scholarly journals Lightweight Cryptographic Techniques for Automotive Cybersecurity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmer Khan Jadoon ◽  
Licheng Wang ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Muhammad Azam Zia
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Vanet Security ◽  
Set Up

A new integration of wireless communication technologies into the automobile industry has instigated a momentous research interest in the field of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) security. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are set up, aiming to offer promising applications for efficient and safe communication for future automotive technology. Vehicular networks are unique in terms of characteristics, challenges, architecture, and applications. Consequently, security requirements related to vehicular networks are more complex as compared to mobile networks and conventional wireless networks. This article presents a survey about developments in vehicular networks from the perspective of lightweight cryptographic protocols and privacy preserving algorithms. Unique characteristics of vehicular networks are presented which make the embedded security applications computationally hard as well as memory constrained. The current study also deals with the fundamental security requirements, essential for vehicular communication. Furthermore, awareness of security threats and their cryptographic solutions in terms of future automotive industry are discussed. In addition, asymmetric, symmetric, and lightweight cryptographic solutions are summarized. These strategies can be enhanced or incorporated all in all to meet the security perquisites of future cars security.

scholarly journals Improving VANETs Connectivity with a Totally Ad Hoc Living Mobile Backbone

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joilson Alves Junior ◽  
Emilio C. G. Wille
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Network Backbone ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Fully Connected ◽  
Analytic Models

The vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) for intelligent transportation systems is an emerging concept to improve transportation security, reliability, and management. The network behavior can be totally different in topological aspects because of the mobility of vehicular nodes. The topology can be fully connected when the flow of vehicles is high and may have low connectivity or be invalid when the flow of vehicles is low or unbalanced. In big cities, the metropolitan buses that travel on exclusive lanes may be used to set up a metropolitan vehicular data network (backbone), raising the connectivity among the vehicles. Therefore, this paper proposes the implementation of a living mobile backbone, totally ad hoc (MOB-NET), which will provide infrastructure and raise the network connectivity. In order to show the viability of MOB-NET, statistical analyses were made with real data of express buses that travel through exclusive lanes, besides evaluations through simulations and analytic models. The statistic, analytic, and simulation results prove that the buses that travel through exclusive lanes can be used to build a communication network totally ad hoc and provide connectivity in more than 99% of the time, besides raising the delivery rate up to 95%.

scholarly journals Software-Defined Network-Based Vehicular Networks: A Position Paper on Their Modeling and Implementation

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Nkenyereye ◽  
Lewis Nkenyereye ◽  
S. M. Riazul Islam ◽  
Yoon-Ho Choi ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Software Defined Networks ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Hoc Networks

There is a strong devotion in the automotive industry to be part of a wider progression towards the Fifth Generation (5G) era. In-vehicle integration costs between cellular and vehicle-to-vehicle networks using Dedicated Short Range Communication could be avoided by adopting Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) technology with the possibility to re-use the existing mobile network infrastructure. More and more, with the emergence of Software Defined Networks, the flexibility and the programmability of the network have not only impacted the design of new vehicular network architectures but also the implementation of V2X services in future intelligent transportation systems. In this paper, we define the concepts that help evaluate software-defined-based vehicular network systems in the literature based on their modeling and implementation schemes. We first overview the current studies available in the literature on C-V2X technology in support of V2X applications. We then present the different architectures and their underlying system models for LTE-V2X communications. We later describe the key ideas of software-defined networks and their concepts for V2X services. Lastly, we provide a comparative analysis of existing SDN-based vehicular network system grouped according to their modeling and simulation concepts. We provide a discussion and highlight vehicular ad-hoc networks’ challenges handled by SDN-based vehicular networks.

Development of Applications for Vehicular Communication Network Environments

2012 ◽  
pp. 183-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Guerrero-Ibáñez ◽  
C Flores-Cortés ◽  
P Damián-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
Hoc Networks

Nowadays, modern society faces serious problems with transportation systems. There are more traffic jams, accidents, and fatalities, and CO2 emissions are increasing fast. Thus, improving the safety and efficiency of transportation systems is imperative. Developing a sustainable transportation system requires a better usage of the existing infrastructure, the adoption of emerging technologies (e.g. embedded devices, sensors, and short range radio transmitters), and the development of applications capable of operating in wireless and spontaneous networks. This chapter gives readers a global vision of the issues related to the development of applications for vehicular ad-hoc networks(VANET). It also presents a classification and an overview of the top-level application domain. In addition, it investigates the importance of information in vehicular networks and analyses the requirements for different types of vehicular applications. Finally, the communication schemes that underpin the operation of VANET applications, as well as the security threats they are exposed to, are studied.

