scholarly journals Investigation of the Thermal Improvement and the Kinetic Analysis of the Enriched Coal

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Selma Duzyol ◽  
Cem Sensogut
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Thermal Behaviour ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Dense Medium ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Thermal Improvement ◽  
Calculated Activation Energy

The present research work is comprised of three main parts. The first part is about the enrichment of lignite coal by the utilization of dense medium separation called float and sink method. The second part deals with the investigation of the thermal behaviour for the coals enriched while the last part is concerned with the kinetic analysis of the coal combustion. The float and sink method is the mostly used technique for low-rank coal beneficiation in coal preparation plants of Turkey. In order to realize this process, the coal samples were, at first, fractioned to five different sizes which were -32+25 mm, -25+16 mm, -16+8 mm, -8+4.75 mm, and -4.75+2 mm. Each fraction was, then, processed in the dense mediums with the specific gravities of 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, and 1.60 g/cm3, respectively. The thermal behaviour of the floated materials from the float and sink process was investigated in detail with the thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and the differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTG). The ignition and peak temperatures for the samples were also ascertained and correlated with the float and sink test results. In the final part of the study, the kinetic analysis of the coal samples was carried out by the Coats–Redfern method and the activation energies of the enriched coals were determined. The activation energies of the raw and the enriched coals were assessed and compared. The calculated activation energy values for the combustion reactions of the coal samples ranged were found to be between 15.17 kJ/mol and 97.45 kJ/mol. The strong correlation was obtained between the float and sink test results especially with the ash content of the coal samples and the combustible characteristic of the floated materials such as ignition temperatures, peak temperatures, and activation energies. The combustion characteristics of the coal samples were resultantly ascertained to be very dependent on the coal structure.

scholarly journals Torrefaction of Straw from Oats and Maize for Use as a Fuel and Additive to Organic Fertilizers—TGA Analysis, Kinetics as Products for Agricultural Purposes

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Szufa ◽  
Grzegorz Wielgosiński ◽  
Piotr Piersa ◽  
Justyna Czerwińska ◽  
Maria Dzikuć ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Electrical Furnace

This publication presents research work which contains the optimum parameters of the agri-biomass: maize and oat straws torrefaction process. Parameters which are the most important for the torrefaction process and its products are temperature and residence time. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed as well as the torrefaction process using an electrical furnace on a laboratory scale at a temperature between 250–525 °C. These biomass torrefaction process parameters—residence time and temperature—were necessary to perform the design and construction of semi-pilot scale biomass torrefaction installations with a regimental dryer and a woody and agri-biomass regimental torrefaction reactor to perform a continuous torrefaction process using superheated steam. In the design installation the authors also focused on biochar, a bi-product of biofuel which will be used as an additive for natural bio-fertilizers. Kinetic analysis of torrefaction process using maize and oat straws was performed using NETZSCH Neo Kinetics software. It was found that kinetic analysis methods conducted with multiple heating rate experiments were much more efficient than the use of a single heating rate. The best representations of the experimental data for the straw from maize straw were found for the n-order reaction model. A thermogravimetric analysis, TG-MS analysis and VOC analysis combined with electrical furnace installation were performed on the maize and oat straw torrefaction process. The new approach in the work presented is different from that of current scientific achievements due to the fact that until now researchers have worked on performing processes on oat and maize straws by means of the torrefaction process for the production of a biochar as an additive for natural bio-fertilizers. None of them looked for economically reasonable mass loss ratios. In this work the authors made the assumption that a mass loss in the area of 45–50% is the most reasonable loss for the two mentioned agri-biomass processes. On this basis, a semi-pilot installation could be produced in a further BIOCARBON project step. The kinetic parameters which were calculated will be used to estimate the size of the apparatuses, the biomass dryer, and biomass torrefaction reactor.

Modelling of Flow Properties of Asphalt Mastics

2013 ◽  
Vol 752 ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Róbert Géber ◽  
László A. Gömze
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Rheological Models ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Asphalt Mastics ◽  
Rheological Modelling ◽  
Mineral Fillers

The present research work deals with the examination and rheological modelling of flow properties of asphalt mastics which are the most important components of asphalt concretes. Asphalt mastics are mixtures of fine grained mineral filler particles (d<0,063 mm) and bitumen, having a stabilizing role in asphalt mixtures and largely determining the cohesion between mineral particles and bitumen. During our examinations two types of mineral fillers – limestone and dolomite – as well as standard bitumen were tested, which are extensively used in Hungarian road construction. Asphalt mastic mixtures were prepared out of these materials and they were tested with dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). According to the test results, rheological models of mastics were determined. It has been established that at different test temperatures and shear rate ranges asphalt mastics behave as Herschel-Bulkley and Bingham-type materials.

