scholarly journals Salivary Levels of Hemoglobin for Screening Periodontal Disease: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Nomura ◽  
Ayako Okada ◽  
Yoh Tamaki ◽  
Hiroko Miura
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Paper Strip ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Antibody Reaction ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Better Than

Periodontal disease is a common inflammatory disease. It affects about 20–50% of global population in both developed and developing countries. Early detection of slight changes of periodontal tissue plays an important role in prevention of onset and progression of periodontal disease. Hence, there is a need of a screening test to assess periodontal tissue for health check-ups. Salivary levels hemoglobin (Hb) has been proposed to assess the conditions of the inflammation of gingiva. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate and summarize critically the current evidences for Hb as periodontal screening test. We performed a literature search of report published using PubMed databases. A total of 55 articles were retrieved and 16 were selected. Our review focuses on corelation coefficient with periodontal clinical parameters or sensitivity and specificity. As a result, fourteen studies calculated sensitivity and specificity of Hb. Six studies measured salivary levels hemoglobin at laboratory: three studies used polyclonal antibody reactions and other studies used colorimetric tests. Eight studies used paper strip method: 4 studies used monoclonal antibody reaction and 4 studies used colorimetric tests. Youden’s indexes by antibody reaction were better than those of colorimetric methods. Evidences are described above and further studies are necessary to set the cut off values stratified by gender, age and number of remaining teeth.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Novel Test Paper Strip Method for Detecting Occult Blood in Saliva as a Screening Test for Periodontal Disease.

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Ohshima ◽  
Kenji Fujikawa ◽  
Kyoichi Kumagai ◽  
Masataka Idesawa ◽  
Sanae Ezawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Paper Strip ◽  
Test Paper ◽  
Strip Method

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN MEMANDIKAN TRADISIONAL DENGAN DISPOSABLE BED BATHS DI RUANG INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (ICU)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusuf ◽  
Yuliana Syam ◽  
Andi Masyita Irwan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: Approximately 1.75 to 3.5 million patients in the hospital get nosocomial infection each year. Patients in ICU that mechanically installed ventilators is unable to meet the needs of self-care, bathing. Bathing with Disposable bed baths (DBB) method using disposable bath wash lap can reduce the time in bathing and eliminating the use of bath basin that proved as a reservoir for bacteria and can transmit infection in hospital. This study aims to compare the duration, cost and differences in the number of microorganisms between traditional bathing and using Disposable Bed Baths. Method: The literature search used four databases: Pubmed, ProQuest, Science Direct, and Google Scholar by including traditional bathing keywords, Disposable bed baths, with year-end published in 2011 to 2017. This study obtained 34 articles with exclusions 22 articles. Result: Articles that are relevant to the topic are 12 (2 systematic review, 1 descriptive study, 5 randomized controlled trials, 4 case study). Setting of patient research in ICU and having elderly patient. Some research finds that both bathing methods can reduce the number of microorganisms in the skin, traditional bathing can cause dry skin. In terms of cost and bathing duration, bathing methods with disposable bed baths better than traditional bathing methods. Conclusions: There is little research on the comparison of traditional bathing and disposable bed baths in relation to cost, duration and number of microorganisms, especially patients treated in the ICU.  Key words : traditional bathing, disposable bed baths, ICU

scholarly journals Should We Be Concerned about the Association of Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Disease in the Risk of Infection by SARS-CoV-2? A Systematic Review and Hypothesis

