scholarly journals Protein-Based Salivary Profiles as Novel Biomarkers for Oral Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro I. Lorenzo-Pouso ◽  
Mario Pérez-Sayáns ◽  
Susana B. Bravo ◽  
Pía López-Jornet ◽  
María García-Vence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Biological Matrix ◽  
Severe Periodontal Disease ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Proteins And Peptides ◽  
Untreated Dental Caries

The Global Burden of Oral Diseases affects 3.5 billion people worldwide, representing the number of people affected by the burden of untreated dental caries, severe periodontal disease, and edentulism. Thus, much more efforts in terms of diagnostics and treatments must be provided in the fight of these outcomes. In this sense, recently, the study of saliva as biological matrix has been identified as a new landmark initiative in the search of novel and useful biomarkers to prevent and diagnose these conditions. Specifically, saliva is a rich reservoir of different proteins and peptides and accessible due to recent advances in molecular biology and specially in targeted and unbiased proteomics technologies. Nonetheless, emerging barriers are an obstacle to the study of the salivary proteome in an effective way. This review aims at giving an overall perspective of salivary biomarkers identified in several oral diseases by means of molecular biology approaches.

Investigation of probiotic bacteria as dental caries and periodontal disease biotherapeutics

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Saha ◽  
C. Tomaro-Duchesneau ◽  
L. Rodes ◽  
M. Malhotra ◽  
M. Tabrizian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Oral Inflammation

Oral diseases, specifically dental caries and periodontal disease, are characterised by increases in pathogenic microorganisms, increased demineralisation and increased inflammation and levels of inflammatory markers. Despite the therapeutic strategies, oral diseases have elevated prevalence rates. Recent work has demonstrated that probiotic bio-therapeutics can decrease oral pathogen counts, including caries-causing Streptococcus mutans and oral inflammation. The aim of this work was to investigate putative probiotic bacteria, selected for S. mutans inhibition and for their oral health-promoting characteristics. The probiotic bacteria were screened for S. mutans inhibition, probiotic bacteriocin activity, salivary pH modulation, probiotic nutrient (sucrose) competition, probiotic co-aggregation with S. mutans, bacterial attachment to oral epithelial keratinocytes, bacterial nitric oxide production and bacterial antioxidant activity. The results indicate that Lactobacillus reuteri strains NCIMB 701359, NCIMB 701089, NCIMB 702655 and NCIMB 702656 inhibited S. mutans to non-detectable levels (<10 cfu/ml). L. reuteri strains also demonstrated the highest antioxidant capacity of the tested strains (7.73-13.99 µM Trolox equivalents), suggesting their use as both caries and periodontal disease therapeutics. Although Lactobacillus fermentum NCIMB 5221 inhibited S. mutans at lower levels, it significantly buffered the pH (4.18) of saliva containing S. mutans, co-aggregated with S. mutans (10.09%), demonstrated high levels of sucrose consumption (138.11 mM) and successfully attached to gingival epithelial cells (11%). This study identified four L. reuteri strains and one L. fermentum strain to be further investigated as oral disease biotherapeutics.

scholarly journals Depression, periodontitis, caries and missing teeth in the USA, NHANES 2009–2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e000583
Author(s):  
Muath Aldosari ◽  
Mohammad Helmi ◽  
Erinne N Kennedy ◽  
Riddhi Badamia ◽  
Satomi Odani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Untreated Dental Caries

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the association between self-reported depressive symptoms and oral diseases in US adults, including periodontitis, caries, missing teeth and untreated dental caries.DesignThis study was designed as a secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional survey. We conducted descriptive, multivariable logistic and Poisson regression analyses on weighted data.SettingUS National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2014 data.ParticipantsIndividuals aged ≥30 years who completed a periodontal examination and depression screening (n=9799).Results21.6% (28.9 million) of adults aged ≥30 years reported depressive symptoms, with a higher prevalence among females, current smokers and participants with lower income and education status. More than half of the adults with moderate depressive symptoms had periodontal diseases, and more than one-third had teeth with untreated dental caries. After adjusting for sociodemographics, behavioural factors, having diabetes and psychotherapeutic medication use, depressive symptoms were associated with poorer oral health. Severe depressive symptoms were associated with higher odds of mild periodontitis (2.20; 99% CI 1.03 to 4.66). For those with mild depressive symptoms, the mean number of missing teeth was 1.20 (99% CI 1.06 to 1.37) times the average of non-symptomatic individuals; and 1.38 times (99% CI 1.15 to 1.66) among individuals with moderate depressive symptoms.ConclusionsDepressive symptoms were associated with mild periodontitis and a greater number of missing teeth, while having teeth with untreated dental caries was attributed to sociodemographic factors. Awareness of oral health status among patients with depressive symptoms can inform both dental and mental health providers to develop tailored treatment and help patients achieve overall wellness.

scholarly journals Role of cranberry juice in prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease`

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Farista ◽  
Akhilesh Jakhete ◽  
Shanin Farista
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Cranberry Juice ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
The Many ◽  
Potential Use

Dental caries and Periodontal Disease (periodontitis) are the most common oral diseases. The aetiology of both these diseases can be traced back to the microorganisms in the dental plaque. Over the years numerous anti plaque agents have been developed with limited success and varying degrees of adverse effects. The current research is in the direction of using plant or herbal based products as anti-plaque agent. Out of the many agents studied, cranberry (Vacciniummacrocarpon) has shown maximum potential for use as anti-plaque agent. The current paper aims to review the existing literature on cranberry and its potential use in dentistry in minimizing the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease. KEY WORDS: Cranberry Juice, Anti Plaque Agent, Periodontitis, Non Dialyzable Material

