scholarly journals Calcium Signaling in the Ventricular Myocardium of the Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Al Kury ◽  
M. Smail ◽  
M. A. Qureshi ◽  
V. Sydorenko ◽  
A. Shmygol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Contractile Dysfunction ◽  
Gk Rat ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and high mortality linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major concern worldwide. Clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated a variety of diastolic and systolic dysfunctions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with the severity of abnormalities depending on the patients’ age and duration of diabetes. The cellular basis of hemodynamic dysfunction in a type 2 diabetic heart is still not well understood. The aim of this review is to evaluate our current understanding of contractile dysfunction and disturbances of Ca2+transport in the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) diabetic rat heart. The GK rat is a widely used nonobese, nonhypertensive genetic model of T2DM which is characterized by insulin resistance, elevated blood glucose, alterations in blood lipid profile, and cardiac dysfunction.

scholarly journals Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetic Rat Models-GK Rat and SDT Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 396-420
Author(s):  
Takeshi Ohta ◽  
Tomohiko Sasase ◽  
Takayuki Gotoh ◽  
Masami Shinohara ◽  
Phanthila Sirichaiyakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Gk Rat ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Q192R paraoxonase gene 1 (PON1) polymorphism and atorvastatin therapy effect in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
M. V. Kim ◽  
S. A. Skoryukova ◽  
A. A. Bystrova ◽  
E. I. Baranova ◽  
S. N. Pchelina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Therapy Effect ◽  
Atorvastatin Therapy

Study objective: to estimate efficiency of atorvastatin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who are the carrier of various genotypes Q192R paraoxonase gene 1 (PON1). 386 T2DM patients, who have not received statin therapy before, and 187 healthy people were examined. All those examined were exposed to blood lipid profile testing and molecular genetic research. The atorvastatin treatment group included 164 T2DM patients with abnormality of lipids, their blood lipid profile values were assessed before and after 3 months of the therapy. Blood lipid profile values did not differ in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM) - the carriers of different Q192R genotypes of paraoxonase gene 1 (PON1) polymorphism. Atorvastatin therapy decreased atherogenic lipoprotein levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM) - the carriers of different Q192R genotypes of paraoxonase gene 1 (PON1) polymorphism, but reduction degree in the carriers of different Q192R genotypes differed - in Q192Q bearers it was greater than in the bearers of Q192R genotype of gene PON1 (р = 0,031). Atorvastatin 3-months therapy revealed greater reduction of total cholesterol in the carriers of Q192Q genotype of gene 1 (PON1) than in the carriers of Q192R genotype of gene 1 (PON1).

scholarly journals Metabolic and Pancreatic Derangement in type 2 Diabetic Rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza Noordin ◽  
Nor Asiah Muhamad Nor ◽  
Nor Hidayah Abu Bakar ◽  
Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing globally, despite the best current therapies available. A large diversity of animal models has been developed for better understanding the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to develop a rat model that mimics the metabolic characteristics of human type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague–Dawley rats (200–250 g) were divided into two groups and fed either a commercially available standard pellet diet (n=8) or a self-prepared high-fat diet (HFD) (n=16) for 6 weeks. HFD-fed rats were significantly obese compared to standard-fed rats. Eight of the obese rats were injected a single low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) at 35 mg/kg intraperitoneally to induce type 2 diabetic rat (T2DR) and were monitored for 6 weeks. Results: The weekly fasting blood glucose levels (FBG) in T2DR remained consistently high throughout the 6 weeks. The T2DR group exhibits decreased body weight, increased water intake, increased 24-hour urine volume with microalbuminuria, hyperlipidemia, altered liver and kidney functions, and structural changes of the islet of Langerhans. Conclusion: This model simulates the natural disease progression and metabolic characteristics of type 2 diabetic patients. This model mimics the human syndrome that can be maintained at a reasonable cost, and easy to develop.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Canagliflozin and Zinc Sulphate Alone and in Combination on Pancreatic Histology in Type-2 Diabetic Rat Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Bushra Suhail
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a common metabolic syndrome characterized by persistently elevated blood glucose levels. Canagliflozin is an SGLT-2 inhibitor that controls hyperglycemia by reducing the reabsorption of filtered glucose and excreting it in the urine. Zinc sulphate exhibits some beneficial role in diabetes mellitus but has not been compared to canagliflozin individually and in combination. Aims & Objectives: To observe the effects of treatment with canagliflozin and zinc sulphate on pancreatic histology in streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetic rat model. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, KEMU and PGMI, Lahore for the period of two months. Material & Methods: It was an animal experimental study of eight weeks duration in which 48 adult healthy albino rats of male gender were divided into six groups and were provided the high fat diet throughout the study period. Groups A and B were maintained as healthy and diseased controls respectively. Groups B, C, D, E and F were administered single I/P dose streptozotocin (35mg/kg) at day 22 for inducing diabetes. Upon confirmation of diabetes after a week the rats were further treated as per group designation orally for 4 weeks , individually or in combination with full or half doses of canagliflozin (10 mg /kg/day, 5mg/kg/day ) and zinc sulphate (30mg/kg/day, 15mg/kg/day) . All animals were euthanized at the completion of study duration. The pancreatic tissue was taken out and examined for the histopathological changes (size and number of pancreatic islets, karyolysis and ballooning degeneration). Results: There was a marked improvement in the size and number of islets as well as the inflammatory changes in the combined treatment group (with canagliflozin in full as well as half dose of zinc sulphate) as compared to the groups given zinc sulphate and canagliflozin separately. Conclusion: Combined treatment with canagliflozin and zinc sulphate has a better protective effect on the pancreatic tissue in diabetes than either of them used alone.