A novel message authentication method for VANET without RSU

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 2288-2301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Dahgwo Yein ◽  
Chih-Hsueh Lin ◽  
Yu-Hsiu Huang ◽  
Wen-Shyong Hsieh ◽  
Chung-Nan Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Message Authentication ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secret Keys ◽  
Trust Authority

Purpose Riding on the wave of intelligent transportation systems, the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is becoming a popular research topic. VANET is designed to build an environment where the vehicles can exchange information about the traffic conditions or vehicle situation to help the vehicles avoid traffic accidents or traffic jams. In order to keep the privacy of vehicles, the vehicles must be anonymous and the routing must be untraceable while still being able to be verified as legal entities. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The exchanged messages must be authenticated to be genuine and verified that they were sent by a legal vehicle. The vehicles also can mutually trust and communicate confidentially. In VANETs, road-side units (RSUs) are installed to help the vehicles to obtain message authentication or communicate confidentially. However, the coverage of RSUs is limited due to the high cost of wide area installation. Therefore the vehicles must be able to obtain message authentication by themselves – without an RSU. Findings The authors take the concept of random key pre-distribution used in wireless sensor networks, modify it into a random secret pre-distribution, and integrate it with identity-based cryptography to make anonymous message authentication and private communication easier and safer. The authors construct a two-tier structure. The tier 1, trust authority, assigns n anonymous identities and embeds n secrets into these identities to be the private secret keys for the tier 2, registered vehicles. At any time, the vehicles can randomly choose one of n anonymous identities to obtain message authentication or communicate confidentially with other vehicles. Originality/value The processes of building neighbor set, setting pairing value, and message authenticating are proposed in this paper. The proposed method can protect against the attacks of compromising, masquerading, forging, and replying, and can also achieve the security requirements of VANET in message authentication, confidential communication, anonymity, and un-traceability. The performance of the proposed method is superior to the related works.

scholarly journals Instantly Decodable RaptorQ Intersessions in Vehicular Adhoc Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-148
Author(s):  
Nandhini Vineeth ◽  
H. S. Guruprasad
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Adhoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Adhoc Networks

AbstractVehicular networks that deal with sharing of information among vehicles are gaining popularity among the automobile industry as well as the researchers. These networks are prevalent under the umbrella of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and deal with data that belongs to either the emergency category or the entertaining category. In case of emergency services, it is clear that - earlier the reception of information, lesser the commotion. The objective of this work thus has been the reduction of the end to end delay when video files are exchanged among vehicles during intersessions. The set objective is accomplished through the design and development of the technique “Instantly Decodable RaptorQ Inter-Sessions” (IDRQIS) for Vehicular Adhoc Networks and the results obtained show that this outperforms the existing popular techniques – the Network Coding and RaptorQ when applied independently to the same environment. This technique can also be applied to the upcoming unmanned vehicles.

scholarly journals Comparison of Different Clustering Algorithms to Secured VANETs Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar Shrivastava ◽  
Dr. L. K. Vishwamitra
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Smart Vehicles

ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems) are growing increasingly popular because of the necessity for superior cyber-physical systems and comfort applications and services required for usage in autonomous vehicles. There are two types of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) that are vital to ITS: V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) and V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle). VANETs are a new technology with several potential uses in the ITS. It comprises smart vehicles and roadside equipment that connect over open-access wireless networks. An attacker may disrupt vehicular communication which can lead to potentially life-threatening scenarios because of the significant expansion in the number of vehicles in use today. VANETs must use robust security and authentication procedures to provide safe vehicular communication. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis ofthe VANET system including its characteristics and challenges. There is a concept of data dissemination that has been provided in brief. Clustering is the most important topic in VANET that is used to cluster the vehicles to secure and safely message transmission over the network. There is a taxonomy of clustering techniques has provided in a detailed manner. Besides, it has also shown the comparison of different clustering parameters-based mechanisms and MAC protocols in VANET.

