scholarly journals Serum Autofluorescence and Biochemical Markers in Athlete’s Response to Strength Effort in Normobaric Hypoxia: A Preliminary Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Drzazga ◽  
Izabela Schisler ◽  
Stanisław Poprzęcki ◽  
Anna Michnik ◽  
Miłosz Czuba
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Biochemical Assay ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Altitude Training

The human organism has the ability to adapt to hypoxia conditions. Training in hypoxia is used in sport to improve the efficiency of athletes; however, type of training affects the direction and scope of this process. Therefore, in this study, the usefulness of serum fluorescence spectroscopy to study the assessment of athlete’s response to strength effort in hypoxia is considered in comparison with biochemical assay. Six resistance-trained male subjects took part in a research experiment. They performed barbell squats in simulated normobaric hypoxic conditions with deficiency of oxygen 11.3%, 13% 14.3% compared to 21% in normoxic conditions. Fluorescence intensity of tyrosine revealed high sensitivity on strength effort whereas tryptophan was more dependent on high altitude. Changes in emission in the visible region are associated with altering cell metabolism dependent on high altitude as well as strength training and endurance training. Significant changes in serum fluorescence intensity with relatively weak modifications in biochemical assay at 3000 m above sea level (ASL) were observed. Training at 5000 m ASL caused changes in fluorescence parameters towards the normobaric specific values, and pronounced decreases of lactate level and kinase creatine activity were observed. Such modifications of fluorescence and biochemical assay indicate increased adaptation of the organism to effort in oxygen-deficient conditions at 5000 m ASL, unlike 3000 m ASL. Fluorescence spectroscopy study of serum accompanied by biochemical assay can contribute to the understanding of metabolic regulation and the physiological response to hypoxia. The results of serum autofluorescence during various concepts of altitude training may be a useful method to analyze individual response to acute and chronic hypoxia. An endogenous tryptophan could be exploited as intrinsic biomarker in autofluorescence studies. However, these issues require further research.

scholarly journals Detection of metal ions in biological systems: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zheng ◽  
Wenyu Cheng ◽  
Chendong Ji ◽  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Meizhen Yin
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Transportation Energy ◽  
Material Transportation ◽  
High Fluorescence ◽  
Metal Ion Detection

Abstract Metal ions are widely present in biological systems and participate in many critical biochemical processes such as material transportation, energy conversion, information transmission and metabolic regulation, making them indispensable substance in our body. They can cause health problems when deficiency or excess occurs. To understand various metabolic processes and facilitate diseases diagnosis, it is very important to measure the content and monitor the distribution of metal ions in individual cells, tissues and whole organisms. Among the various methods for metal ion detection, fluorescent sensors with organic dyes have attracted tremendous attention due to many advantages such as high fluorescence quantum yield, facile modification approaches and biocompatibility in addition to operation ease, high sensitivity, fast detection speed, and real-time detection. This review summarizes the recent progress on the detection and imaging of the metal ions in biological systems including Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+/Fe3+, Zn2+, and Cu2+ provides an opinion on remaining challenges to be addressed in this field.

scholarly journals High sensitivity UV fluorescence spectroscopy based on an optofluidic jet waveguide

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 24219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Persichetti ◽  
Genni Testa ◽  
Romeo Bernini
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Uv Fluorescence

Individual variation in response to altitude training

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1448-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Chapman ◽  
James Stray-Gundersen ◽  
Benjamin D. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Moderate Altitude ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
The Individual

Moderate-altitude living (2,500 m), combined with low-altitude training (1,250 m) (i.e., live high-train low), results in a significantly greater improvement in maximal O2 uptake (V˙o 2 max) and performance over equivalent sea-level training. Although the mean improvement in group response with this “high-low” training model is clear, the individual response displays a wide variability. To determine the factors that contribute to this variability, 39 collegiate runners (27 men, 12 women) were retrospectively divided into responders ( n = 17) and nonresponders ( n = 15) to altitude training on the basis of the change in sea-level 5,000-m run time determined before and after 28 days of living at moderate altitude and training at either low or moderate altitude. In addition, 22 elite runners were examined prospectively to confirm the significance of these factors in a separate population. In the retrospective analysis, responders displayed a significantly larger increase in erythropoietin (Epo) concentration after 30 h at altitude compared with nonresponders. After 14 days at altitude, Epo was still elevated in responders but was not significantly different from sea-level values in nonresponders. The Epo response led to a significant increase in total red cell volume andV˙o 2 max in responders; in contrast, nonresponders did not show a difference in total red cell volume or V˙o 2 maxafter altitude training. Nonresponders demonstrated a significant slowing of interval-training velocity at altitude and thus achieved a smaller O2 consumption during those intervals, compared with responders. The acute increases in Epo and V˙o 2 maxwere significantly higher in the prospective cohort of responders, compared with nonresponders, to altitude training. In conclusion, after a 28-day altitude training camp, a significant improvement in 5,000-m run performance is, in part, dependent on 1) living at a high enough altitude to achieve a large acute increase in Epo, sufficient to increase the total red cell volume andV˙o 2 max, and 2) training at a low enough altitude to maintain interval training velocity and O2 flux near sea-level values.

FLUORESCENCE CHANGE OF HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN INDUCED BY METHYL VIOLET

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3 (253)) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
M.A. Shahinyan ◽  
N.H. Petrosyan ◽  
A.P. Antonyan
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Conformational Change ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Methyl Violet ◽  
Spectroscopy Method ◽  
Intensity Maximum ◽  
Fluorescence Change

The interaction of methyl violet (MV) with human serum albumin (HSA) has been studied, using the fluorescence spectroscopy method. It was shown that MV chnages the own fluorescence of HSA. It was also shown that MV does not induce any conformational change in the structure of HSA, since there is no change of the wavelength of HSA fluorescence intensity maximum. MV binds to HSA, near to fluorescing tryptophan, which in the hydrophilic environment, and changes the own fluorescence of the protein.

