scholarly journals Molecular Basis of Macrolide Resistance inCampylobacterStrains Isolated from Poultry in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bai Wei ◽  
Min Kang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Ribosomal Protein L22 ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Azithromycin Resistance

We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying macrolide resistance in 38 strains ofCampylobacterisolated from poultry. Twenty-seven strains were resistant to azithromycin and erythromycin, five showed intermediate azithromycin resistance and erythromycin susceptibility, and six showed azithromycin resistance and erythromycin susceptibility. FourCampylobacter jejuniand sixCampylobacter colistrains had azithromycin MICs which were 8–16 and 2–8-fold greater than those of erythromycin, respectively. The A2075G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene was detected in 11 resistant strains with MICs ranging from 64 to ≥ 512μg/mL. Mutations including V137A, V137S, and a six-amino acid insertion (114-VAKKAP-115) in ribosomal protein L22 were detected in theC. jejunistrains. Erythromycin ribosome methylase B-erm(B) was not detected in any strain. All strains except three showed increased susceptibility to erythromycin with twofold to 256-fold MIC change in the presence of phenylalanine arginine ß-naphthylamide (PAßN); the effects of PAßN on azithromycin MICs were limited in comparison to those on erythromycin MICs, and 13 strains showed no azithromycin MIC change in the presence of PAßN. Differences between azithromycin and erythromycin resistance and macrolide resistance phenotypes and genotypes were observed even in highly resistant strains. Further studies are required to better understand macrolide resistance inCampylobacter.

scholarly journals Ribosomal Mutations as the Main Cause of Macrolide Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 5939-5941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirva Lehtopolku ◽  
Pirkko Kotilainen ◽  
Marjo Haanperä-Heikkinen ◽  
Ulla-Maija Nakari ◽  
Marja-Liisa Hänninen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Amino Acid Insertion ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Ribosomal Protein L22 ◽  
Resistant Strains

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to examine macrolide resistance mutations inCampylobacterspecies. In 76 strains studied, point mutation A to G at position 2059 of the 23S rRNA gene was detected in 30 of the 33 erythromycin-resistant strains. An amino acid insertion in the ribosomal protein L22 was found in one resistant strain without a 23S rRNA mutation. The A2059G mutation is the main cause of macrolide resistance inCampylobacterspecies.

scholarly journals Natural Transformation-Mediated Transfer of Erythromycin Resistance in Campylobacter coli Strains from Turkeys and Swine

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 1316-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo-Sung Kim ◽  
Donna K. Carver ◽  
Sophia Kathariou
Keyword(s):  
Point Mutation ◽  
Natural Transformation ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
High Level ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Spontaneous Mutants

ABSTRACT Erythromycin resistance in Campylobacter coli from meat animals is frequently encountered and could represent a substantial barrier to antibiotic treatment of human infections. Erythromycin resistance in this organism has been associated with a point mutation (A2075G) in the 23S rRNA gene. However, the mechanisms responsible for possible dissemination of erythromycin resistance in C. coli remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated transformation-mediated acquisition of erythromycin resistance by genotypically diverse C. coli strains from turkeys and swine, with total genomic DNA from erythromycin-resistant C. coli of either turkey or swine origin used as a donor. Overall, transformation to erythromycin resistance was significantly more frequent in C. coli strains from turkeys than in swine-derived strains (P < 0.01). The frequency of transformation to erythromycin resistance was 10−5 to 10−6 for turkey-derived strains but 10−7 or less for C. coli from swine. Transformants harbored the point mutation A2075G in the 23S rRNA gene, as did the erythromycin-resistant strains used as DNA donors. Erythromycin resistance was stable in transformants following serial transfers in the absence of the antibiotic, and most transformants had high MICs (>256 μg/ml), as did the C. coli donor strains. In contrast to the results obtained with transformation, spontaneous mutants had relatively low erythromycin MICs (32 to 64 μg/ml) and lacked the A2075G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene. These findings suggest that natural transformation has the potential to contribute to the dissemination of high-level resistance to erythromycin among C. coli strains colonizing meat animals.

scholarly journals Macrolide Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli: Molecular Mechanism and Stability of the Resistance Phenotype

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 2753-2759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amera Gibreel ◽  
Veronica N. Kos ◽  
Monika Keelan ◽  
Cathy A. Trieber ◽  
Simon Levesque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
E Coli ◽  
23S Rrna Gene

