scholarly journals Effects of Iodixanol on Respiratory Functions during Coronary Angiography and the Role of Body Composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Derya Guzel ◽  
Mustafa Gokhan Vural ◽  
Ramazan Akdemir
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Body Compositions

Purpose. The purposes of this study are to assess the acute effects of iodixanol, an iso-osmolar contrast media, on pulmonary functions and to evaluate the body composition in order to find out its role in causing this deterioration. Methods. 35 male and 25 female patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography (CA) were enrolled in the study. Before CA, all patients’ body compositions were evaluated by measuring their body mass indexes (BMIs) and waist-to-hip ratios (WHRs). Total body waters (TBWs), fat masses (FMs), fat-free masses (FFMs), and basal metabolism rates (BMRs) were measured via bioimpedance analysis. The CA was performed via radial artery route using iodixanol in every patient. The pulmonary function tests of these patients were performed before, during, and 2 hours after the CA. FEV1∆, FEF25–75%∆, and FVC∆ parameters were calculated by subtracting the measured baseline value from the measurement after the CA. Results. Angiography caused significant reduction in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1, from 94.17 ± 18.83 to 84.45 ± 18.31, p<0.0001), forced vital capacity (FVC, from 96.57 ± 15.82 to 88.31 ± 17.96, p<0.0001), and forced expiratory flow at 25–75% (FEF25–75% from 82.54 ± 24.26 to 72.11 ± 25.41, p=0.001) and remained lower after 2 h after CA in male patients, respectively. FEV1 values were 103.40 ± 17.79 to 94.96 ± 17.063 (p=0.004); FVC values were 107.20 ± 19.03 to 99.08 ± 20.56 (p=0.009); and FEF25–75% values were 83.92 ± 24.30 to 73.24 ± 20.45 (p=0.005) before and after CA and remained lower after 2 h after CA in female patients, respectively. FEV1/FVC ratio remained unchanged. FEF25–75%∆ was statistically correlated with FFM, TBW, and WHR (p<0.05; r=−0.344, r=−0.347, and r=0.357, resp.), and FVC∆ was correlated with WHR in male patients (p=0.018, r=397). Conclusions. Our data suggested that diagnostic CA using iodixanol, an iso-osmolar contrast media, leads significant impairment in respiratory functions. Due to the persistence of these reductions even 2 hours after CA, ventilatory functions should be considered especially in patients whose body compositions or hydration levels are not within the desired physiological range.

The Impact of Phenylketonuria on Body Composition in Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
András Gellért Barta ◽  
Dóra Becsei ◽  
Erika Kiss ◽  
Csaba Sumánszki ◽  
Erika Simonová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Therapy Adherence ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Multifrequency Bioimpedance ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) must follow a lifelong phenylalanine (Phe)-restricted diet with additional amino acid supplementations, and this may put them at risk for nutritional disturbances. However, the body composition and nutritional status of adult patients with PKU has only been partially explored. The current study aims to assess the body composition of adult patients with PKU using multifrequency bioimpedance analysis (MF-BIA) and to reveal potential correlations between therapy adherence and body composition. Additionally, we compared body composition of patients with healthy controls. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Fifty adult patients with early-treated PKU (27 female and 23 male) and 40 healthy, age- and gender-matched controls were included in this single-center, cross-sectional study. MF-BIA was performed on all subjects. Additionally, we determined serum nutritional markers for all patients. In the PKU patient group, correlation analyses were performed between body composition parameters and therapy adherence. We compared body composition of patients with PKU and controls using BIA. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The proportion of overweight was 56% among all patients with PKU. Female patients with PKU had significantly higher body fat percentage compared with controls. In parallel with higher fat content, we observed lower muscle mass, protein, and mineral content among female patients with PKU compared to controls. Such findings were not observed in male patients. Female patients with PKU had decreased therapy adherence and had significantly lower prealbumin levels compared with males. There was no significant correlation observed between body composition parameters and therapy adherence over the last 10 years in the PKU patient group. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Although female patients had less optimal therapy adherence over the last 10 years compared with male patients, our results suggest that this does not influence body composition fundamentally. Our results suggest that obesity is an important comorbidity in young adult patients with PKU, especially in females. We advocate that nutritional assessments and weight management should be additional objectives of PKU management to provide optimal care.