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Literature on Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease in Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12360
Author(s):  
Stefano Cianetti ◽  
Chiara Valenti ◽  
Massimiliano Orso ◽  
Giuseppe Lomurno ◽  
Michele Nardone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged

Dental caries and periodontal disease represent a health problem and a social cost for the entire population, and in particular for socio-economically disadvantaged individuals who are less resistant to disease. The aim of this review is to estimate the prevalence and severity of the two dental pathologies, caries and periodontal disease, in the different classes of socio-economically disadvantaged subjects and to understand which of them are most affected. A systematic search of the literature was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE and Web of Science after establishing a suitable search strategy for each database, using keywords related to socio-economically vulnerable classes and health outcomes. Socio-economically disadvantaged individuals are more susceptible to tooth decay and periodontal disease (with relative tooth loss) than non-vulnerable people. Additionally, when multiple vulnerabilities are combined in the same subject, these oral diseases worsen. There is no type of vulnerability more affected by caries and periodontitis than others, since overall they all have severe disease indices. The data from this systematic literature review might be useful for health policy makers looking to allocate more resources and services to socially disadvantaged individuals, resulting in making them more resilient to oral disease due to their social marginalization.

scholarly journals Microbiomics of Oral Biofilms: Driving The Future of Dental Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne ◽  
Tanujaa Suriyanarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Dental Research ◽  
Oral Biofilms ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Sequencing Platforms

<p>Oral infectious diseases such as dental caries, periodontal disease, endodontic infections, oral candidiasis and peri-implantitis cause major health problems worldwide. All of these infectious diseases are associated with the biofilm growth mode of the oral pathogens. In the past, researchers often attempted to examine the association of single pathogens with particular dental diseases such as in the case of <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> acting as an aetiological agent for dental caries and the so-called “red-complex” bacteria for periodontal disease. However, with the recent advent of OMICS biology techniques such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, it is possible to gain new insights into the host-microbial interaction, microbial community structure and composition in the oral cavity. The new studies on oral microbiomics can unravel the facets of the aetiopathology of oral diseases as never seen before. This mini-review will provide an history and overview of some of the existing DNA sequencing platforms employed to study the microbiomics of oral biofilms and the exciting future ahead for dental research.</p>

scholarly journals Association between Perceived Oral Symptoms and Presence of Clinically Diagnosed Oral Diseases in a Sample of Pregnant Women in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7337
Author(s):  
Ema Yunita Sari ◽  
Norkhafizah Saddki ◽  
Azizah Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Symptoms ◽  
Bad Breath ◽  
Untreated Dental Caries

The integration of oral health into primary health care denotes the important role of medical counterparts as the front liners in antenatal care to help screen mothers for oral symptoms and refer them to dentists accordingly. However, the validity of self-perceived oral health status is inconclusive. This study determined the association between self-perceived oral symptoms and the presence of clinically diagnosed oral diseases in a sample of pregnant women. A total of 192 pregnant women participated in this cross-sectional study. Clinical oral examinations were performed to record dental caries experience, gingival health and periodontal health. The women were also asked about their oral symptoms. Most women had at least one oral symptom (84.9%): cavitated tooth (62.0%), bad breath (38.5%), bleeding gums (28.6%), and toothache (22.9%). About half of the women had untreated dental caries (58.9%), and the odds were significantly higher in women who complained of having cavitated tooth. About half of the women had moderate to severe gingivitis (53.7%), and the odds were significantly higher in women who complained of bleeding gums. About half had periodontal pockets (46.3%), and the odds were higher in women who complained of bleeding gums and bad breath although lower in women who complained of swollen gums. In conclusion, the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease among pregnant women in this study were relatively high. The presence of untreated dental caries, moderate and severe gingivitis, and periodontal pockets were significantly associated with their corresponding oral symptoms.

scholarly journals Impacts of sleep on the characteristics of dental biofilm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Sotozono ◽  
Nanako Kuriki ◽  
Yoko Asahi ◽  
Yuichiro Noiri ◽  
Mikako Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Dental Biofilm

AbstractDental biofilm present on the tooth surface is associated with oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal disease. Because bacterial numbers rapidly increase in saliva during sleep, oral care before sleeping is recommended for the prevention of chronic oral diseases. However, temporal circadian changes in the quantity and quality of dental biofilms are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of sleeping on dental biofilm amounts and compositions by using an in situ model. The use of this in situ model enabled us to investigate dental biofilm formed in the oral cavity and to perform a quantitative analysis. Subjects began wearing oral splints in the morning or before sleeping, and biofilm samples were collected at 8, 16, and 24 h after the subjects began wearing oral splints; these samples were then used in various experiments. No significant changes in the numbers of biofilm-forming bacteria were caused by sleep. However, the relative abundances of genera related to periodontitis (i.e., Fusobacterium and Prevotella) increased after awakening. In conclusion, the numbers of biofilm-forming bacteria were not affected by sleep, and the abundances of obligate anaerobes increased after sleep. This research may aid in defining efficacious preventive oral care.

Diabetes and Oral Health—Current Concepts Regarding Periodontal Disease and Dental Caries

2012 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira B Lamster ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Control Root ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

There are a number of important oral manifestations of diabetes. Periodontal disease and dental caries are the most common oral diseases, and both are modified when diabetes is present. There is an increased prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with diabetes, and periodontal disease can adversely affect glycemic control. Root caries also is more prevalent in patients with diabetes. The sequelae of both periodontal disease and dental caries are infection, pain, tooth loss, and reduced masticatory function. Non-oral health care providers who treat patients with diabetes must be aware of the oral manifestations of the disease and inform patients that ideal oral health is part of comprehensive management of diabetes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document