ABSTRACT A collection of 23 macrolide-resistant Campylobacter isolates from different geographic areas was investigated to determine the mechanism and stability of macrolide resistance. The isolates were identified as Campylobacter jejuni or Campylobacter coli based on the results of the hippurate biochemical test in addition to five PCR-based genotypic methods. Three point mutations at two positions within the peptidyl transferase region in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene were identified. About 78% of the resistant isolates exhibited an A→G transition at Escherichia coli equivalent base 2059 of the 23S rRNA gene. The isolates possessing this mutation showed a wide range of erythromycin and clarithromycin MICs. Thus, this mutation may incur a greater probability of treatment failure in populations infected by resistant Campylobacter isolates. Another macrolide-associated mutation (A→C transversion), at E. coli equivalent base 2058, was detected in about 13% of the isolates. An A→G transition at a position cognate with E. coli 23S rRNA base 2058, which is homologous to the A2142G mutation commonly described in Helicobacter pylori, was also identified in one of the C. jejuni isolates examined. In the majority of C. jejuni isolates, the mutations in the 23S rRNA gene were homozygous except in two cases where the mutation was found in two of the three copies of the target gene. Natural transformation demonstrated the transfer of the macrolide resistance phenotype from a resistant Campylobacter isolate to a susceptible Campylobacter isolate. Growth rates of the resulting transformants containing A-2058→C or A-2059→G mutations were similar to that of the parental isolate. The erythromycin resistance of six of seven representative isolates was found to be stable after successive subculturing in the absence of erythromycin selection pressure regardless of the resistance level, the position of the mutation, or the number of the mutated copies of the target gene. One C. jejuni isolate showing an A-2058→G mutation, however, reverted to erythromycin and clarithromycin susceptibility after 55 subcultures on erythromycin-free medium. Investigation of ribosomal proteins L4 and L22 by sequence analysis in five representative isolates of C. jejuni and C. coli demonstrated no significant macrolide resistance-associated alterations in either the L4 or the L22 protein that might explain either macrolide resistance or enhancement of the resistance level.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance among Campylobacter spp. strains isolated from faecal samples of pigs chickens and ducks at Dong Thap province

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Thuy Thu Cao ◽  
Hoang Van Minh Nguyen ◽  
Hien Tinh Tran ◽  
James Ian Campbell ◽  
Stephen Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Gyra Gene ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Double Mutation ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

This study was designed to identify the genetic basis that results in the development of antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter spp. We carried out a molecular examination of 75 strains looking for resistance factors. These strains were isolated from faecal samples of pigs, chickens and ducks at Dong Thap province. There were 89.3 % strains which showed mutations on DNA gyrase-gyrA gene at the position 86 (C257T and T227G). There were also a further 32 % strains that showed mutations on gene cmeR encoding the efflux CmeABC pump system. This study has also shown that 29.3 % of Campylobacter spp. have mutations in fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance on both genes gyrA and cmeR. In comparison with Campylobacter jejuni with the mutation C257T (Thr-86-Ile), Campylobacter coli has another mutation at T227G (Thr-86-Met). This mutation, encoding FQ resistance, is common in both swine and poultry but has not yet been identified in Viet Nam. As well as FQ resistance, resistance to erythromycine (Ery) has been detected in C. coli, in 10 strains erythromycin resistance, with a mutation at position A2075G. There was 1 strain which carried two mutations A2075G and A2074C at 23S-rRNA gene, and 2 mutant strains with a double mutation at A2075G and A2076C. In summary, there were three strains of C. coli with double mutations encoding Ery resistance at Dong Thap and this resistance characteristic has not been identified eslewhere.

scholarly journals The Absence of Intervening Sequences in 23S rRNA Genes of Campylobacter coli Isolates from Turkeys Is a Unique Attribute of a Cluster of Related Strains Which Also Lack Resistance to Erythromycin

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1208-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamfai Chan ◽  
William G. Miller ◽  
Robert E. Mandrell ◽  
Sophia Kathariou
Keyword(s):  
Natural Transformation ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Intervening Sequences ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
23S Rrna Genes ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT Certain Campylobacter strains harbor a transcribed intervening sequence (IVS) in their 23S rRNA genes. Following transcription, the IVS is excised, leading to fragmentation of the 23S rRNA. The origin and possible functions of the IVS are unknown. Furthermore, the distribution of IVS-harboring strains within Campylobacter populations is poorly understood. In this study, 104 strains of Campylobacter coli from turkeys, representing 27 different multilocus sequence typing-based sequence types (STs), were characterized in terms of IVS content and erythromycin susceptibility. Sixty-nine strains harbored IVSs in all three 23S rRNA genes, whereas the other 35 strains lacked IVSs from at least one of the genes. The STs of the latter strains belonged to an unusual cluster of C. coli STs (cluster II), earlier found primarily in turkey strains and characterized by the presence of the C. jejuni aspA103 allele. The majority (66/69) of strains harboring IVSs in all three 23S rRNA genes were resistant to erythromycin, whereas none of the 35 strains with at least one IVS-free 23S rRNA gene were resistant. Cluster II strains could be transformed to erythromycin resistance with genomic DNA from C. coli that harbored IVS and the A2075G transition in the 23S rRNA gene, associated with resistance to erythromycin in Campylobacter. Erythromycin-resistant transformants harbored both the A2075 transition and IVS. The findings suggest that the absence of IVS in C. coli from turkeys is characteristic of a unique clonal group of erythromycin-susceptible strains and that IVS can be acquired by these strains via natural transformation to erythromycin resistance.