New Methods for Time-resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy Data Analysis Based on the Laguerre Expansion Technique

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (02) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Marcu ◽  
Q. Fang ◽  
T. Papaioannou ◽  
J. Qiao ◽  
M. Fishbein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Laguerre Expansion ◽  
Tissue Diagnosis ◽  
Expansion Technique ◽  
Laguerre Basis

Summary Objectives : A new deconvolution method for the analysis of time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TR-LIFS) data is introduced and applied for tissue diagnosis. Method : The intrinsic TR-LIFS decays are expanded on a Laguerre basis, and the computed Laguerre expansion coefficients (LEC) are used to characterize the sample fluorescence emission. The method was applied for the diagnosis of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques. Results : At a first stage, using a rabbit atherosclerotic model, 73 TR-LIFS in-vivo measurements from the normal and atherosclerotic aorta segments of eight rabbits were taken. The Laguerre deconvolution technique was able to accurately deconvolve the TR-LIFS measurements. More interesting, the LEC reflected the changes in the arterial biochemical composition and provided discrimination of lesions rich in macrophages/foamcells with high sensitivity (> 85%) and specificity (> 95%). At a second stage, 348 TR-LIFS measurements were obtained from the explanted carotid arteries of 30 patients. Lesions with significant inflammatory cells (macrophages/foam-cells and lymphocytes) were detected with high sensitivity (> 80%) and specificity (> 90%), using LEC-based classifiers. Conclusion : This study has demonstrated the potential of using TR-LIFS information by means of LEC for in- vivo tissue diagnosis, and specifically for detecting inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions, a key marker of plaque vulnerability.

scholarly journals Impact of Energy Availability, Health, and Sex on Hemoglobin-Mass Responses Following Live-High–Train-High Altitude Training in Elite Female and Male Distance Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1090-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida A. Heikura ◽  
Louise M. Burke ◽  
Dan Bergland ◽  
Arja L.T. Uusitalo ◽  
Antti A. Mero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Hypoxic Exposure ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Hemoglobin Mass ◽  
And Training ◽  
Low Energy Availability ◽  
Rebreathing Method

Purpose: The authors investigated the effects of sex, energy availability (EA), and health status on the change in hemoglobin mass (ΔHbmass) in elite endurance athletes over ∼3–4 wk of live-high–train-high altitude training in Flagstaff, AZ (2135 m; n = 27 women; n = 21 men; 27% 2016 Olympians). Methods: Precamp and postcamp Hbmass (optimized carbon monoxide rebreathing method) and iron status were measured, EA was estimated via food and training logs, and a Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAFQ) and a general injury/illness questionnaire were completed. Hypoxic exposure (h) was calculated with low (<500 h), moderate (500–600 h), and high (>600 h) groupings. Results: Absolute and relative percentage ΔHbmass was significantly greater in women (6.2% [4.0%], P < .001) than men (3.2% [3.3%], P = .008). %ΔHbmass showed a dose–response with hypoxic exposure (3.1% [3.8%] vs 4.9% [3.8%] vs 6.8% [3.7%], P = .013). Hbmasspre was significantly higher in eumenorrheic vs amenorrheic women (12.2 [1.0] vs 11.3 [0.5] g/kg, P = .004). Although statistically underpowered, %ΔHbmass was significantly less in sick (n = 4, −0.5% [0.4%]) vs healthy (n = 44, 5.4% [3.8%], P < .001) athletes. There were no significant correlations between self-reported iron intake, sex hormones, or EA on Hbmass outcomes. However, there was a trend for a negative correlation between LEAFQ score and %ΔHbmass (r = −.353, P = .07). Conclusions: The findings confirm the importance of baseline Hbmass and exposure to hypoxia on increases in Hbmass during altitude training, while emphasizing the importance of athlete health and indices of EA on an optimal baseline Hbmass and hematological response to hypoxia.

Synthesis and Detection Experiments of a Biomolecule Detection Probe Based on Fluorescence Changes

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 336-339
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Da Hai Ren
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Fluorescence Probe ◽  
Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
Resonance Energy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fluorescence Probes ◽  
Biomolecule Detection ◽  
Detection Probe ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

The sensitivity of fluorescence probes built upon the resonance energy transfer is not high enough at present. We built a fluorescence probe with high sensitivity (SA-488-sub-nanogold) by means of the fluorochrome Alexa488 (SA-488) labeled by streptavidin, nanogold, and biotin-subpeptide. When the fluorescence molecule SA-488 binds with the nanogold by biotin-subpeptide, the fluorescence intensity will be suppressed because of resonance energy transfer. If there are molecules under test, the energy transfer will be blocked, by which we can get the molecule content from the fluorescence intensity. Using this probe, we acquired a lower detection limit and a higher sensitivity for biotin detection.

Evidence Of Negative Energy Balance In Elite Kenyan Endurance Runners During Intense High-altitude Training

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S142
Author(s):  
Barry Fudge ◽  
Klaas R. Westerterp ◽  
Festus K. Kiplamai ◽  
Vincent O. Onywera ◽  
Michael K. Boit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Endurance Runners

Evidence Of Negative Energy Balance In Elite Kenyan Endurance Runners During Intense High-altitude Training

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S142
Author(s):  
Barry Fudge ◽  
Klaas R. Westerterp ◽  
Festus K. Kiplamai ◽  
Vincent O. Onywera ◽  
Michael K. Boit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Endurance Runners
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