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Casillas Santana ◽  
Juan Antonio Arreguín Cano ◽  
Alejandro Dib Kanán ◽  
Farid Alonso Dipp Velázquez ◽  
Paulina del Carmen Sosa Munguía ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
English Language ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bidirectional Association ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this article was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to contrast the existing evidence regarding the relationship between periodontal disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) with the possibly increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as to establish a hypothesis that explains the ways in which this interaction could take place. A literature search up from 1 January 2020 to 21 March 2021 was conducted in three electronic databases, namely, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, in order to identify studies on periodontal disease alone or in conjunction with diabetes mellitus, reporting any relation with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a primary outcome. Only articles published in the English language were included. Due to the lack of studies, we decided to collect all the theoretical and clinical evidence suggesting a possible biological pathway evidencing the relationship among PD, DM, and SARS-CoV-2 infection. From a total of 29 articles, 12 were included for final review studies (five reviews, two hypotheses, one Special Issue, one perspective, one commentary, one case–control study, and one case report). In addition, this systematic review article hypothesizes the correlation between PD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in periodontal tissue and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. T2DM is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels resulting from altered insulin secretion or action. Likewise, periodontitis and T2DM are inflammatory disorders with a bidirectional association, and both diseases have a similar immunomodulatory cascade and cytokine profile. ACE2 is a crucial component of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and the key factor of entry in the cells by the new SARS-CoV-2. ACE2 is widely distributed in the lung and kidneys, and interestingly has a great distribution in the oral cavity, principally in the tongue and periodontal tissue. ACE2 in periodontal tissue plays a crucial role between health and disease. Moreover, the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis is downregulated in the dysbiotic and inflammatory periodontal environment. Nevertheless, the balance of ACE2 activity is modified in the context of concurrent diabetes, increasing the expression of ACE2 by the uncontrolled glycemia chronic in T2DM. Therefore, the uncontrolled hyperglycemia possibly increases the risk of developing periodontitis and triggering overexpression of ACE2 in periodontal tissue of T2DM patients, with these events potentially being essential to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of mild-to-severe form of COVID-19. In this sense, we would like to point out that the need for randomized controlled trials is imperative to support this association.

Better one or two? A systematic review of portable automated refractors

2020 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2094014
Author(s):  
Anindya Samanta ◽  
Akaanksh Shetty ◽  
Patricia C Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Patient Acceptance ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Clinical Evaluations ◽  
Portable Technology ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error ◽  
Better Than

Introduction More than 400 million people suffer from visual impairment globally, with more than half due to uncorrected refractive error. Autorefraction (AR) is the most common examination performed prior to prescribing glasses. As technology advances, so has the accuracy and number of portable autorefractors available. Portable technology has become acutely important with the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the conversion of in-person clinical evaluations to remote telemedicine encounters. Patients and providers want to do as much as possible remotely. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review of the accuracy and effectiveness of available portable automated refractors compared to the current standard of care, subjective refraction (SR). Methods A literature search of PubMED, Embase and ClinicalTrials.gov 97 unique publications in English on portable autorefractors. Twelve studies comparing a portable AR device to at least one form of SR were systematically included in this review. Results There were four portable autorefractors (Netra, Quicksee, Retinomax and SVOne) studied against SR. There was high patient acceptance of glasses prescriptions by the Quicksee alone, with 87% subjects seeing the same or better than SR. Quicksee was more accurate than Netra and Retinomax. SVOne was preferred over Netra and outperformed Retinomax in multiple measures, despite Retinomax being the fastest test. Discussion There are numerous portable autorefractors available, but few were compared against SR. Quicksee and SVOne are the most accurate and patient-preferred devices. Quicksee was the most accurate, and it performed clinically the same as SR in some reports.

Detection of early occlusal caries of the first permanent molar using different techniques (An in vivo study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Samah F. Al-Qazzaz ◽  
Abeer M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Clinical Sensitivity ◽  
Permanent Molar ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Early Caries ◽  
First Permanent Molars ◽  
Better Than