scholarly journals 961. Prevalence and Macrolide Resistance of Mycoplasma genitalium After Initiation of HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S29-S29
Author(s):  
Jens Van Praet ◽  
Sanne Steyaert ◽  
Stefaan Vandecasteele ◽  
Barbara Van Den Bergh ◽  
Hilde Mahieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Preexposure Prophylaxis ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Taqman Array

Abstract Background Recent evidence shows that patients using HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) have an increased rate of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea. The rate of Mycoplasma genitalium infections and the susceptibility of M. genitalium in patients on PrEP have been less well described. Methods We studied all patients who started on PrEP in the AZ Sint-Jan Hospital Bruges from January 6, 2017 to January 4, 2019. Patients were screened for M. genitalium and other bacterial STIs with rectal swabs, pharyngeal swabs, first-voided urine and blood collections at baseline and quarterly intervals after initiating PrEP. TaqMan array card technology was used to detect M. genitalium and determine macrolide-resistance mediating mutations in the region V of the 23S rRNA gene (A2058G, A2059G, A2058C, and others). Patients with an STI were treated based on a national guideline. Proportions were estimated using a Generalized Estimating Equations model with independent correlation structure. Results A total of 136 males and 1 female (median age, 40 years (interquartile range (IQR), 20–79)) were included in the study. All men were gay or bisexual. The median follow-up time was 11.3 months (IQR, 4.7–15.3). In total, 117 patients (85%) used PrEP daily at their last visit. The estimated proportion of patients with M. genitalium at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months was 7% (95% CI 4–13), 12% (95% CI 7–20), 7% (95% CI 4–15), 6% (3–15), and 6% (2–15). Thirty-two patients (23%) tested at least once positive for M. genitalium during the study period. The estimated percentage of macrolide resistance increased from 40% (95% CI 16–70) at baseline to 71% (95% CI 44–89), 67% (95% CI 27–92), 80% (95% CI 31–97), and 75% (95% CI 24–97) at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months, respectively. Conclusion After initiation of PrEP, the prevalence of M. genitalium in our cohort at quarterly screening was not increased compared with baseline. However, a nonsignificant trend of an increased percentage of macrolide-resistant strains was observed. Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.

scholarly journals Detection of Macrolide Resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae by Real-Time PCR and High-Resolution Melt Analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 3542-3549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard J. Wolff ◽  
W. Lanier Thacker ◽  
Stephanie B. Schwartz ◽  
Jonas M. Winchell
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
High Resolution Melt ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
V Region ◽  
Domain V

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a significant cause of community-acquired pneumonia, which is often empirically treated with macrolides or azalides such as erythromycin or azithromycin. Recent studies have discovered the existence of macrolide-resistant strains within the population that have been mapped to mutations within the domain V region of the 23S rRNA gene. Currently, identification of these resistant strains relies on time-consuming and labor-intensive procedures such as restriction fragment length polymorphism, MIC studies, and sequence analysis. The current study reports two distinct real-time PCR assays that can detect the A2063G or A2064G base mutation (A2058G or A2059G by Escherichia coli numbering) conferring macrolide resistance. By subjecting the amplicon of the targeted domain V region of the 23S rRNA gene to a high-resolution melt curve analysis, macrolide-resistant strains can quickly be separated from susceptible strains. Utilizing this method, we screened 100 clinical isolates and found 5 strains to possess mutations conferring resistance. These findings were concordant with both sequencing and MIC data. This procedure was also used successfully to identify both susceptible and resistant genotypes in 23 patient specimens. These patient specimens tested positive for the presence of M. pneumoniae by a separate real-time PCR assay, although the bacteria could not be isolated by culture. This is the first report of a real-time PCR assay capable of detecting the dominant mutations that confer macrolide resistance on M. pneumoniae, and these assays may have utility in detecting resistant strains of other infectious agents. These assays may also allow for clinicians to select appropriate treatment options more rapidly and may provide a convenient method to conduct surveillance for genetic mutations conferring antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Molecular pathways to high-level azithromycin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J G E Laumen ◽  
S S Manoharan-Basil ◽  
E Verhoeven ◽  
S Abdellati ◽  
I De Baetselier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Evolution Of Resistance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Azithromycin Resistance ◽  
Level Resistance