Association Between Body Composition with Pulmonary Function Tests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Pouragha ◽  
Hosein Kazemi ◽  
Gholamreza Pouryaghoub ◽  
Ramin Mehrdad
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Why is bodyweight not a predictor of lung function, however, height, sex, race, and age are predictors of lung capacity and function. In this study, we want to investigate the association between body composition and pulmonary function. And as much as possible, answer the question of why bodyweight is not predictive of lung function.Method: This cross-sectional study was performed among 2967 employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) who participated in the TUMS Employees Cohort (TEC) study. The body composition of the participants was measured using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) method. Anthropometric variables were also measured as a confounder. The pulmonary function of participants was assessed by a forced spirometry test.Results: The correlation of BIA values including fat-free mass and total body water with a pulmonary function such as FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 is higher than most anthropometric values such as weight, wrist circumference, and the waist to hip ratio. Also, in regression analysis, age and sex had an association with pulmonary function, but the weight did not show a significant relationship. On the other hand, fat-free mass and visceral fat were significantly associated with pulmonary function. One is direct and the other is inverse.Conclusion: The hypothesis that the results of this study created in the minds of the authors were that; The direct association of fat-free mass with pulmonary function may be ineffective by the inverse association of visceral fat with pulmonary function, leading to a lack of association between weight and pulmonary function.

scholarly journals P0118ANEMIA AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CONTRAST-INDUCED NEPHROPATHY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emna Chaabouni ◽  
Hela Jbali ◽  
Najjar Mariem ◽  
Mzoughi Khadija ◽  
Zouaghi Karim
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background and Aims Contrast-induced nephropathy is a potentially serious complication following coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention . The association between severity of anemia and Contrast-induced nephropathy following coronary angiography is not well-established. In this prospective study, we aimed at assessing the association of anemia of various severity with the risk of Contrast-induced nephropathy in patients who underwent coronary angiography Method We prospectively enrolled 158 patients who underwent coronary angiography with or without percutaneous coronary intervention from December 2017 to February 2018 at a cardiology department . CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine level &gt;25% or 0.5 mg/dL after 48 hours and anemia was defined as a value of Hb level ≤ 13 g/dl in male patients or ≤ 12 g/dl in female patients. Patients were stratified into three subgroups—mild (11.1 to 13.0 g/dL) in male patients and (11.1 to 12.0 g/dL) in female patients, moderate (9.1 to 11.0 g/dL) and severe anemia (7.0 to 9.0 g/dL). we used a multivariable logistic-regression model. Results 158 patients (females = 36.1%, mean age 60.0 ± 11 years) who underwent coronary angiography, 15 (9,5%) developed Contrast-induced nephropathy . Presence of anemia was associated with increased risk of developing Contrast-induced nephropathy (OR = 3.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03 to 8.96, p= 0,043). Risk of Contrast-induced nephropathy was increasingly higher with increasing severity of the anemia; mild (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.38 to 2.17, p=0,036), moderate (OR = 3.3, 95% CI = 0.61 to 10.6, p=0,028) .There was no patient with severe anemia. Conclusion In conclusion, severity of anemia is a strong predictor of CIN following coronary angiography.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Body Compositions of Taekwondo Practitioners Aged 14-16 and Their Aerobic Endurance

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3438-3440
Author(s):  
Duygu Sevinç Yilmaz ◽  
Burakhan Aydemir
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Body Compositions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shuttle Run

Background: Taekwondo (TKD) is a combat sport practiced by millions of children, young people and adults around the world.1 It is an Olympic sports branch with many complex features and constant interaction between two opponents in the competitions, where attack-contact techniques are applied quickly, attacking techniques are strong2,3 but also have good flexibility. Aim: This study has been carried out to identify the relationship between body composition of taekwondo practitioners aged 14-16 who regularly practice taekwondo, and their aerobic endurance. Methods: A total of 33 registered taekwondo practitioners (17 male, 16 female) participated to this study on a voluntary basis. The age, height, weight, and body mass index of all the athletes who took part in the study are 14.96±0.80 years, 162.59±11.59 cm, 50.97±7.51 kg and 19.14±2.39 kg/m² respectively. The group who participated to the study practice taekwondo two days a week, for 2 hours each, for a period of 1.5 years. The aerobic endurance of taekwondo athletes was measured by 20-meter-long Shuttle Run Test. In order to measure the body composition values of the athletes, measurements of skinfold thickness (biceps, triceps, subscapula, subrailiac) were carried out. In calculating the body density, the formula of Durning-Womersley was used; and in calculating the body fat percentage, the formula of Siri was employed. Data was evaluated by SPSS 22.0. The normality distribution of the data obtained at the end of the study was evaluated by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and it was observed that the data was in line with normal distribution. Following the normalcy assessment, the relationship between body compositions and aerobic endurances was determined by Pearson Correlation analysis. Results: It is possible to say that the body composition values of taekwondo practitioners aged 14-16 have positive and negative impact on their aerobic endurance. It is observed that as the values 20-meter Shuttle Run test increases, fat percentage of athletes decreases. Conclusion: It is concluded that the findings obtained from the research results support the literature, and that body composition and aerobic capacity are important as performance criteria in many studies. It is thought that it may be beneficial for the athletes to perform aerobic endurance exercises during the annual training periods to perform the necessary practices to optimize their body composition and improve their aerobic capacity. Keywords: Taekwondo, Body Composition, Aerobic Endurance

scholarly journals Male Gender is A Risk Factor For Sever Form of COVID-19 Illness and Worse Outcome in The Middle East