scholarly journals Authentication-Based Secure Data Dissemination Protocol and Framework for 5G-Enabled VANET

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Nishu Gupta ◽  
Ravikanti Manaswini ◽  
Bongaram Saikrishna ◽  
Francisco Silva ◽  
Ariel Teles
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Security Attacks ◽  
Architecture Model

The amalgamation of Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) with the Internet of Things (IoT) leads to the concept of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). IoV forms a solid backbone for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), which paves the way for technologies that better explain about traffic efficiency and their management applications. IoV architecture is seen as a big player in different areas such as the automobile industry, research organizations, smart cities and intelligent transportation for various commercial and scientific applications. However, as VANET is vulnerable to various types of security attacks, the IoV structure should ensure security and efficient performance for vehicular communications. To address these issues, in this article, an authentication-based protocol (A-MAC) for smart vehicular communication is proposed along with a novel framework towards an IoV architecture model. The scheme requires hash operations and uses cryptographic concepts to transfer messages between vehicles to maintain the required security. Performance evaluation helps analyzing its strength in withstanding various types of security attacks. Simulation results demonstrate that A-MAC outshines other protocols in terms of communication cost, execution time, storage cost, and overhead.

scholarly journals Impact of road architecture and design on performance of city-based VANETs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 423-436
Author(s):  
Sourav Kumar Bhoi ◽  
Sanjaya Kumar Panda ◽  
Chittaranjan Mallick ◽  
Kalyan Kumar Jena
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Architecture And Design ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Vehicular communication is the communication between the vehicles to provide intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) services to the end users. It is the most advance and emerging wireless technology in ad hoc network. On the other hand, construction of roads has a great impact in forwarding the data to the destination. As vehicles are moving with high speeds, the architecture of roads can change the performance of routing and data forwarding in the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). If the construction of the roads in a city area is planned with intelligent junctions, flyovers, multilane, etc., then the performance of the system increases. In this paper, we have analyzed the impact of road elements like intersections, flyovers, multilane, buildings, hills, etc., on VANET routing and find solutions for the problems related to the performance of the system. We also simulate the impact of these elements in VANET routing and analyzed the performance using OMNeT++ network simulator and SUMO traffic simulator. The performance is studied by comparing standard GSR and GPSR position-based routing protocols.

Vehicular Communication Network Environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-45
Author(s):  
J.A. Guerrero-Ibáñez ◽  
J. Contreras-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
Hoc Networks

Modern society is facing serious problems with the transportation systems given the increase in traffic jams, accidents, fatalities and CO2 emissions. Thus, improving the safety and efficiency of transportation systems is imperative. Developing a sustainable transportation system requires a better usage of the existing infrastructure, the adoption of emerging technologies (e.g. embedded devices, sensors and short-range radio transmitters) and the development of applications capable of operating in wireless and spontaneous networks. In this paper, the authors give readers a global vision of the challenges and issues related to the development of applications for vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET). It also presents a classification of applications and an overview of the top-level application domain. In addition, it investigates the importance of information in vehicular networks and analyses the requirements for different types of vehicular applications placing them in a table which summarized the findings. Finally, the communication schemes that underpin the operation of VANET applications as well as the security threats they are exposed to are studied.

Software-Defined Vehicular Networks (SDVN) for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 305-327
Author(s):  
Rinki Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Open Research

Vehicular communication is going to play a significant role in the future intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Due to the highly dynamic nature of vehicular networks (VNs) and need for efficient real-time communication, the traditional networking paradigm is not suitable for VNs. Incorporating the SDN technology in VNs provides benefits in network programmability, heterogeneity, connectivity, resource utility, safety and security, routing, and traffic management. However, there are still several challenges and open research issues due to network dynamicity, scalability, heterogeneity, interference, latency, and security that need to be addressed. This chapter presents the importance of vehicular communication in future ITS, the significance of incorporating the SDN paradigm in VNs, taxonomy for the role of SDVN, the software-defined vehicular network (SDVN) architecture, and open research issues in SDVN.

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