scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of MRI Abnormality Which Was Suspected as Sinusitis in Japanese Middle-Aged and Elderly Community Dwellers

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Saiko Sugiura ◽  
Minori Yasue ◽  
Yasue Uchida ◽  
Masaaki Teranishi ◽  
Michihiko Sone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Elderly Japanese ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of MRI abnormalities which were suspected as sinusitis in community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly Japanese and to identify risk factors for the MRI abnormality. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from the National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA) were used for the analysis. Among the 2330 subjects in the NILS-LSA, 1933 participants were categorized as having no MRI abnormality or MRI abnormality using the Lund-Mackay (LM) score. The mean LM score of the participants was 0.88±1.92, and 144 (7.4%) participants had MRI abnormalities which were suspected as sinusitis when it was classified as an LM score greater than or equal to 4. The prevalence of MRI abnormality was significantly higher in participants of older age and the male sex, in participants with obesity, hypertension, bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, gout, or hyperuricemia and in ex- or current smokers. A multivariate logistic regression revealed that older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.17), obesity (OR = 1.54), a smoking habit (OR = 1.71), history of asthma (OR = 3.77), and chronic bronchitis (OR = 2.66) were significant risk factors for MRI abnormality.

scholarly journals Relation of Serum Total Cholesterol and Other Risk Factors to Risk of Coronary Events in Middle-Aged and Elderly Japanese Men With Hypercholesterolemia

2004 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikio Iwashita ◽  
Yasuyuki Matsushita ◽  
Jun Sasaki ◽  
Kikuo Arakawa ◽  
Suminori Kono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Coronary Events ◽  
Elderly Japanese

scholarly journals Atherosclerotic plaque in carotid arteries in systemic lupus erythematosus: frequency and associated risk factors

2005 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Wagner Silva de Souza ◽  
Francisca Satomi Hatta ◽  
Fausto Miranda Jr. ◽  
Emília Inoue Sato
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Systemic Lupus

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Atherosclerotic disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. No previous study has estimated carotid disease prevalence in such patients in Brazil. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of atherosclerotic plaque in carotid arteries, in SLE patients and controls, and to verify possible associations between risk factors and carotid plaque. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study, at Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina. METHODS: Carotid plaque prevalence was assessed by B-mode ultrasound in 82 female SLE patients of mean age 34.0 years and 62 controls of mean age 35.7 years. Plaque was defined as a distinct area of hyperechogenicity and/or focal protrusion of the vessel wall into the lumen. Risk factors for coronary disease and SLE-related variables were determined. RESULTS: 50% of patients and 29% of controls presented carotid plaque. Older age, longer disease duration, higher Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) score, higher levels of low-density lipoprotein and greater diabetes, obesity, premature ovarian failure and family history of coronary artery disease were found in patients with carotid plaque than in those without plaque. Patients with plaque were younger than controls with plaque. SLE diagnosis, obesity, older age, higher SLICC score and longer disease duration were independent risk factors for carotid plaque. CONCLUSION: Young patients with SLE present higher prevalence of carotid plaque than controls. SLE diagnosis was a significant risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Risk factors for cognitive impairment in older people with diabetes: a community-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204201881983664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangling Xiu ◽  
Qiuju Liao ◽  
Lina Sun ◽  
Piu Chan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Older People ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for cognitive impairment in older people with diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2626 community-dwelling participants with diabetes aged ⩾55 years, living in Beijing, China. The participants were screened for risk factors, including smoking, obesity, hypertension, stroke, coronary heart disease, dyslipidemia, depression, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, and low physical activity. Cognitive function was assessed with the scholarship-adjusted Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE): MMSE ⩽17 for iliterate participants; MMSE ⩽20 for primary school graduates (⩾6 years of education); and MMSE ⩽24 for junior school graduates or above (⩾9 years of education). Results: The prevalence of cognitive impairment in older people with diabetes was 9.90%. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that stroke [odds ratio (OR) = 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.20–2.43], less than 0.5 h exercise per day (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.37–2.61), and depression (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.06–2.54), but not smoking, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and coronary heart disease, were independent risks for cognitive impairment in older people with diabetes. In addition, being married (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.47–0.93) and urban living (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.22–0.48) could decrease the risk of cognitive impairment. Conclusions: Stroke, depression, and less than 0.5 h exercise per day were independent risks for cognitive impairment in older people with diabetes, whereas being married and urban living were protective.