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Y Hachim ◽  
Mahmood Y Hachim ◽  
Kashif Bin Naeem ◽  
Haifa Hannawi ◽  
Issa Al Salmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
P Value ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract The identification of risk-factors, predicting the disease severity and outcome in novel coronavirus-disease-19 (COVID-19) patients, is essential to improve responsiveness to this pandemic. The association between gender and wide-range of clinical, pathological, and epidemiological factors was studied in 200-patients recruited during March-April 2020. A higher prevalence of COVID-19 infection in male (72%) compared to females (28%). Age and history of previous comorbidities were nearly comparable between genders (P value 0.75 and 0.97, respectively), male-patients had higher incidence of sever-critical form of the disease (44.67%) compared to only 23.22% in female-patients (P < 0.001). A 26.39% and 1.79% of male and female patients needed Intensive-care-unit (ICU) admission(P < 0.001), respectively. Male-patients developed a significant higher rate of lung injury presented as bilateral airspace consolidation in the plain chest X-ray at admission (38.89%) compared to 23.21% in female patient (P = 0.036%). A significant impairment of the renal-function (P = 0.031) and liver-function tests with higher level of lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) (P < 0.001), serum bilirubin (P < 0.001), alanine-transferase; ALT (P = 0.036), and aspartate-aminotransferase, AST (P = 0.022) in male patients compared to female patients. In conclusion, this is the first detailed analysis in the middle east that thoroughly investigate the role of gender in determining the clinical course and severity of COVID-19 infection. Males compared to their age matched females, with same prevalence of comorbidities were more vulnerable to the sever COVID-19 illness with higher probability for ICU admission.

Association between body composition and pulmonary function tests among health care workers in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Pouragha ◽  
Hosein Kazemi ◽  
Gholamreza Pouryaghoub ◽  
Ramin Mehrdad
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Function Tests

Background: Why is bodyweight not a predictor of lung function, while height, sex, race, and age are predictors of lung capacity and function? In this study, we want to investigate the association between body composition and pulmonary function. And, as much as possible, answer the question of why bodyweight is not predictive of lung function. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed among 2967 employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) who participated in the TUMS Employees Cohort (TEC) study. The body composition of the participants was measured using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) method. Anthropometric variables were also measured as a confounder. The pulmonary function of participants was assessed by a forced spirometry test. Results: The correlation of BIA values including fat-free mass and total body water with a pulmonary function such as FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 is higher than most anthropometric values such as weight, wrist circumference, and the waist to hip ratio. Also, in regression analysis, age and sex had an association with pulmonary function, but the weight did not show a significant relationship. On the other hand, fat-free mass and visceral fat were significantly associated with pulmonary function. One is direct and the other is inverse. Conclusion: We observed a negative association between visceral fat and pulmonary function tests and a direct association between Fat-free mass pulmonary function tests (FEV1 and FVC) adjusted for age, sex, and anthropometric indices.

scholarly journals Study of Body Composition and Metabolic Parameters in HIV-1 Male Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurudath Gundurao Sreekantamurthy ◽  
N Biplab Singh ◽  
Th Bhimo Singh ◽  
Th Suraj Singh ◽  
Karam Romeo Singh
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients

Background. HIV patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) containing protease inhibitors (PIs) had been often associated with lipodystrophy. However, there are only few studies on association of nucleoside and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI and NNRTI) with lipodystrophy.Study Design. One hundred and one HIV male patients were categorised into ART naïve (n=22), zidovudine (n=22), stavudine (n=18), tenofovir (n=15), and PIs (n=24) based HAART. Their clinicoepidemiological data had been entered in preformed pro forma. The body composition, using TANITA machine and metabolic parameters like lipid profile, blood sugars was analysed.Results. Clinically, lipoatrophy of face was most prevalent in HIV patients on stavudine (15 patients, 83.3%) and PIs (20 patients, 83.3%) based HAART. The mean BMI among study population was in normal range. Excess visceral fat was most prevalent among patients on PIs, 4 patients (16.7%). The waist-hip ratio was significantly higher in PIs (P=0.01) based HAART. There was no significant difference among different study populations in terms of BMI (P=0.917), body water (P=0.318), body fat (P=0.172), bone mass (P=0.200), and muscle mass (P=0.070). Hypertriglyceridiemia was found in stavudine, tenofovir, and protease inhibitors regimens. Low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) was found zidovudine, stavudine, and PIs regimens. Fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia was found PIs and impaired glucose tolerance in stavudine regimen.Conclusion. Patients on PIs were associated with truncal obesity and lipoatrophy of face, along with dyslipidemia and hyperglycaemia. Stavudine based regimen is associated with hypertriglyceridiemia and low HDL along with lipoatrophy of face.