732-P: Effect of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D on Blood Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetics

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 732-P
Author(s):  
NAN LI ◽  
YANRU WANG ◽  
BING ZHU ◽  
HANG SUN ◽  
PENG YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

scholarly journals Risk stratification score for acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Lee ◽  
J Zhou ◽  
CL Guo ◽  
WKK Wu ◽  
WT Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) are major cardiovascular adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus. Although there are many risk scores on composite outcomes of major cardiovascular adverse outcomes or cardiovascular mortality for diabetic patients, these existing scores did not account for the difference in pathogenesis and prognosis between acute coronary syndrome and lethal ventricular arrhythmias. Furthermore, recent studies reported that HbA1c and lipid levels, which were often accounted for in these risk scores, have J/U-shaped relationships with adverse outcomes. Purpose The present study aims to evaluate the application of incorporating non-linear J/U-shaped relationships between mean HbA1c and cholesterol levels into risk scores for predicting for AMI and non-AMI related SCD respectively, amongst type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods This was a territory-wide cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus above the age 40 and free from prior AMI and SCD, with or without prescriptions of anti-diabetic agents between January 1st, 2009 to December 31st, 2009 at government-funded hospitals and clinics in Hong Kong. Risk scores were developed for predicting incident AMI and non-AMI related SCD. The performance of conditional inference survival forest (CISF) model compared to that of random survival forests (RSF) model and multivariate Cox model. Results This study included 261308 patients (age = 66.0 ± 11.8 years old, male = 47.6%, follow-up duration = 3552 ± 1201 days, diabetes duration = 4.77 ± 2.29 years). Mean HbA1c and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were significant predictors of AMI under multivariate Cox regression and were linearly associated with AMI. Mean HbA1c and total cholesterol were significant multivariate predictors with a J-shaped relationship with non-AMI related SCD. The AMI and SCD risk scores had an area-under-the-curve (AUC) of 0.666 (95% confidence interval (CI)= [0.662, 0.669]) and 0.677 (95% CI= [0.673, 0.682]), respectively. CISF significantly improves prediction performance of both outcomes compared to RSF and multivariate Cox models. Conclusions A holistic combination of demographic, clinical, and laboratory indices can be used for the risk stratification of type 2 diabetic patients against AMI and SCD.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Type 2 Diabetic Rodent Models

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-wei Wang ◽  
Guang-dong Sun ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Shu-jun Liu ◽  
Ji Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes (T2DM), is one of the most common chronic diseases and continues to increase in numbers with large proportion of health care budget being used. Many animal models have been established in order to investigate the mechanisms and pathophysiologic progress of T2DM and find effective treatments for its complications. On the basis of their strains, features, advantages, and disadvantages, various types of animal models of T2DM can be divided into spontaneously diabetic models, artificially induced diabetic models, and transgenic/knockout diabetic models. Among these models, the spontaneous rodent models are used more frequently because many of them can closely describe the characteristic features of T2DM, especially obesity and insulin resistance. In this paper, we aim to investigate the current available spontaneous rodent models for T2DM with regard to their characteristic features, advantages, and disadvantages, and especially to describe appropriate selection and usefulness of different spontaneous rodent models in testing of various new antidiabetic drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

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