scholarly journals Development and Optimization of a Condition-Based Maintenance Policy with Sustainability Requirements for Production System

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiping Jiang ◽  
Ning Dong ◽  
Kwok Leung Tam ◽  
Chonghao Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
System Reliability ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Condition Based Maintenance ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Maintenance Policy ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Maintenance Strategies ◽  
Ecological Aspects

In the field of condition-based maintenance, maintenance costs and system reliability criteria are the primary considerations for traditional maintenance management. These methods lack consideration of the environmental impact caused by equipment degradation, such as excessive emissions and energy consumption. In addition, because equipment degradation has various impacts on the ecological environment, companies with excessive emissions and energy consumption can receive huge fines, making it of great value to study ecoconscious maintenance strategies. In this paper, we propose a condition-based maintenance strategy considering energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. The major objective of the research is to extend a model which integrates ecological aspects with maintenance decision-making and optimization. The simulation and sensitivity analyses conducted verify that the model proposed can minimize total costs, as well as the environmental impact.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption of Rail Baltica Project: Regional Aspects of Environmental Impact

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-160
Author(s):  
Olga Piterina ◽  
Alexander Masharsky
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
High Speed ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Emissions Intensity

Abstract Research purpose. The high-speed railway (HSR) construction project in the Baltic States is the largest joint infrastructure project since the restoration of independence of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. Rail Baltica (RB) is considered as the most energy-efficient project having the lowest environmental impact. However, the issue of energy consumption of the project was not sufficiently addressed either in the investment justification of the RB construction or in the relevant research works regarding the project. The aim of the current research is to determine the indicators of energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions intensity of the Latvian section of RB, since they are the key factors of the quantitative assessment of sustainability. Design/Methodology/Approach. Critical analysis of the academic research works and reports of the official international organizations dedicated to the topic of energy consumption and CO2 emissions of HSR was conducted prior to the calculation of the above-mentioned indicators. The method of calculation based on International Union of Railways (UIC) was used in order to conduct the cluster analysis within the framework of current work. The main points considered are electricity consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, and level of passenger and freight demand. Statistical databases of UIC and International Energy Agency were used. Findings. The calculations carried out by the authors of the given article demonstrate substantial figures of CO2 emissions intensity for Latvian section of the project related to the train load rate and traffic intensity which is evened out only by the CO2 emissions factor in Latvia. Originality/Value/Practical implications. On this basis the authors present the directions for future research required for the development of the effective strategy for the Latvian Republic with the aim of achieving the increase in the RB project’s ecological efficiency.

scholarly journals Maintenance Optimization for Repairable Deteriorating Systems under Imperfect Preventive Maintenance

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 716
Author(s):  
Juhyun Lee ◽  
Byunghoon Kim ◽  
Suneung Ahn
Keyword(s):  
System Reliability ◽  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Maintenance Optimization ◽  
Maintenance Strategies ◽  
Cost Rate ◽  
Maintenance Activities

This study deals with the preventive maintenance optimization problem based on a reliability threshold. The conditional reliability threshold is used instead of the system reliability threshold. Then, the difference between the two thresholds is discussed. The hybrid failure rate model is employed to represent the effect of imperfect preventive maintenance activities. Two maintenance strategies are proposed under two types of reliability constraints. These constraints are set to consider the cost-effective maintenance strategy and to evaluate the balancing point between the expected total maintenance cost rate and the system reliability. The objective of the proposed maintenance strategies is to determine the optimal conditional reliability threshold together with the optimal number of preventive maintenance activities that minimize the expected total maintenance cost per unit time. The optimality conditions of the proposed maintenance strategies are also investigated and shown via four propositions. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the proposed preventive maintenance strategies. Some sensitivity analyses are also conducted to investigate how the parameters of the proposed model affect the optimality of preventive maintenance strategies.

scholarly journals Biohydrogen from Microalgae: Production and Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1616
Author(s):  
Antonina Rita Limongi ◽  
Emanuele Viviano ◽  
Maria De Luca ◽  
Rosa Paola Radice ◽  
Giuliana Bianco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Molecular Processes ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Natural Way

The need to safeguard our planet by reducing carbon dioxide emissions has led to a significant development of research in the field of alternative energy sources. Hydrogen has proved to be the most promising molecule, as a fuel, due to its low environmental impact. Even if various methods already exist for producing hydrogen, most of them are not sustainable. Thus, research focuses on the biological sector, studying microalgae, and other microorganisms’ ability to produce this precious molecule in a natural way. In this review, we provide a description of the biochemical and molecular processes for the production of biohydrogen and give a general overview of one of the most interesting technologies in which hydrogen finds application for electricity production: fuel cells.

scholarly journals Does Circular Reuse of Chickpea Cooking Water to Produce Vegan Mayonnaise Reduce Environmental Impact Compared with Egg Mayonnaise?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4726
Author(s):  
Sophie Saget ◽  
Marcela Costa ◽  
David Styles ◽  
Mike Williams
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Attributional Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Cooking Water ◽  
Renewable Electricity Generation

Consumers are increasingly asking for foods that are healthier, more humane, and environmentally sustainable. Recently, chickpea cooking water—aquafaba—has gained popularity as a potential egg substitute that complies with these criteria. However, research on the environmental impact of this ingredient is lacking. We performed a comparative attributional life cycle assessment (LCA) of mayonnaise made with aquafaba as the emulsifying agent, and traditional mayonnaise made with egg yolk. The vegan mayonnaise was found not to be as environmentally sustainable as the egg-based product. The vegan mayonnaise had a significantly (p < 0.05) lower impact across 4 categories, but a significantly higher impact across 8 categories out of 16, including climate change and resource-use-energy-carriers. The majority of categories under which vegan mayonnaise underperformed were related to the electricity needed for aquafaba processing. These impacts can be mitigated with a “cleaner” electricity grid, or onsite renewable electricity generation. Substituting the Mexican grid, where the aquafaba is currently processed, for the Canadian grid, where the mayonnaise is produced, reduced the carbon footprint of the vegan mayonnaise by 37%, making it similar to the egg-based product. As sunflower oil production was linked to extensive environmental burdens, we performed additional sensitivity analyses around oil processing, sunflower production, and other vegetable oils. Our study shows that substituting egg yolk with aquafaba could cause an increase in the environmental footprint of mayonnaise due to high processing costs, illustrating that vegan options do not always have a smaller environmental footprint, and can represent a trade-off in their comparatively more humane and healthier offer.

Impact of urbanization on per capita energy use and emissions in India

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuti Haldar ◽  
Gautam Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Per Capita

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of urbanization on per capita energy consumption and emissions in India. Design/methodology/approach The present study analyses the effects of urbanization on energy consumption patterns by using the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology in India. Time series data from the period of 1960 to 2015 has been considered for the analysis. Variables including Population, GDP per capita, Energy intensity, share of industry in GDP, share of Services in GDP, total energy use and urbanization from World Bank data sources have been used for investigating the relationship between urbanization, affluence and energy use. Findings Energy demand is positively related to affluence (economic growth). Further the results of the analysis also suggest that, as urbanization, GDP and population are bound to increase in the future, consequently resulting in increased carbon dioxide emissions caused by increased energy demand and consumption. Thus, reducing the energy intensity is key to energy security and lower carbon dioxide emissions for India. Research limitations/implications The study will have important policy implications for India’s energy sector transition toward non- conventional, clean energy sources in the wake of growing share of its population residing in urban spaces. Originality/value There are limited number of studies considering the impacts of population density on per capita energy use. So this study also contributes methodologically by establishing per capita energy use as a function of population density and technology (i.e. growth rates of industrial and service sector).

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