scholarly journals Inflammatory Profiles in Depressed Adolescents Treated with Fluoxetine: An 8-Week Follow-up Open Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez ◽  
Enrique Becerril-Villanueva ◽  
Rodrigo Arreola ◽  
Gabriela Martínez-Levy ◽  
María Eugenia Hernández-Gutiérrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Adolescent Sample ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Changes in cytokine levels in major depression and during treatment have been reported in adults. However, few studies have examined cytokine levels in an adolescent sample despite this being a common age of onset. Methods. We measured proinflammatory (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-15) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-1Ra, and IL-10) cytokine serum levels in 22 adolescents with major depression and 18 healthy volunteers. Cytokines were measured by multiplex bead-based immunoassays at baseline, and 4 and 8 weeks after commencement of fluoxetine administration in the clinical group. Results. Compared to healthy volunteers, adolescents with major depression at baseline showed significant increases in all pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, except IL-1Ra and IL-10. Significant changes were observed in fluoxetine treatment compared to baseline: proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-15 were decreased only at week 4 whereas IL-2 was increased only at week 8; anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-5 were increased at week 8 while IL-1Ra was reduced only at week 4. There were no significant correlations between cytokine levels and symptomatic improvement in HDRS. Discussion. The results suggest a significant interplay between cytokine levels, the depressive state, and the stage of treatment with an SSRI. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in depressed adolescents with elevated IL-12, IL-13, and IL-15 levels. Further studies are necessary to clarify the role and mechanisms of altered cytokine levels in the pathogenesis and physiopathology of major depressive disorder.

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of Cytokine Pattern in Early and Late Onset of Neonatal Sepsis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kh. S. Khaertynov ◽  
S. V. Boichuk ◽  
S. F. Khaiboullina ◽  
V. A. Anokhin ◽  
A. A. Andreeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cytokine Pattern ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Significant Health

Neonatal sepsis is a significant health issue associated with high mortality. Immune responses associated with neonatal sepsis, such as proinflammatory cytokine production, are believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of this disease. In the present study, serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL1-β, and IL-6 and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 were evaluated for 25 subjects with neonatal sepsis. We observed that subjects with late onset of sepsis (LOS), as well as those with early onset of sepsis (EOS), had a substantial increase in serum TNF-α. In contrast to EOS, subjects with LOS demonstrated a significant increase in serum levels IL-6 and IL-10. Additionally, we observed a significant difference in cytokine profiles between acute and postacute cases of neonatal sepsis. For instance, the level of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, was elevated in the acute phase, whereas the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, became substantially upregulated during the postacute phase. Additionally, no correlation was observed between cytokine levels and CRP levels or lymphocyte counts. Thus, in contrast to CRP levels and lymphocyte counts, examination of the cytokine profile can provide valuable information when determining the most effective therapy for treating neonatal sepsis. This information may be useful to physicians when determining if anti-inflammatory or immune stimulatory therapy is warranted.

scholarly journals CD19+ CD24hi CD38hi Regulatory B Cells and Memory B Cells in Periodontitis: Association with Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Helal F. Hetta ◽  
Ibrahim M. Mwafey ◽  
Gaber El-Saber Batiha ◽  
Suliman Y. Alomar ◽  
Nahed A. Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Peripheral Tolerance ◽  
Regulatory B Cells ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are unique subpopulations of B cells with immune-regulating or immune-suppressing properties and play a role in peripheral tolerance. Due to the current limitations of human Breg studies among periodontal diseases, in the present study, we tried to analyze the change in circulating Bregs, pro-inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with periodontitis. Peripheral blood from 55 patients with stage 2 periodontitis and 20 healthy controls was analyzed using flow cytometry to evaluate the frequency of CD19+CD24+CD38+ Breg cells. ELISA was used to assess the serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-10, IL-35, and TGF-β. Increased proportions of Breg cells were observed in patients with stage 2 periodontitis compared to controls. Serum levels of cytokines were significantly higher in patients with periodontitis compared to controls. A significant positive correlation was observed between the frequencies of Breg cells and IL35 levels, IL10 levels, and TGF-β. In conclusion, our results suggest that the increase in peripheral Breg cells and serum cytokine levels among periodontitis patients seems to be closely associated with disease progression, a possible link between periodontitis, and systemic inflammatory process.

scholarly journals Balance Between Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in Mice Treated WithCentruroides noxiusScorpion Venom

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera L. Petricevich
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Lethal Factor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

