scholarly journals Stem Cells in Dentistry: Types of Intra- and Extraoral Tissue-Derived Stem Cells and Clinical Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Gomes Paz ◽  
Hassan Maghaireh ◽  
Francesco Guido Mangano
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Cell Technologies ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
The Future ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Banking ◽  
Dental Stem Cell

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells, capable of renewing themselves, with the capacity to produce different cell types to regenerate missing tissues and treat diseases. Oral facial tissues have been identified as a source and therapeutic target for stem cells with clinical interest in dentistry. This narrative review report targets on the several extraoral- and intraoral-derived stem cells that can be applied in dentistry. In addition, stem cell origins are suggested in what concerns their ability to differentiate as well as their particular distinguishing quality of convenience and immunomodulatory for regenerative dentistry. The development of bioengineered teeth to replace the patient’s missing teeth was also possible because of stem cell technologies. This review will also focus our attention on the clinical application of stem cells in dentistry. In recent years, a variety of articles reported the advantages of stem cell-based procedures in regenerative treatments. The regeneration of lost oral tissue is the target of stem cell research. Owing to the fact that bone imperfections that ensue after tooth loss can result in further bone loss which limit the success of dental implants and prosthodontic therapies, the rehabilitation of alveolar ridge height is prosthodontists’ principal interest. The development of bioengineered teeth to replace the patient’s missing teeth was also possible because of stem cell technologies. In addition, a “dental stem cell banking” is available for regenerative treatments in the future. The main features of stem cells in the future of dentistry should be understood by clinicians.

scholarly journals A REPORT ON STEM CELLS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Shantha A R
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
The Cost

Stem cells are the building blocks of life. They have remarkable potential to regenerate and develop into many different cell types in the body during early life and growth. They are also a class of undifferentiated cells that are able to be differentiated into specialized cells types. Stem cells are characterized by certain features such as totipotency, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotent and unipotency. The history of stem cell research had an embryonic beginning in the mid 1800s with the discovery that few cells could generate other cells. In the 1900s the first stem cells were discovered when it was found that cells generate blood cells. Nowadays, stem cell therapy is under research and till now, a very few stem cell therapies have been regarded as safe and successful. It is also found that stem cell therapy cast a number of side effects too. The cost of the procedure too is expensive and is not easily affordable.

scholarly journals Stem cells in the adult pancreas and liver

2007 ◽  
Vol 404 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë D. Burke ◽  
Shifaan Thowfeequ ◽  
Macarena Peran ◽  
David Tosh
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cellular Therapy ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Compartment ◽  
Stem Cell Compartment ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can self-renew and generate specialized (functional) cell types. The remarkable ability of stem cells to differentiate towards functional cells makes them suitable modalities in cellular therapy (which means treating diseases with the body's own cells). Potential targets for cellular therapy include diabetes and liver failure. However, in order for stem cells to be clinically useful, we must learn to identify them and to regulate their differentiation. We will use the intestine as a classical example of a stem cell compartment, and then examine the evidence for the existence of adult stem cells in two endodermally derived organs: pancreas and liver. We will review the characteristics of the putative stem cells in these tissues and the transcription factors controlling their differentiation towards functional cell types.

Stem Cells: The Future of Personalised Medicine?

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. MEI.S13177
Author(s):  
Ahmer Irfan ◽  
Irfan Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Pilot Trials ◽  
The Future ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives

After hitting the headlines in the 1960s, stem cell therapy has been the subject of great optimism in the treatment of many conditions. Discoveries of new procurement methods for various stem cells has allowed the technology and research to progress to a stage where real therapeutic alternatives are potentially viable. In order to determine the direction to move forward, it is first important to analyse the data that has been collected across well researched stem cell types (Embryonic Stem cells, Induced pluripotent stem cells, Haematopoetic stem cells and Mesenchymal stem cells) as well as emerging stem cell types (Very-small-embryonic-like stem cells, Spermatogonial stem cells and Parthenogenetic stem cells). Whilst by no means conclusive, the data does support the optimism surrounding these cells. Whilst stem cells may be embraced as the future of personalised medicine, following these pilot trials, research needs to become more focussed to allow advancement.

