scholarly journals Recovery of Boron from Underground Brine by Continuous Centrifugal Extraction with 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol (EHD) and Its Mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xuebing Fan ◽  
Xiaoping Yu ◽  
Yafei Guo ◽  
Tianlong Deng
Keyword(s):  
Underground Water ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Back Extraction ◽  
Underground Brine ◽  
Extraction Mechanism ◽  
Boric Acid Ester ◽  
Centrifugal Extraction

In order to economical and environmental-friendly recycle of boron from underground brine, the extraction of boron was carried out in this work by the continuous centrifugal technique using 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol (EHD) + sulfonated kerosene (SK) extraction system, and the extraction mechanism was also investigated by the combination of FT-IR with slope method. The results showed that boron can be effectively extracted from underground water with the concentration of boron 5.43 g·L−1 by five-stage centrifugal extraction using 30% EHD + 70% SK at pH = 2.0–3.0, R(O/A) = 1 : 2, and the extraction rate reached 98.46%. Boron in the organic phase can be well five-stage back-extracted by 1.0 mol·L−1·NaOH at R(O/A) = 1 : 1 with a back-extraction rate of 97.00%. About 88.32% boron in the aqueous phase obtained by back-extraction can be recycled in H3BO3 form by evaporation crystallization after acidified to pH < 2.5. The extraction mechanism indicated that the extraction is completed mainly based on the esterification reaction between alcoholic hydroxyl in EHD and -OH in B(OH)3 at the stoichiometric ratio 1 : 1 to generate a stable six-membered ring structure of boric acid ester.

scholarly journals Back-Extraction Rate of Bis(dithizonato)zinc(II).

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi KAWAMOTO ◽  
Hideyuki ITABASHI ◽  
Mamoru NEMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Back Extraction

scholarly journals Study on the 4-ethyl-2(α-methyl benzyl) phenol Extraction-Separation Between Rubidium and Potassium

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 03069
Author(s):  
Zheng-gen Huang ◽  
Lian-ying An ◽  
He-yin Yi ◽  
Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Lake ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Separation Coefficient ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Underground Brine ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Extraction And Separation

More than 92% of rubidium resources on the earth exist in salt lake brine and underground brine. Rubidium in brine coexists with a large amount of potassium with very similar physical and chemical properties, making the extraction technology of rubidium extremely difficult, and a large amount of rubidium resources in brine have not been rationally utilized. Therefore, the development of a new type of high-selectivity rubidium-potassium separation extractant is of great significance to the establishment of efficient separation and extraction technology of rubidium. By modifying the structure of 4-tert-butyl-2-(α-methylbenzyl)phenol, the traditional rubidium extractant, the steric hindrance effect of tert-butyl is reduced and the reaction efficiency of rubidium and extractant is improved. A new extractant 4-ethyl-2-(α-methylbenzyl)phenol was obtained. The thesis carried out the research on the extraction and separation performance of potassium rubidium 4-ethyl-2-(α-methylbenzyl)phenol. The results show that the new extraction agent 4-ethyl-2-(α-methylbenzyl)phenol and potassium rubidium brine are extracted and separated with a ratio of 10:1. The minimum separation coefficient of rubidium potassium can reach 15 or more, showing excellent separation performance ; When the organic phase is composed of 0.8mol/L extractant and D60 solvent oil, the alkalinity of the aqueous phase is 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide, and the extraction time is 3 minutes, the single-stage extraction rate of rubidium can reach more than 76.0%, rubidium potassium The separation coefficient can reach more than 26. After repeated use, the extraction rate of rubidium can be maintained above 73% and the separation coefficient of rubidium potassium can reach 23, without a significant drop. It provides a new way and idea for the extraction and separation technology of rubidium in high potassium brine.

Void-Lattice Formation in Natural Fluorite by Electron Irradiation

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 614-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.E. Murr
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Anion Vacancies ◽  
Cation And Anion Vacancies ◽  
Lattice Formation

The production of void lattices in metals as a result of displacement damage associated with high energy and heavy ion bombardment is now well documented. More recently, Murr has shown that a void lattice can be developed in natural (colored) fluorites observed in the transmission electron microscope. These were the first observations of a void lattice in an irradiated nonmetal, and the first, direct observations of color-center aggregates. Clinard, et al. have also recently observed a void lattice (described as a high density of aligned "pores") in neutron irradiated Al2O3 and Y2O3. In this latter work, itwas pointed out that in order that a cavity be formed,a near-stoichiometric ratio of cation and anion vacancies must aggregate. It was reasoned that two other alternatives to explain the pores were cation metal colloids and highpressure anion gas bubbles.Evans has proposed that void lattices result from the presence of a pre-existing impurity lattice, and predicted that the formation of a void lattice should restrict swelling in irradiated materials because it represents a state of saturation.