Abstract Background The prevalence of azithromycin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is increasing in numerous populations worldwide. Objectives To characterize the genetic pathways leading to high-level azithromycin resistance. Methods A customized morbidostat was used to subject two N. gonorrhoeae reference strains (WHO-F and WHO-X) to dynamically sustained azithromycin pressure. We tracked stepwise evolution of resistance by whole genome sequencing. Results Within 26 days, all cultures evolved high-level azithromycin resistance. Typically, the first step towards resistance was found in transitory mutations in genes rplD, rplV and rpmH (encoding the ribosomal proteins L4, L22 and L34 respectively), followed by mutations in the MtrCDE-encoded efflux pump and the 23S rRNA gene. Low- to high-level resistance was associated with mutations in the ribosomal proteins and MtrCDE efflux pump. However, high-level resistance was consistently associated with mutations in the 23S ribosomal RNA, mainly the well-known A2059G and C2611T mutations, but also at position A2058G. Conclusions This study enabled us to track previously reported mutations and identify novel mutations in ribosomal proteins (L4, L22 and L34) that may play a role in the genesis of azithromycin resistance in N. gonorrhoeae.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Macrolide Resistance Mechanisms of Campylobacter coli Isolated from Pigs and Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1077
Author(s):  
Ji-Hyun Choi ◽  
Dong Chan Moon ◽  
Abraham Fikru Mechesso ◽  
Hee Young Kang ◽  
Su-Jeong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Public Health Hazards ◽  
Resistance Rates

We identified 1218 Campylobacter coli isolates from fecal and carcass samples of pigs (n = 643) and chickens (n = 575) between 2010 and 2018. About 99% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent. The isolates exhibited high resistance rates (>75%) to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline. Azithromycin and erythromycin resistance rates were the highest in isolates from pigs (39.7% and 39.2%, respectively) compared to those of chickens (15.8% and 16.3%, respectively). Additionally, a low-to-moderate proportion of the isolates were resistant to florfenicol, gentamicin, clindamycin, and telithromycin. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was found in 83.1% of the isolates, and profiles of MDR usually included ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline. We found point mutation (A2075G) in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene in the majority of erythromycin-resistant isolates. Multilocus sequence typing of 137 erythromycin-resistant C. coli isolates revealed 37 previously reported sequence types (STs) and 8 novel STs. M192I, A103VI, and G74A substitutions were frequently noted in the ribosomal proteins L4 or L22. Further, we identified a considerable proportion (>90%) of erythromycin-resistant isolates carrying virulence factor genes: flaA, cadF, ceuE, and VirB. The prudent use of antimicrobials and regular microbiological investigation in food animals will be vital in limiting the public health hazards of C. coli in Korea.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter spp. Isolated from Poultry Carcasses in Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 1451-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
KINGA WIECZOREK ◽  
IWONA KANIA ◽  
JACEK OSEK
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Gyra Gene ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter in poultry carcasses at slaughter in Poland. For the isolated strains, resistance to selected antibiotics and the associated genetic determinants were identified. A total of 498 Campylobacter isolates were obtained from 802 poultry samples during the 2-year study period. Strains were identified to species with the PCR method; 53.6% of the strains were Campylobacter jejuni and 46.4% were Campylobacter coli. A high percentage of the tested Campylobacter strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid (74.1 and 73.5%, respectively) followed by tetracycline (47.4%) and streptomycin (20.5%). Only one C. jejuni and two C. coli isolates were resistant to gentamicin. Seventy-nine (15.9%) of the 498 strains were resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics examined. Higher levels of resistance, irrespective of the antimicrobial agent tested, were found within the C. coli group. Almost all strains resistant to quinolones (99.5%) and to tetracycline (99.6%) carried the Thr-86-to-Ile mutation in the gyrA gene and possessed the tet(O) marker, respectively. All isolates resistant to erythromycin had the A2075G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene. These results reveal that poultry carcasses in Poland are a reservoir of potentially pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter strains for humans, which may pose a public health risk.

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