Stem Cells: In Sickness and in Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham F. Bahmada ◽  
Mohamad K. Elajami ◽  
Reem Daouk ◽  
Hiba Jalloul ◽  
Batoul Darwish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

: Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the ability to proliferate and convert to different types of differentiated cells that make up the various tissues and organs in the body. They exist both in embryos as pluripotent stem cells that can differentiate into the three germ layers and as multipotent or unipotent stem cells in adult tissues to aid in repair and homeostasis. Perturbations in these cells’ normal functions can give rise to a wide variety of diseases. In this review, we discuss the origin of different stem cell types, their properties and characteristics, their role in tissue homeostasis, current research, and their potential applications in various life-threatening diseases. We focus on neural stem cells, their role in neurogenesis and how they can be exploited to treat diseases of the brain including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Next, we explore current research in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) techniques and their clinical applications in regenerative and personalized medicine. Lastly, we tackle a special type of stem cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs) and how they can be responsible for therapy resistance and tumor recurrence and explore ways to target them.

scholarly journals Innovative Dental Stem Cell-Based Research Approaches: The Future of Dentistry

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayee Miran ◽  
Thimios A. Mitsiadis ◽  
Pierfrancesco Pagella
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Adult Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Potential Applications

Over the past decade, the dental field has benefited from recent findings in stem cell biology and tissue engineering that led to the elaboration of novel ideas and concepts for the regeneration of dental tissues or entire new teeth. In particular, stem cell-based regenerative approaches are extremely promising since they aim at the full restoration of lost or damaged tissues, ensuring thus their functionality. These therapeutic approaches are already applied with success in clinics for the regeneration of other organs and consist of manipulation of stem cells and their administration to patients. Stem cells have the potential to self-renew and to give rise to a variety of cell types that ensure tissue repair and regeneration throughout life. During the last decades, several adult stem cell populations have been isolated from dental and periodontal tissues, characterized, and tested for their potential applications in regenerative dentistry. Here we briefly present the various stem cell-based treatment approaches and strategies that could be translated in dental practice and revolutionize dentistry.

scholarly journals Skeletal Muscle Stem Cell Niche from Birth to Old Age

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madalina-Gabriela Barbu ◽  
Andreea-Elena Boboc ◽  
Lidia Filip ◽  
Oana-Larisa Bugnar ◽  
Dragos Cretoiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Satellite Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Niche ◽  
Myogenic Differentiation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

Stem cells are defined as undifferentiated cells that are able to unlimitedly renew themselves within controlled conditions and to differentiate into a multitude of mature cell types. Skeletal muscle stem cells, represented predominantly by satellite cells, show a variable capability of self-renewal and myogenic differentiation. They were found to be involved not only in the growth of myofibers during neonatal and juvenile life but also in the regeneration of skeletal muscles after an injury. The microenvironment in which stem cells are nourished and maintained dormant preceding division and differentiation is known as “niche.” The niche consists of myofibers, which are believed to modulate the active/inactive state of the stem cells, extracellular matrix, neural networks, blood vessels, and a multitude of soluble molecules. It was observed that changes in the composition of the niche have an impact on the stem cell functions and hierarchy. Furthermore, it seems that its layout is variable throughout the entire life, translating into a decrease in the regenerative capacity of satellite cells in aged tissues. The scope of this chapter is to provide a detailed view of the changes that occur in the skeletal stem cell niche during life and to analyze their implications on tissue regeneration. Future studies should focus on developing new therapeutic tools for diseases involving muscle atrophy.

scholarly journals The Future State of Newborn Stem Cell Banking

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Brown ◽  
Mahendra Rao ◽  
Heather Brown
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
Cell Banking ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Stem Cell Banking ◽  
Cord Blood Banks ◽  
And Personalized Medicine

Newborn stem cell banking began with the establishment of cord blood banks more than 25 years ago. Over the course of nearly three decades, there has been considerable evolution in the clinical application of stem cells isolated from newborn tissues. The industry now finds itself at an inflection point as personalized medicine and regenerative medicine continue to advance. In this review, we summarize our perspective on newborn stem cell banking in the context of the future potential that stem cells from perinatal tissues are likely to play in nascent applications. Specifically, we describe the relevance of newborn stem cell banking and how the cells stored can be utilized as starting material for the next generation of advanced cellular therapies and personalized medicine.

Stem Cell Cure for Kidney Injury: Therapy to Solve Most Complex Issues in Renal System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prithiv K R Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Renal Regeneration ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Renal failure is a major health problem. The mortality rate remain high despite of several therapies. The most complex of the renal issues are solved through stem cells. In this review, different mechanism for cure of chronic kidney injury along with cell engraftment incorporated into renal structures will be analysed. Paracrine activities of embryonic or induced Pluripotent stem cells are explored on the basis of stem cell-induced kidney regeneration. Several experiments have been conducted to advance stem cells to ensure the restoration of renal functions. More vigour and organised protocols for delivering stem cells is a possibility for advancement in treatment of renal disease. Also there is a need for pressing therapies to replicate the tissue remodelling and cellular repair processes suitable for renal organs. Stem cells are the undifferentiated cells that have the ability to multiply into several cell types. In vivo experiments on animal’s stem cells have shown significant improvements in the renal regeneration and functions of organs. Nevertheless more studies show several improvements in the kidney repair due to stem cell regeneration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document