CSV consists of a very complex of molecules and demonstrates significant cellular activities capable of stimulating immune functions in vivo. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of CSV on sex, weight, route of injection and the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in mice. The susceptibility and route of injection were analyzed by lethal (LD50) determination. The effects of CSV were also analyzed in blood from immunized mice using detection by means of antibodies and mediators production. Several functional bioassays were employed: TNF activity was assayed by measuring its cytotoxic activity in L929 cells, and other cytokines were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, whereas nitric oxide levels were detected by Griess colorimetric reactions in sera from BALB/c mice. After injecting subcutaneously, the LD50presented an increase of the CSV correlation and similar levels of susceptibility were obtained for female and male from BALB/c mice. Significant differences were observed in the time-course of cytokine levels. The balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines TNF/IL-10 and IL-6/IL-10 ratios were significantly higher in injected mice group when compared with those obtained for non-injected group. The CSV is poor in antigenic composition and it is difficult to get antibodies specific to neutralizing the lethal factor. The effect of immunization with 0.5 LD50of CSV on the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was measured. The maximum levels of TNF and IL-6, IFN-γand NO were observed on days 7 and 21 after immunization, respectively. IL-10 levels peaked between days 21 and 28 after immunization with CSV. With respect, to balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines it was possible to observe that negative correlation between serum levels of IL-6/IL-10 and TNF/IL-10 exists. These ratios may possibly reflect the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in serum, which may by manifested in the inflammatory status during the envenoming processes. In conclusion, an increase in the serum levels of TNF and IL-6 may be a useful marker for scorpion envenomation.

scholarly journals BLOOD OF CYTOKINE LEVELS AND THEIR CORRELATIONS WITH LIVER INJURY IN PATIENTS COINFECTED WITH HIV AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
L. B. Korolevskaya ◽  
E. V. Saydakova ◽  
K. V. Shmagel
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of blood of cytokines and their correlations with indices of liver injury in patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis C virus. Materials and methods. 61 persons were enrolled in the study: HIV/VHC coinfected patients (n=20), HIV monoinfected patients (n=21) and non-infected volunteers (n=20). Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-5, TNF-a, VEGF, FGF basic and biomarkers of liver injury (AST, SGPT, APRI) were measured. The significant increase in serum levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in HIV/VHC co-infected patients compared to the same indices in HIV mono-infected patients was detected. Positive correlation between biomarkers of liver injury and concentrations of observed cytokines and growth factors was found. Conclusion. In chronic inflammation, increased level of peripheral proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and their associations with biomarkers of liver injury may explain accelerated liver fibrosis in HIV/HCV coinfected patients.

scholarly journals Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in the First Trimester—Comparison of Missed Miscarriage and Normal Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8538
Author(s):  
Maciej Kwiatek ◽  
Tomasz Gęca ◽  
Anna Kwaśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Tgf Β1

The advantage in response of Th2 over Th1 is observed in normal pregnancy in peripheral blood. A disturbance of this balance can lead to symptoms of miscarriage and pregnancy loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in sera of women who were diagnosed with missed miscarriage in the first trimester and to compare this systemic immune response to the response in women with normal pregnancy. The study group consisted of 61 patients diagnosed with missed miscarriage. In total, 19 healthy women with uncomplicated first trimester created the control group. Cytokines were determined in the maternal serum by ELISA. The analysis included INF-γ, TNF-α, Il-1β, Il-4, Il-5, Il-6, Il-9, Il-10, Il-13 and TGF-β1. Th1 cytokine levels in the study group reached slightly higher values for INF-γ, Il-1β and slightly lower for IL-6 and TNF-α. In turn, Th2 cytokine levels in the study group were slightly higher (Il-9, Il-13), significantly higher (Il4, p = 0.015; Il-5, p = 0.0003) or showed no differences with the control group (Il-10). Slightly lower concentration involved only TGF-β1. Analysis of the correlation between levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines resulted in some discrepancies, without showing predominance of a specific immune response. The results did not confirm that women with missed miscarriage had an advantage in any type of immune response in comparison to women with normal pregnancy.

