scholarly journals Analytic Solutions and Stability of Sixth Order Difference Equations

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
H. S. Alayachi ◽  
M. S. M. Noorani ◽  
A. Q. Khan ◽  
M. B. Almatrafi
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equations ◽  
Local Stability ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Fibonacci Sequence ◽  
Analytic Solutions ◽  
Sixth Order ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Order Difference ◽  
Order Difference Equation

In the present paper, the global attractor, local stability, and boundedness of the solution of sixth order difference equations are investigated analytically and numerically. The exact solutions of three equations are presented by utilizing Fibonacci sequence. We also analyse the periodicity of a sixth order difference equation. The considered difference equations are given by yn+1=Ayn−1±Byn−1yn−3/Cyn−3±Dyn−5, n=0,1,…, where the initial conditions y−5,y−4,y−3,y−2,y−1, and y0 are arbitrary real numbers and the values A,B,C, and D are defined as positive real numbers.

scholarly journals Boundedness of solutions and stability of certain second-order difference equation with quadratic term

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emin Bešo ◽  
Senada Kalabušić ◽  
Naida Mujić ◽  
Esmir Pilav
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Quadratic Term ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Order Difference ◽  
Second Order Difference Equation ◽  
Order Difference Equation ◽  
Rational Difference Equation

AbstractWe consider the second-order rational difference equation $$ {x_{n+1}=\gamma +\delta \frac{x_{n}}{x^{2}_{n-1}}}, $$xn+1=γ+δxnxn−12, where γ, δ are positive real numbers and the initial conditions $x_{-1}$x−1 and $x_{0}$x0 are positive real numbers. Boundedness along with global attractivity and Neimark–Sacker bifurcation results are established. Furthermore, we give an asymptotic approximation of the invariant curve near the equilibrium point.

On the solutions of a higher order difference equation

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raafat Abo-Zeid
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Explicit Formula ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Global Behavior ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Order Difference ◽  
Forbidden Set ◽  
Order Difference Equation ◽  
The Difference

AbstractIn this paper, we determine the forbidden set, introduce an explicit formula for the solutions and discuss the global behavior of solutions of the difference equationx_{n+1}=\frac{ax_{n}x_{n-k}}{bx_{n}-cx_{n-k-1}},\quad n=0,1,\ldots,where{a,b,c}are positive real numbers and the initial conditions{x_{-k-1},x_{-k},\ldots,x_{-1},x_{0}}are real numbers. We show that when{a=b=c}, the behavior of the solutions depends on whetherkis even or odd.

scholarly journals Global dynamics of some system of second-order difference equations

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Tran Hong Thai ◽  
Nguyen Anh Dai ◽  
Pham Tuan Anh
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equations ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Global Dynamics ◽  
Solution Existence ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Order Difference ◽  
Boundedness And Persistence ◽  
Invariant Rectangle ◽  
Theoretical Results

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this paper, we study the boundedness and persistence of positive solution, existence of invariant rectangle, local and global behavior, and rate of convergence of positive solutions of the following systems of exponential difference equations</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE1"> \begin{document}$ \begin{align*} x_{n+1} = \dfrac{\alpha_1+\beta_1e^{-x_{n-1}}}{\gamma_1+y_n},\ y_{n+1} = \dfrac{\alpha_2+\beta_2e^{-y_{n-1}}}{\gamma_2+x_n},\\ x_{n+1} = \dfrac{\alpha_1+\beta_1e^{-y_{n-1}}}{\gamma_1+x_n},\ y_{n+1} = \dfrac{\alpha_2+\beta_2e^{-x_{n-1}}}{\gamma_2+y_n}, \end{align*} $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>where the parameters <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ \alpha_i,\ \beta_i,\ \gamma_i $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> for <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ i \in \{1,2\} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> and the initial conditions <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ x_{-1}, x_0, y_{-1}, y_0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> are positive real numbers. Some numerical example are given to illustrate our theoretical results.</p>

scholarly journals On the Solutions of the System of Difference Equationsxn+1=max{A/xn,yn/xn},yn+1=max{A/yn,xn/yn}

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dağistan Simsek ◽  
Bilal Demir ◽  
Cengiz Cinar
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equations ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
System Of Difference Equations ◽  
Positive Real

We study the behavior of the solutions of the following system of difference equationsxn+1=max⁡{A/xn,yn/xn},yn+1=max⁡{A/yn,xn/yn}where the constantAand the initial conditions are positive real numbers.

scholarly journals Dynamics of a Higher-Order System of Difference Equations

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Qinqin Zhang ◽  
Qirui Li
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Positive Solutions ◽  
Difference Equations ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Order System ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Precise Description ◽  
System Of Difference Equations ◽  
Positive Real