scholarly journals Recalibrating the risk of hamstring strain injury (HSI): A 2020 systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors for index and recurrent hamstring strain injury in sport

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (18) ◽  
pp. 1081-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brady Green ◽  
Matthew N Bourne ◽  
Nicol van Dyk ◽  
Tania Pizzari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Best Evidence Synthesis ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveTo systematically review risk factors for hamstring strain injury (HSI).DesignSystematic review update.Data sourcesDatabase searches: (1) inception to 2011 (original), and (2) 2011 to December 2018 (update). Citation tracking, manual reference and ahead of press searches.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies presenting prospective data evaluating factors associated with the risk of index and/or recurrent HSI.MethodSearch result screening and risk of bias assessment. A best evidence synthesis for each factor and meta-analysis, where possible, to determine the association with risk of HSI.ResultsThe 78 studies captured 8,319 total HSIs, including 967 recurrences, in 71,324 athletes. Older age (standardised mean difference=1.6, p=0.002), any history of HSI (risk ratio (RR)=2.7, p<0.001), a recent HSI (RR=4.8, p<0.001), previous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury (RR=1.7, p=0.002) and previous calf strain injury (RR=1.5, p<0.001) were significant risk factors for HSI. From the best evidence synthesis, factors relating to sports performance and match play, running and hamstring strength were most consistently associated with HSI risk. The risk of recurrent HSI is best evaluated using clinical data and not the MRI characteristics of the index injury.Summary/conclusionOlder age and a history of HSI are the strongest risk factors for HSI. Future research may be directed towards exploring the interaction of risk factors and how these relationships fluctuate over time given the occurrence of index and recurrent HSI in sport is multifactorial.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Asthma and Risk Factors for Asthma-Like Symptoms in Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Children in the Northern Territories of Canada

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Gao ◽  
Brian H Rowe ◽  
Carina Majaesic ◽  
Cindy O’Hara ◽  
A Senthilselvan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Aboriginal Children

BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated the prevalence and risk factors of asthma in Canadian Aboriginal children.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of asthma and asthma-like symptoms, as well as the risk factors for asthma-like symptoms, in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children living in the northern territories of Canada.METHODS: Data on 2404 children, aged between 0 and 11 years, who participated in the North component of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth were used in the present study. A child was considered to have an asthma-like symptom if there was a report of ever having had asthma, asthma attacks or wheeze in the past 12 months.RESULTS: After excluding 59 children with missing information about race, 1399 children (59.7%) were of Aboriginal ancestry. The prevalence of asthma was significantly lower (P<0.05) in Aboriginal children (5.7%) than non-Aboriginal children (10.0%), while the prevalence of wheeze was similar between Aboriginal (15.0%) and non-Aboriginal (14.5%) children. In Aboriginal children, infants and toddlers had a significantly greater prevalence of asthma-like symptoms (30.0%) than preschool-aged children (21.5%) and school-aged children (11.5%). Childhood allergy and a mother’s daily smoking habit were significant risk factors for asthma-like symptoms in both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children. In addition, infants and toddlers were at increased risk of asthma-like symptoms in Aboriginal children. In analyses restricted to specific outcomes, a mother’s daily smoking habit was a significant risk factor for current wheeze in Aboriginal children and for ever having had asthma in non-Aboriginal children.CONCLUSIONS: Asthma prevalence appears to be lower in Aboriginal children than in non-Aboriginal children. The association between daily maternal smoking and asthma-like symptoms, which has been mainly reported for children living in urban areas, was observed in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children living in northern and remote communities in Canada.

scholarly journals The Determinants of Chronic Bronchitis in Aboriginal Children and Youth

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. e75-e80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alomgir Hossain ◽  
Stephanie Konrad ◽  
James A Dosman ◽  
Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan ◽  
Jesse McCrosky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aboriginal Children

