). There was a significant difference in the prevalence result with gender (P<0.05). Females had higher parasite density (28.05±15.390) than males (23.22±19.171), there was no significant difference (P>0.05). It further revealed that children from 4 years and above had higher intensity (29.68±17.357) while those of 1 year and below had the least (14.89±16.069). However, there was no significant difference in the malaria parasite among the age groups of patients (P>0.05). Conclusion: Prevalence of malaria parasitaemia was still high in Dunukaofia, Anamba State, Nigeria despite various control measures and interventions put in place by WHO.

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