Small Angle Electron Scattering From Vacuum Condensed Metallic Films

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 380-381
Author(s):  
J. Silcox ◽  
R. H. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Metallic Films ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Kinematical Theory

Recent work has drawn attention to the possibilities that small angle electron scattering offers as a source of information about the micro-structure of vacuum condensed films. In particular, this serves as a good detector of discontinuities within the films. A review of a kinematical theory describing the small angle scattering from a thin film composed of discrete particles packed close together will be presented. Such a model could be represented by a set of cylinders packed side by side in a two dimensional fluid-like array, the axis of the cylinders being normal to the film and the length of the cylinders becoming the thickness of the film. The Fourier transform of such an array can be regarded as a ring structure around the central beam in the plane of the film with the usual thickness transform in a direction normal to the film. The intensity profile across the ring structure is related to the radial distribution function of the spacing between cylinders.

Immunoelectron microscope detection of C-type natriuretic peptide in normal human atrial tissue

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 388-389
Author(s):  
Chi-Ming Wei ◽  
Margaret Hukee ◽  
Christopher G.A. McGregor ◽  
John C. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Terminal Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Peptide ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
The Brain

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a newly identified peptide that is structurally related to atrial (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). CNP exists as a 22-amino acid peptide and like ANP and BNP has a 17-amino acid ring formed by a disulfide bond. Unlike these two previously identified cardiac peptides, CNP lacks the COOH-terminal amino acid extension from the ring structure. ANP, BNP and CNP decrease cardiac preload, but unlike ANP and BNP, CNP is not natriuretic. While ANP and BNP have been localized to the heart, recent investigations have failed to detect CNP mRNA in the myocardium although small concentrations of CNP are detectable in the porcine myocardium. While originally localized to the brain, recent investigations have localized CNP to endothelial cells consistent with a paracrine role for CNP in the control of vascular tone. While CNP has been detected in cardiac tissue by radioimmunoassay, no studies have demonstrated CNP localization in normal human heart by immunoelectron microscopy.

Hydraulic account of underground water-supplies

2019 ◽  
Vol 330 (7) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
K.E. Allahverdiyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Underground Water ◽  
Water Supplies

PROTOTYPE ALAT PEMANTAU SALURAN AIR BAWAH TANAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN WEBCAM C170 BERBASIS RASPBERRY PI

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Irwansyah Irwansyah ◽  
Hendra Kusumah ◽  
Muhammad Syarif
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Laptop Computer ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
Disaster Monitoring ◽  
The Times ◽  
Human Desire

Along with the times, recently there have been found tool to facilitate human’s work. Electronics is one of technology to facilitate human’s work. One of human desire is being safe, so that people think to make a tool which can monitor the surrounding condition without being monitored with people’s own eyes. Public awareness of the underground water channels currently felt still very little so frequent floods. To avoid the flood disaster monitoring needs to be done to underground water channels.This tool is controlled via a web browser. for the components used in this monitoring system is the Raspberry Pi technology where the system can take pictures in real time with the help of Logitech C170 webcam camera. web browser and Raspberry Pi make everyone can control the devices around with using smartphone, laptop, computer and ipad. This research is expected to be able to help the users in knowing the blockage on water flow and monitored around in realtime.

Chow Rings, Decomposition of the Diagonal, and the Topology of Families (AM-187)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Voisin
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Chow Groups ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Complete Intersections ◽  
Algebraic Varieties ◽  
Chow Ring ◽  
Hodge Structures ◽  
Chow Rings ◽  
Geometric Methods ◽  
The Right

This book provides an introduction to algebraic cycles on complex algebraic varieties, to the major conjectures relating them to cohomology, and even more precisely to Hodge structures on cohomology. The book is intended for both students and researchers, and not only presents a survey of the geometric methods developed in the last thirty years to understand the famous Bloch-Beilinson conjectures, but also examines recent work by the author. It focuses on two central objects: the diagonal of a variety—and the partial Bloch-Srinivas type decompositions it may have depending on the size of Chow groups—as well as its small diagonal, which is the right object to consider in order to understand the ring structure on Chow groups and cohomology. An exploration of a sampling of recent works by the author looks at the relation, conjectured in general by Bloch and Beilinson, between the coniveau of general complete intersections and their Chow groups and a very particular property satisfied by the Chow ring of K3 surfaces and conjecturally by hyper-Kähler manifolds. In particular, the book delves into arguments originating in Nori's work that have been further developed by others.

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