BACKGROUND: There is limited knowledge concerning chronic bronchitis (CB) in Canadian Aboriginal peoples.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence (crude and adjusted) of CB and its associated risk factors in Canadian Aboriginal children and youth six to 14 years of age.METHODS: Data from the cross-sectional Aboriginal Peoples Survey were analyzed in the present study. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors influencing the prevalence of CB among Aboriginal children and youth. The balanced repeated replication method was used to compute standard errors of regression coefficients to account for clustering inherent in the study design. The outcome of interest was based on the question: “Have you been told by a doctor, nurse or other health professional that you have chronic bronchitis?” Demographics, environment and population characteristics (predisposing and enabling resources) were tested for an association with CB.RESULTS: The prevalence of CB was 3.1% for boys and 2.8% for girls. Other significant risk factors of CB were age (OR 1.38 [95% CI 1.24 to 1.52] for 12 to 14 year olds versus six to eight year olds), income (OR 2.28 [95% CI 2.02 to 2.59] for income category <$25,000/year versus ≥$85,000/year), allergies (OR 1.96 [95% CI 1.78 to 2.16] for having allergies versus no allergies), asthma (OR 7.61 [ 95% CI 6.91 to 8.37] for having asthma versus no asthma) and location of residence (rural/urban and geographical location). A significant two-way interaction between sex and body mass index indicated that the relationship between the prevalence of CB and body mass index was modified by sex.DISCUSSION: The prevalence of CB was related to well-known risk factors among adults, including older age and lower annual income.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Tooth Loss Among Community-Dwelling Middle-aged and Elderly Japanese Men

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayumi Ando ◽  
Masaki Ohsawa ◽  
Yumi Yaegashi ◽  
Kiyomi Sakata ◽  
Kozo Tanno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Elderly Japanese

scholarly journals Serum Fatty Acid Compositions by Sex and Age Group in Community-dwelling Middle-aged and Elderly Japanese

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Otsuka ◽  
Yuki Kato ◽  
Tomoko Imai ◽  
Fujiko Ando ◽  
Hiroshi Shimokata
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Serum Fatty Acid ◽  
Elderly Japanese ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

scholarly journals Risk factors for one-year all-cause mortality in elderly multimorbid medical in-patients.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marte Sofie Wang-Hansen ◽  
Hege Kersten ◽  
Torgeir Bruun Wyller
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Due to expansion of longevity, the proportion of elderly people with multimorbidity is increasing. Our aim was to identify risk factors for all-cause mortality in elderly multimorbid medical in-patients one year after acute hospitalization. Information regarding risk factors is important to support targeted care plans after discharge. Methods Prospective cohort study of patients acutely admitted to a medical department in a Norwegian regional hospital. Eligible patients were community-dwelling, received home care services before hospitalization, were aged 75+, and suffered from two or more chronic conditions. Inclusion period was 1. April – 31. October 2012. Candidate variables were number of daily prescribed drugs, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics score, delirium, body mass index (BMI), handgrip strength, Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index score, and the laboratory analyses haemoglobin (Hgb), sodium (Na) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results We included 227 patients; mean age 86 years, 59% women, 71% lived alone. During the year after hospitalization, 39% died. In the adjusted cox proportional hazards regression analysis, significant and independent risk factors were BMI (hazard ratio (HR) 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.98 per kg/m 2 ), Hgb (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76-0.98 per g/100 mL), Na (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.99 per mmol/L) and eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.07-3.08). Conclusions In this cohort of multimorbid elderly internal medicine patients, low body mass, hyponatremia, impaired renal function and anaemia were identified as independent and significant risk factors for one-year mortality.

scholarly journals Risk factors for depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study in middle-aged and older adults

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Rutland-Lawes ◽  
Anna-Stiina Wallinheimo ◽  
Simon L. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Increased Risk

Background The COVID-19 pandemic and resultant social restrictions have had widespread psychological ramifications, including a rise in depression prevalence. However, longitudinal studies on sociodemographic risk factors are lacking. Aims To quantify longitudinal changes in depression symptoms during the pandemic compared with a pre-pandemic baseline, in middle-aged and older adults, and identify the risk factors contributing to this. Method A total of 5331 participants aged ≥50 years were drawn from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Self-reported depression symptoms in June/July 2020 were compared with baseline data from 2–3 years prior. Regression models investigated sociodemographic and lifestyle variables that could explain variance in change in depression. Results Within-participant depression scores increased significantly from pre-pandemic levels: 14% met the criteria for clinical depression at baseline, compared with 26% during the pandemic. Younger age, female gender, higher depression scores at baseline, living alone and having a long-standing illness were significant risk factors. Gender-stratified regression models indicated that older age was protective for women only, whereas urban living increased risk among women only. Being an alcohol consumer was a protective factor among men only. Conclusions Depression in UK adults aged ≥50 years increased significantly during the pandemic. Being female, living alone and having a long-standing illness were prominent risk factors. Younger women living in urban areas were at particularly high risk, suggesting such individuals should be prioritised for support. Findings are also informative for future risk stratification and intervention strategies, particularly if social restrictions are reimposed as the COVID-19 crisis continues to unfold.

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