Thermographic and thermogravimetric analysis of the thermal behaviour of polyacrylonitrile fibres

1974 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. O. Goracheva ◽  
T. K. Mikhailova ◽  
S. G. Fedorkina ◽  
N. F. Konnova ◽  
M. T. Azarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Behaviour

Study of Thermal Behaviour of EPDM/SBR Blends and Carbon Nanocoatings Deposited by Sputtering

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Muhammad Alamgir ◽  
Faizan Ali Ghauri ◽  
Waheed Qamar Khan ◽  
Sajawal Rasheed ◽  
Muhammad Sarfraz Nawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Thermal Behaviour ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this study, the effect of SBR concentration (10 Phr, 20 Phr & 30 Phr ) on the thermal behavior of EPDM/SBR blends was studied. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to check weight loss of samples as function of temperature by heating upto 600°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed to determine quality and % crystallinity of the elastomer blends. It was seen that % crystallinity improved with an increase in the content of SBR in EPDM/SBR blends. TGA revealed that the thermal stability of EPDM/SBR blends has improved by 17% than neat EPDM. Carbon nano-coatings produced by sputtering have no beneficial influence on thermal behaviour of elastomers.

EFFECT OF WET-DRY CYCLING ON BOND BEHAVIOR OF GFRP STRENGTHENED HISTORIC MASONRY STRUCTURES

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Jing ◽  
Werasak Raongjant
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bond Behavior ◽  
Historic Masonry ◽  
Water Permeation ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Cycling Condition

The objective of this research work is to determine the effect of wet-dry cycling on bond behavior of historic masonry structures strengthened by Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP). Shear bond testing was carried out through total 36 specimens exposed to dry, full moisture or wet-dry cycling conditions.  The selected samples were then tested at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days. Post-ageing test was also preceded on total sixty masonry prisms exposed to dry, full moisture or wet-dry cycling conditions. The compressive strengths of selected samples were then tested at 0, 40, 70 and 100 days. The test results showed an obvious decrease of the bond strength between GFRP sheets and bricks in the wet-dry cycling condition. For masonry prisms with or without GFRP strengthening, in the first 40 days, the compressive strength of GFRP bonded prism decreased quickly to the value near that of prism without GFRP. After 40 days the rate of decrease became slow, which means that, sheets retrofitted outside the masonry prisms helped to improve their durability by reducing water permeation. 

scholarly journals Design and Build a Multilevel Mace Nutmeg Dryer to Improve the People's Economy

SinkrOn ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Ihsan Ihsan ◽  
Dirja Nur Ilham ◽  
Reza Ade Putra ◽  
Rudi Arif Candra ◽  
Arie Budiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Software Design ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Agricultural Community ◽  
Design Software

Nutmeg is a source of income for some people in South Aceh, and some types of nutmeg, like mace nutmeg, are of better quality. Mace nutmeg is also an agricultural community with great economic value and benefits for humans, as it can be processed into spices and herbs. A range of products includes nutmeg oil and medicines. The harvesting and drying of mace nutmeg, which is still considered a problem by nutmeg growers, cannot be isolated from the processing of the basic ingredients. The natural process of drying mace nutmeg involves the use of sunshine, which necessitates a considerable drying time. Therefore nutmeg farmers frequently complain of erratic weather, especially during the wet season. The constant rain can cause the mace to rot, causing the nutmeg farming community's revenue to become unstable. Methods and steps of research work starting from the study of literature, determination of design specifications, hardware design, software design, toolmaking, tool testing.Good results were reached with the dryness of the mace nutmeg, which can be adjusted, and without putting into account the weather in the drying process, which is usually done with the heat of the sun, per the results of the testing of the designed tools.The average dryness of mace nutmeg is at a temperature of 45 percent with a time of 4 hours and a capacity of 100 grams; according to the test results of the automatic mace drying machine, it produces 50 grams of dry mace.  

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