Background: Molars and premolars are considered as the most vulnerable teeth of caries attack, which is related to the morphology of their occlusal surfaces along with the difficulty of plaque removal. different methods were used for early caries detection that provide sensitive, accurate preoperative diagnosis of caries depths to establish adequate preventive measures and avoid premature tooth treatment by restoration. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical sensitivity and specificity rates of DIAGNOdent and visual inspection as opposed to the ICDAS for the detection of initial occlusal caries in noncavitated first permanent molars. Materials and Methods: This study examined 139 occlusal surface of the first permanent molar pooled from fifty patients aged 8-9 years by three methods. The selected criteria include one occlusal site per tooth (first permanent molars) with carious lesions range from 0 to 3 according to ICDASII (gold standard) visual criteria then the clinical sensitivity and specificity of visual inspection according to Ekstrand et al.in 1997 and DIAGNOdent were performed. . Results: the highest correlation was found between the ICDASII and DIAGNOdent. The sensitivity of the DIAGNOdent for the enamel caries detection (D1) was better than that of visual inspection. The sensitivity and the specificity for the DIAGNOdent at D3 threshold were better than the D1 threshold and the visual inspection method. Conclusion: DIAGNOden pen can be used as a tool for early caries detection in cases of difficult diagnosis that provide good additional sensitivity to the visual inspection.

Periodontopathogens: a new view. Systematic review. Part 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
E. S. Slazhneva ◽  
E. A. Tikhomirova ◽  
V. G. Atrushkevich
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Past

Relevance. The modern view of periodontitis as a dysbiotic disease that occurs as a result of changes in the microbial composition of the subgingival region is considered in a systematic review.Purpose. To study a new paradigm of development of generalized periodontitis.Materials and methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTS) were selected for the study, including cluster RCTS, controlled (non-randomized) microbiological and clinical studies of the oral microbiome in adult patients with generalized periodontitis over the past 10 years.Results. The transition from a symbiotic microflora to a dysbiotic pathogenic community triggers the host's inflammatory response, which contributes to the development of periodontal diseases. Modern ideas about periodontal pathogenic bacteria dictate new requirements for the treatment of periodontal diseases. The second part of the review examines the microbial profiles of periodontal disease in various nosological forms, the mechanisms of the immune response and approaches to the treatment of periodontal disease from the perspective of biofilm infection.Conclusions. As follows from modern literature periodontitis is to a certain extent caused by the transition from a harmonious symbiotic bacterial community to a dysbiotic one. Recent scientific studies have shown that not single microorganism is not able to cause disease but the microbial community as a whole leads to the development of pathology.

miR-224 is an early-stage biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma with miR-224 and miR-125b as prognostic biomarkers

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 1485-1500
Author(s):  
Lichao Yang ◽  
Chunmeng Wei ◽  
Yasi Li ◽  
Xiao He ◽  
Min He
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Low Expression

Aim: The aim was to systematically investigate the miRNA biomarkers for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials & methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of miRNA expression in HCC were performed. Results: A total of 4903 cases from 30 original studies were comprehensively analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of miR-224 in discriminating early-stage HCC patients from benign lesion patients were 0.868 and 0.792, which were superior to α-fetoprotein. Combined miR-224 with α-fetoprotein, the sensitivity and specificity were increased to 0.882 and 0.808. Prognostic survival analysis showed low expression of miR-125b and high expression of miR-224 were associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: miR-224 had a prominent diagnostic efficiency in early-stage HCC, with miR-224 and miR-125b being valuable in the prognostic diagnosis.

A Systematic Review on Barriers to Palliative Care in Oncology

2021 ◽  
pp. 104990912098328
Author(s):  
Jyotsana Parajuli ◽  
Judith E. Hupcey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Meta Analyses

The number of people with cancer and the need for palliative care among this population is increasing in the United States. Despite this growing need, several barriers exist to the utilization of palliative care in oncology. The purpose of this study was to synthesize the evidence on the barriers to palliative care utilization in an oncology population. A systematic review of literature was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, CINAHL, and Psych Info databases were used for the literature search. Articles were included if they: 1) focused on cancer, (2) examined and discussed barriers to palliative care, and c) were peer reviewed, published in English, and had an accessible full text. A total of 29 studies (8 quantitative, 18 qualitative, and 3 mixed-methods) were identified and synthesized for this review. The sample size of the included studies ranged from 10 participants to 313 participants. The barriers to palliative care were categorized into barriers related to the patient and family, b) barriers related to providers, and c) barriers related to the healthcare system or policy. The factors identified in this review provide guidance for intervention development to mitigate the existing barriers and facilitate the use palliative care in individuals with cancer.

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