scholarly journals Effect of Premedication on the Success of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Patients with Irreversible Pulpitis: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meric Karapinar-Kazandag ◽  
Jale Tanalp ◽  
Handan Ersev
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
English Language ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Google Search ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Irreversible Pulpitis

Background. Failure in the provision of inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia (IANB) is a significant problem during endodontic treatment of irreversible pulpitis. Various methodologies have been advocated one of which is administration of premedication prior to anesthesia. Despite the considerable number of reports, the topic yet deserves more clarification. This systematic review was conducted to provide an oversight on the effectiveness of premedication prior to IANB in mandibular teeth. Methods. A PubMed and Cochrane Database search was conducted by using MeSH terms inferior alveolar nerve block + pulpitis and mandibular anesthesia+pulpitis. Two reviewers independently performed the screening, selection of papers, and data extraction. Papers in English language that included randomized clinical studies on the impact of different medications on the success of inferior alveolar block anesthesia in irreversible pulpitis were included. Additionally, relevant supporting literature was also used where necessary. Results. Initially, 118 papers were selected from PubMed and 68 were selected from Cochrane. Five additional articles were retrieved from Google Search. Following the elimination of duplicates and irrelevant articles, 35 studies were selected meeting the criteria. It was observed that there was moderate evidence to suggest that some premedications were partially effective for the enhancement of mandibular anesthetic effect in irreversible pulpitis. Conclusion. Though some medications appear to be promising, further supporting research will help highlight this significant topic which requires further clarification.

scholarly journals Oral Ketorolac with Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block for Irreversible Pulpitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowri Sivaramakrishnan ◽  
Kannan Sridharan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Irreversible Pulpitis

Background: Ketorolac has advantages over other analgesics as a pre-anaesthetic medication. Considering this in mind, the present meta-analysis aims to identify the effect of oral ketorolac premedication on the anaesthetic efficacy of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB) in patients with irreversible pulpitis. Methods: Full-texts of eligible studies were obtained from electronic databases. The extracted data was analysed using non-Cochrane mode in RevMan 5.0 software. Relative risk [95% CI] was calculated for the success of IANB. Results: Four studies were included for the final review. The success rate of IANB on 221 patients with relative risk of 1.87 [1.36, 2.56] was statistically significant favouring ketorolac. The mean difference for VAS in 171 patients was not statistically significant {-13.55 [-33.91, 6.82]}. Conclusion: Oral ketorolac can be successfully administered as a premedication before conventional inferior alveolar nerve block for endodontic treatment for irreversible pulpitis.

A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANESTHETIC EFFICACY OF 4% ARTICAINE WITH 1:100000 EPINEPHRINE AND 2% LIDOCAINE WITH 1:100000 EPINEPHRINE FOR INFERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE BLOCK AND LONG BUCCAL NERVE BLOCK DURING ROOT CANAL TREATMENT: AN IN VIVO STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Nupur Vasava ◽  
Chintan Joshi ◽  
Vaishali Parekh
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Anesthetic Techniques ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Irreversible Pulpitis

Background: It is important to control the pain associated with root canal treatment (RCT) in endodontic. Pain accompanying fear and anxiety due to endodontic treatment can be reduced by anesthetic techniques. The present study aims to compare the effect of articaine versus lidocaine local anesthesia for inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) and long buccal nerve block on pain during RCT. METHODS: Twenty patients diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis of mandibular posterior tooth were selected. The patients randomly received either cartridge of lidocaine or articaine using IANB and long buccal nerve block. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of ten. Group 1: patients received IANB and long buccal nerve block 2% lidocaine with 1:100000 epinephrine. Group 2: patients received IANB and long buccal nerve block with 4% articaine with 1:100000 epinephrine. Before the Injection, the patient received all information about the visual analysis scale (VAS). Pain was evaluated using VAS scale in numberic value 1 to 10 number. The pain was evaluated at three different stages: before administration of LA, after immediate access opening, and after immediate obturation procedure. Data were analyzed using various suitable statistical tests. RESULT: The mean value of efcacy of pain before administration of local anesthesia (LA) was 8.50 ± 0.97 for lidocaine and 8.30 ± 0.48 for articaine had no signicant difference. A signicant difference was observed at two different duration after immediate access opening and after immediate obturation where articaine has a lower mean value 3.60 ± 1.08 and 1.60 ± 0.17 respectively (P>0.05) as compared to the mean value of lidocaine 4.10 ± 1.10 and 1.60 ± 0.17 respectively Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, in cases of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis articaine 4% did not alleviate pain much and showed better anesthetic efcacy than 2% lidocaine with IANB and long buccal nerve block.

scholarly journals Cancer services during the COVID-19 pandemic: systematic review of patients' and caregivers' experiences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Symran Dhada ◽  
Derek Stewart ◽  
Ejaz Cheema ◽  
Muhammed Abdul Hadi ◽  
Vibhu Paudyal
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
English Language ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Cancer Services ◽  
Data Extraction Form ◽  
The Impact

Background Cancer patients have faced intersecting crises in the face of COVID-19 pandemic. This review aimed to examine patients' and caregivers' experiences of accessing cancer services during the COVID-19 pandemic and perceived impact of the pandemic on their psychological wellbeing. Methods A protocol-led (CRD42020214906) systematic review was conducted by searching six databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE and CINAHL for articles published in English-language between 1/2020-12/2020. Data were extracted using a pilot-tested, structured data extraction form. Thematic synthesis of data was undertaken and reported as per the PRISMA guideline. Results A total of 1110 articles were screened of which 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies originated from 10 different countries including the US, UK, India and China. Several themes were identified which were categorised into seven categories. Postponement and delays in cancer screening and treatment, drug shortages and inadequate nursing care were commonly experienced by patients. Hospital closures, resource constraints, national lockdowns and patient reluctance to use health services because of infection worries contributed to the delay. Financial and social distress, isolation; and spiritual distress due to the uncertainty of rites as well as fulfilment of last wishes were also commonly reported. Caregivers felt anxious about infecting cancer patients with COVID-19. Conclusions Patients and caregivers experienced extensive impact of COVID-19 on cancer screening, treatment and care, and their own psychological wellbeing. Patient and caregiver views and preferences should be incorporated in ensuring resilient cancer services that can minimise the impact of ongoing and future pandemic on cancer care and mitigate patient fears.

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