Cytokine Levels in Critically Ill Children With Severe Sepsis and Their Relation With the Severity of Illness and Mortality

2020 ◽  
pp. 088506662091298
Author(s):  
Suresh Kumar Angurana ◽  
Arun Bansal ◽  
Jayashree Muralidharan ◽  
Ritu Aggarwal ◽  
Sunit Singhi
Keyword(s):  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Objective: To study the baseline cytokine levels and their relation with the severity of illness and mortality in critically ill children with severe sepsis. Design: Subgroup analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary level teaching hospital in India. Patients: Fifty children with severe sepsis aged 3 months to 12 years. Material and Methods: Blood was collected at admission for estimation of pro-inflammatory (interleukin 6 [IL-6], IL-12p70, IL-17, and tumor necrotic factor α [TNF-α]) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and transforming growth factor β1 [TGF-β1]) cytokines. Primary Outcome: To find out correlation between cytokine levels and severity of illness scores (Pediatric Risk of Mortality [PRISM] III score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA], and Vasoactive-Inotropic Score [VIS]). Secondary Outcomes: To compare cytokine levels among survivors and nonsurvivors. Results: Baseline pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (median [interquartile range]) were IL-6: 189 (35-285) pg/mL, IL-12p: 48 (28-98) pg/mL, IL-17: 240 (133-345) pg/mL, and TNF-α: 296 (198-430) pg/mL; anti-inflammatory cytokine levels were IL-10: 185 (62-395) pg/mL and TGF-β1: 204 (92-290) ng/mL. Pro-inflammatory cytokines showed positive correlation with PRISM III score: IL-6 (Spearman correlation coefficient, ρ = 0.273, P = .06), IL-12 (ρ = 0.367, P = .01), IL-17 (ρ = 0.197, P = .17), and TNF-α (ρ = 0.284, P = .05), and anti-inflammatory cytokines showed negative correlation: IL-10 (ρ = −0.257, P = .09) and TGF-β (ρ = −0.238, P = .11). Both SOFA and VIS also showed weak positive correlation with IL-12 (ρ = 0.32, P = .03 and ρ = 0.31, P = .03, respectively). Among nonsurvivors (n = 5), the levels of all the measured pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly higher as compared to survivors, IL-6: 359 (251-499) pg/mL versus 157 (97-223) pg/mL, P < .0001, IL-12p70: 167 (133-196) pg/mL versus 66 (30-100) pg/mL, P < .0001, IL-17: 400 (333-563) pg/mL versus 237 (122-318) pg/mL, P = .009, and TNF-α: 409 (355-503) pg/mL versus 330 (198-415) pg/mL, P = .002, respectively. Conclusion: In critically ill children with severe sepsis, pro-inflammatory cytokines (especially IL-12p70) showed a weak positive correlation with severity of illness and were significantly higher among nonsurvivors.

scholarly journals Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Balance in Major Depression: Effect of Sertraline Therapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Sutcigil ◽  
Cagatay Oktenli ◽  
Ugur Musabak ◽  
Ali Bozkurt ◽  
Adnan Cansever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Depression Effect ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

The specific associations between antidepressant treatment and alterations in the levels of cytokines remain to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, TNF-α, TGF-β1, and MCP-1 in major depression and to investigate the effects of sertraline therapy. Cytokine and chemokine levels were measured at the time of admission and 8 weeks after sertraline treatment. Our results suggest that the proinflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-12, and TNF-α) and MCP-1 were significantly higher, whereas anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and TGF-β1 were significantly lower in patients with major depression than those of healthy controls. It seems likely that the sertraline therapy might have exerted immunomodulatory effects through a decrease in the proinflammatory cytokine IL-12 and an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and TGF-β1. In conclusion, our results indicate that Th1-, Th2-, and Th3-type cytokines are altered in the depressed patients and some of them might have been corrected by sertraline treatment.

A Comparative Study of Serum Levels of the Anti inflammatory Cytokines IL-35 in Allergic Asthma and H. pylori Infected Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
Abbas Fadhil Hato ◽  
Alia Essam Mahmood Alubadi ◽  
Suad Almas Brakhas ◽  
Ali Haider Abdoul-Hadi Alsakini
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
H Pylori

Impact of Systemic Normobaric Short-Term Hypoxia on Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in Healthy Volunteers

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (08/2015) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilonka Rohm ◽  
Josephine Ratka ◽  
Rudin Pistulli ◽  
Bjoern Goebel ◽  
Thomas Gecks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, but not CRP, are inversely correlated with severity and symptoms of major depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank M. Schmidt ◽  
Thomas Schröder ◽  
Kenneth C. Kirkby ◽  
Christian Sander ◽  
Thomas Suslow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Anti Inflammatory
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