scholarly journals Effect of Electroacupuncture on Reuptake of Serotonin via miRNA-16 Expression in a Rat Model of Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Huiling Tian ◽  
Hongtao Song ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Tong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Exploratory Behavior ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

The current study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment applied to Bai hui (GV20) and Yin tang (GV29) acupoints (1 mA, 2 Hz, continuous wave, 20 minutes) for 28 days in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on reuptake of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) and miRNA-16 levels in the hippocampus and serum. Rats were housed in individual cages, and CUMS was used to establish a rat model of depression. After EA treatment for 4 weeks, behavioral changes and indices including 5-HT transporter (SERT), 5-HT, and miRNA-16 levels in the hippocampus and serum were examined. The EA treatment significantly improved base levels of sucrose preference and exploratory behavior and significantly decreased SERT protein and mRNA expression in the hippocampus of depressed rats. Significantly increased 5-HT levels were observed, and miRNA-16 levels were significantly decreased in the hippocampus and serum of depressed rats. In conclusion, the antidepressant effects of EA treatment may be affected via inhibition of 5-HT reuptake, upregulation of 5-HT levels, and inhibition of miRNA-16 expression in the hippocampus and serum.

scholarly journals Jiaotai Wan exerts antidepressant effects through regulating gut microbiota in rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueer Wang ◽  
Zhu Li ◽  
Man Feng ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Tongyao Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Open Field ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

Abstract This study used 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing to determine the effects of Jiaotai Wan on gut microflora of rats experiencing chronic unpredictable mild stress. We randomly divided 135 healthy male rats into nine groups. All groups except the control received chronic unpredictable mild stress. Rats were weighed before being subjected to sucrose preference and open field tests. Rat fecal samples were used for 16s rDNA high-throughput sequencing; the results allowed us to determine gut microfloral structure and changes. The stress treatment decreased body weight, sucrose preference, and performance in open field tests from control levels. Beta diversity of gut microflora differed across rat groups. Jiaotai Wan increased Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia abundance, while decreasing Ruminococcaceae abundance. Therefore, Jiaotai Wan may exert antidepressant effects through regulating microbial abundance in the gut.

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture Regulates Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction by Decreasing Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in a Rat Model of IBS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ying Chen ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Dan-ni Luo ◽  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Visceral Pain ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Double Staining ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups

Objective. Acupuncture is effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, the mechanisms of action are not fully understood. We aim to explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) in the dual regulation of disorders of gut-brain interaction. Methods. A rat model of IBS was generated by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Eight of 32 rats were assigned to the blank control group. The remaining 24 rats received CUMS for 14 days. Then, the rats surviving and successfully modelled were randomly divided into the CUMS group, the CUMS+EA group, and the CUMS+PB (pinaverium bromide) group. In the next 14 days of treatment, rats in the CUMS+EA group were acupunctured at ST25 (Tianshu), ST36 (Zusanli), SP6 (Sanyinjiao), and LR3 (Taichong) for 15 min every day. Rats in the CUMS+PB group were treated by the administration of gavage with 2.7 mg/mL pinaverium every day. Visceral pain threshold, the percentage of time spent in open arms (OT%) in the elevated plus maze test (EPMT), and the sucrose preference (SP%) in the sucrose preference test (SPT) were measured at baseline, day 15, and day 30. The expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), the morphology of the connective structure of intestinal epithelium, the CRF and CRF-R1 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, and the double staining of intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) and CRF-R1 were measured at the end of the experiment. Results. Compared with the blank control group, visceral pain threshold pressure, the expression of ZO-1, OT%, SP%, CRF, and CRF-R1 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, and double staining of IMMC and CRF-R1 were decreased significantly in the CUMS group. Meanwhile, the morphology of the connective structure in the CUMS group was indistinct. Compared with the CUMS group, SP% was significantly increased in the CUMS+EA group, but there was no significant difference for it in the CUMS+PB group. The morphology of the connective structure in the two treatment groups was clear and seeable. And the expression of other parameters mentioned above was apparently increased in the two treatment groups. Compared with the CUMS+PB group, the expression of ZO-1 in the CUMS+EA group was significantly enhanced. And no obvious difference for other parameters was found between the two treatment groups. Conclusions. EA treatment can decrease the expression of hypothalamic CRF and CRF-R1, relieve anxiety and depression, meanwhile reduce the expression of CRF-R1 in the gastrointestinal mucosa, increase ZO-1 expression, and adjust tight junctions (TJs) to repair the intestinal mucosal barrier. The above roles suggest that EA may play a dual role in alleviating the gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms of IBS, suggesting a potentially dual therapeutic role for EA in regulating disorders of gut-brain interaction in IBS rats.

scholarly journals Helicid Reverses the Effect of Overexpressing NCALD, Which Blocks the sGC/cGMP/PKG Signaling Pathway in the CUMS-Induced Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xiao-Tong Zhang ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Yuan-Xiang Zhang ◽  
Zhen-Yi Jiang ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

Background. Increasing evidence has shown that apoptosis in the hippocampus is closely related to depressive-like behavior. We previously reported that helicid had good antidepressant activities, which manifested as the alleviation of depression-like behaviors and the reversal of the high expression of neurocalcin delta (NCALD) in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats. The aim of this study was, therefore, to characterize the antidepressant-like effects and underlying mechanism of helicid on CUMS rats by silencing NCALD and using rescue experiments. Methods. We developed the CUMS rat model using CUMS stimulation from week 0 to week 6. The rats were treated with helicid, or NCALD silenced, then we overexpressed NCALD using adeno-associated virus. We also measured the protein levels of sGCα1, sGCβ1, PKG1/2, and cleaved caspase-3 in hippocampal tissues using western blotting and measured cGMP using an ELISA. Results. Treating CUMS rats by silencing NCALD or by the administration of helicid improved the depressive-like behavior. The levels of proteins, including sGC, PKG, cleaved caspase-3, and cGMP, in hippocampus all decreased. NCALD overexpression reversed these decreases and reversed the alleviation of depression-like behaviors in CUMS rats. Limitation. We only detected the antidepressant effects of helicid in the hippocampus; therefore, other parts of brain should also be studied. Conclusions. Inhibition of NCALD, as well as helicid administration, alleviated antidepressant-like behavior by regulating the expressions of apoptotic cytokines and the sGC/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway. Overexpressing NCALD reversed the amelioration effects of silenced NCALD and helicid administration.

scholarly journals Antidepressant Effects of Rhodomyrtone in Mice with Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Chai ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Haoqiang Zhan ◽  
Xueqian Li ◽  
Zhipeng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

A metabolomics-based approach for ranking the depressive level in a chronic unpredictable mild stress rat model

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (31) ◽  
pp. 25751-25765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Yu ◽  
Shanlei Qiao ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
Jiayong Dai ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Metabolomics Study

An untargeted metabolomics study to investigate the metabolome change in plasma, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) in an animal model with a major depressive disorder (MDD) had been conducted.

Antidepressant-like effects of Xiaochaihutang in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Yue Su ◽  
Jing Yu Yang ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Jie Ma ◽  
Kuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress
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