scholarly journals The Effect of Oxidation on the Far-Field Scattering of Aluminium Patch Antennae from Visible to UV

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Duncan McArthur ◽  
Francesco Papoff
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Effective Medium ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Volume Fractions ◽  
Effective Medium Approach

In this paper we evaluate the effect of oxidation on the total power scattered in the far field by a 60nm radius Al sphere in the presence of a substrate comprised of either Al or silica (SiO2). Using an effective medium approach to model the Al particle with an outer layer of alumina (Al2O3), we find that the UV peak of total energy scattered in the far field shifts towards longer wavelengths for volume fractions of Al2O3 up to 20%. When particles with these volume fractions are held above an Al substrate, enhancement of two orders of magnitudes of the far-field power radiated by a dipole in the gap can be observed. For larger volume fractions of Al2O3, the total intensity of light scattered is significantly reduced.

scholarly journals Energy Recovery Potential in Industrial and Municipal Wastewater Networks Using Micro-Hydropower in Spain

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Aida Mérida García ◽  
Juan Antonio Rodríguez Díaz ◽  
Jorge García Morillo ◽  
Aonghus McNabola
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Recovery Potential

The use of micro-hydropower (MHP) for energy recovery in water distribution networks is becoming increasingly widespread. The incorporation of this technology, which offers low-cost solutions, allows for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions linked to energy consumption. In this work, the MHP energy recovery potential in Spain from all available wastewater discharges, both municipal and private industrial, was assessed, based on discharge licenses. From a total of 16,778 licenses, less than 1% of the sites presented an MHP potential higher than 2 kW, with a total power potential between 3.31 and 3.54 MW. This total was distributed between industry, fish farms and municipal wastewater treatment plants following the proportion 51–54%, 14–13% and 35–33%, respectively. The total energy production estimated reached 29 GWh∙year−1, from which 80% corresponded to sites with power potential over 15 kW. Energy-related industries, not included in previous investigations, amounted to 45% of the total energy potential for Spain, a finding which could greatly influence MHP potential estimates across the world. The estimated energy production represented a potential CO2 emission savings of around 11 thousand tonnes, with a corresponding reduction between M€ 2.11 and M€ 4.24 in the total energy consumption in the country.

scholarly journals On the performance of an ENZ-based sensor using transmission line theory and effective medium approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 043056 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Pacheco-Peña ◽  
M Beruete ◽  
P Rodríguez-Ulibarri ◽  
N Engheta
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
Effective Medium ◽  
Transmission Line Theory ◽  
Line Theory ◽  
Effective Medium Approach

scholarly journals A holistic approach for the optimization of offshore wind farm layouts considering cable layouts

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Ilayda Ulku ◽  
Cigdem Alabas-Uslu
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Electrical Cable ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Wake Effects

A wind farm, mainly, is composed of a set of turbines, one or more transmitters and a set of electrical cable connections between turbines and transmitters. Determination of turbine locations within the farm to maximize total power generation is called turbine location (TL) problem. Relative turbine positions affect the amount of overall energy because of wake effects. Determination of cable connections among turbines and transmitters to collect produced energy by turbines at transmitters is called cable layout (CL) problem. While TL problem is directly effective on the total energy production in the farm, CL problem indirectly affects the total energy due to the power losses. In the literature, TL and CL problems are solved sequentially where the layout found by solving of TL is used as an input of CL problem. To minimize wake effects in TL problem, distances between turbine pairs should be increased, however, as the distances are increased the cable cost increases in CL problem. A new mathematical model is developed to deal with simultaneously solving of TL and CL problems. A set of test instances are used to show the performance of the proposed model. The experiments show the practical use of the proposed holistic model.

Effective-medium approach for counterpropagating waves in nonuniform Bragg gratings

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awdah Arraf ◽  
L. Poladian ◽  
C. Martijn de Sterke ◽  
T. G. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Effective Medium ◽  
Counterpropagating Waves ◽  
Effective Medium Approach
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