Consider the following system of difference equations:xn+1(i)=xn-m+1(i)/Ai∏j=0m-1xn-j(i+j+1)+αi,xn+1(i+m)=xn+1(i),x1-l(i+l)=ai,l,Ai+m=Ai,αi+m=αi,i,l=1,2,…,m;n=0,1,2,…,wheremis a positive integer,Ai,αi,i=1,2,…,m, and the initial conditionsai,l,i,l=1,2,…,m,are positive real numbers. We obtain the expressions of the positive solutions of the system and then give a precise description of the convergence of the positive solutions. Finally, we give some numerical results.

scholarly journals Dynamics of a second-order nonlinear difference system with exponents

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Dilip ◽  
Smitha Mary Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Behavior ◽  
Positive Solutions ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Difference System ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Order Difference

AbstractIn this paper, we study the persistence, boundedness, convergence, invariance and global asymptotic behavior of the positive solutions of the second-order difference system $$\begin{aligned} x_{n+1}&= \alpha _1 + a e ^{-x_{n-1}} + b y_{n} e ^{-y_{n-1}},\\ y_{n+1}&= \alpha _2 +c e ^{-y_{n-1}}+ d x_{n} e ^{-x_{n-1}} \quad n=0,1,2,\ldots \end{aligned}$$ x n + 1 = α 1 + a e - x n - 1 + b y n e - y n - 1 , y n + 1 = α 2 + c e - y n - 1 + d x n e - x n - 1 n = 0 , 1 , 2 , … where $$\alpha _1, \alpha _2, a, b , c,d$$ α 1 , α 2 , a , b , c , d are positive real numbers and the initial conditions $$x_{-1},x_0, y_{-1}, y_0$$ x - 1 , x 0 , y - 1 , y 0 are arbitrary nonnegative numbers.

On some difference equations of exponential form

2018 ◽  
pp. 581-584
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Behavior ◽  
Positive Solutions ◽  
Difference Equations ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Exponential Form ◽  
Numerical Examples

In this paper, the local asymptotic behavior of positive solutions of some exponential difference equations x_(n+1)=(x_n+x_(n-k))/(1+x_(n-k) e^(x_(n-k) ) ) , k ∈ N, n=0,1,2,… are investigated where the initial conditions are arbitrary positive real numbers. Furthermore, some numerical examples are presented to verify our results.

On the solutions of a second-order difference equation in terms of generalized Padovan sequences

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yacine Halim ◽  
Julius Fergy T. Rabago
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Behavior ◽  
Difference Equation ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Solution Stability ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Order Difference ◽  
Second Order Difference Equation ◽  
Order Difference Equation ◽  
Rational Difference Equation

AbstractThis paper deals with the solution, stability character and asymptotic behavior of the rational difference equation$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle x_{n+1}=\frac{\alpha x_{n-1}+\beta}{ \gamma x_{n}x_{n-1}},\qquad n \in \mathbb{N}_{0}, \end{array}$$where ℕ0= ℕ ∪ {0},α,β,γ∈ ℝ+, and the initial conditionsx–1andx0are non zero real numbers such that their solutions are associated to generalized Padovan numbers. Also, we investigate the two-dimensional case of the this equation given by$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle x_{n+1} = \frac{\alpha x_{n-1} + \beta}{\gamma y_n x_{n-1}}, \qquad y_{n+1} = \frac{\alpha y_{n-1} +\beta}{\gamma x_n y_{n-1}} ,\qquad n\in \mathbb{N}_0. \end{array}$$

Global behavior of two third order rational difference equations with quadratic terms

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Abo-Zeid
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Formula ◽  
Difference Equations ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Global Behavior ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Rational Difference Equations ◽  
The Difference

Abstract In this paper, we determine the forbidden sets, introduce an explicit formula for the solutions and discuss the global behaviors of solutions of the difference equations $$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle x_{n+1}=\frac{ax_{n}x_{n-1}}{bx_{n-1}+ cx_{n-2}},\quad n=0,1,\ldots \end{array} $$ where a,b,c are positive real numbers and the initial conditions x−2,x−1,x0 are real numbers.

scholarly journals Explicit Solutions and Bifurcations for a System of Rational Difference Equations

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Bashir Al-Hdaibat ◽  
Saleem Al-Ashhab ◽  
Ramadan Sabra
Keyword(s):  
Hypergeometric Function ◽  
Difference Equations ◽  
Explicit Solution ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Global Dynamics ◽  
Explicit Solutions ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Rational Difference Equations

In this paper, we consider the explicit solution of the following system of nonlinear rational difference equations: x n + 1 = x n - 1 / x n - 1 + r , y n + 1 = x n - 1 y n / x n - 1 y n + r , with initial conditions x - 1 , x 0 and y 0 , which are arbitrary positive real numbers. By doing this, we encounter the hypergeometric function. We also investigate global dynamics of this system. The global dynamics of this system consists of two kind of bifurcations.

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