The development of obesity in preweanling obob mice

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Thurlby ◽  
P. Trayhurn
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lean Control ◽  
Obob Mice ◽  
Early Origin ◽  
D 20 ◽  
Body Compositions ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Cold Stress Test

1. The body compositions of obob and lean (ob+ and + +) mice at 10, 12, 17 and 28 d of age were investigated using a ‘cold stress’ test to identify the two groups.2. At each of these ages the obob mice were found to contain significantly more fat than the lean. At 10 d 20 % more fat was present and by 17 d the increase was 72 %. The obob mice at 28 d contained nearly three times as much fat as the lean.3. Carcass energy was significantly higher in obob mice at all ages investigated.4. Other changes in body composition found in the 28 d obob mice, i.e. a reduction in total carcass nitrogen and water content, were already established in the 17-d-old mice but differences at 10 and 12 d were not apparent.5. The livers of obob mice were significantly heavier than those from lean control mice at 28 d but no differences were detected at the earlier ages.6. The results are discussed with reference to the early origin of obesity in obob mice.

scholarly journals BMI-BFMNU: A structural index linked to fat mass

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
José Miguel Soriano del Castillo ◽  
Paola Sechi ◽  
Pietro Marco Boselli
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Real Surface ◽  
The Real ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Body Compositions

Introduction: Body mass index (BMI) provides little information on body composition. For example, two people with the same BMI might have different body compositions. In this sense, the development of a new BMI able to provide body composition information is of clinical and scientific interest. The aim of the study was to suggest a new modified BMI formula.Material and methods: A total of 108 subject, females 56 and males 52, 0-73 years old, in various physiopathological conditions were evaluated. Data were collected and processed by a program that through anthropometric measurements calculates classic BMI, volume, surface, V/S (that we can defined like a body-thickness “pseudospessore”) and the new BMI-BFMNU.Results: The basic formula (BMI =Body Mass [kg]/Height [m2]) uses the height squared as the value of the body surface, although this is only an approximation of the real surface, whereas using the real surface instead, the new BMI reflects better the ratio between the body volume and its surface. The ratio called "pseudospessore" is already used in literature from the BFMNU (Italian acronym refereed to Biologia e Fisiologia Modellistica della Nutrizione Umana) method and has been shown to be related to the amount of fat.Conclusions: Using the BMI-BFMNU, it is possible to obtain an indication of the body structure related to the amount of fat. The consequence is that the obtained numerical values do not coincide with the traditional BMI’s values and will refer to different normal ranges. For instance, a person may be in the range of normal weight for both BMI measurements, but only the BMI-BFMNU detects whether a person has a higher or lower fat content considering the individual’s category. This study opens up to new possible future developments on the application of the new BMI that will allow a more accurate assessment and classification of patients.

scholarly journals A study of pulmonary function abnormalities in obese individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 811
Author(s):  
Bhumika T. Vaishnav ◽  
Tushar V. Tonde
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
The Body ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Skin Fold Thickness ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Triceps Skin Fold

Background: Previous studies suggest that obese individuals are prone to pulmonary function abnormalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate pulmonary function tests in obese individuals and to relate pulmonary abnormalities if any found to lipid abnormalities and to the extent and duration of obesity.Methods: This prospective study was done on 40 obese patients attending to Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital, Mumbai with complaints of pulmonary functions during the period from January to December 2012. Pulmonary function test was done with the help of Jaegers pneumoscreen. The percentage of body fat was determined by using triceps skin fold thickness technique by using Vernier callipers. Fasting serum samples was collected to analyses cholesterol and triglycerides.Results: Female preponderance was seen in the study (57.5%). Forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, maximum mid expiratory flow rate was significantly reduced and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity was significantly increased in individuals who had abnormal pulmonary function. Decrease in pulmonary function was noted with increased levels of cholesterol and triglyceride but the correlation was not significant.Conclusions: Obese individuals although asymptomatic have significant lung function abnormality in the form of restrictive as well as obstructive pattern. Hence, reduction in the body weight may help in reversal of the pulmonary function indices.

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