scholarly journals Beryllium Stress-Induced Modifications in Antioxidant Machinery and Plant Ultrastructure in the Seedlings of Black and Yellow Seeded Oilseed Rape

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Skhawat Ali ◽  
Rong Jin ◽  
Rafaqat A. Gill ◽  
Theodore M. Mwamba ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

Beryllium (Be) could be a threatening heavy metal pollutant in the agroecosystem that may severely affect the performance of crops. The present study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of Be (0, 100, 200, and 400 μM) on physiological, ultrastructure, and biochemical attributes in hydroponically grown six-day-old seedlings of two cultivars ofBrassica napusL., one tolerant (ZS 758, black seeded) and one sensitive (Zheda 622, yellow seeded). Higher Be concentrations reduced the plant growth, biomass production, chlorophyll contents, and the total soluble protein contents. A significant accumulation of ROS (H2O2, OH−) and MDA contents was observed in a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant enzymatic activities including SOD, POD, GR, APX, and GSH (except CAT) were enhanced with the increase in Be concentrations in both cultivars. Relative transcript gene expression of above-mentioned antioxidant enzymes further confirmed the alterations induced by Be as depicted from higher involvement in the least susceptible cultivar ZS 758 as compared to Zheda 622. The electron microscopic study showed that higher level of Be (400 μM) greatly damaged the leaf mesophyll and root tip cells. More damage was observed in cultivar Zheda 622 as compared to ZS 758. The damage in leaf mesophyll cells was highlighted as the disruption in cell wall, immature nucleus, damaged mitochondria, and chloroplast structures. In root tip cells, disruption in Golgi bodies and damage in cell wall were clearly noticed. As a whole, the present study confirmed that more inhibitory effects were recorded in yellow seeded Zheda 622 as compared to black seeded ZS 758 cultivar, which is regarded as more sensitive cultivar.

scholarly journals Preliminary research on lead absorption and translocation in root tip cells of Populus nigra "Italica" Moench.

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Idzikowska
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Populus Nigra ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Lead Absorption ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

Observations were carried out to define the place of lead absorption within three regions of the poplar adventitious root tip (<em>Populus nigra</em> "Italica" Moench.) after 24-hour exposure to a solution of Pb(N0<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> (25 mg dm<sup>-3</sup> Pb). Deposits of lead were not observed in certain cells of the apical part of the meristem. In other cells, lead deposits were first observed in the lumen of several endomembrane compartments - the endoplasmic reticulum, dictyosomal stacks and nuclear envelope. Certain differences were noted in the amount of deposits in protoplasts with varied electron density. In the cells with greater deposits, lead was also observed in the cytoplasm, the mitochondria and the paramural bodies. Practically no lead precipitated in the cell wall. The presence of lead in the form of small deposit granules in the plasmodesmata may suggest transfer from cell to cell.

scholarly journals Genetic Damage Induced by a Food Coloring Dye (Sunset Yellow) on Meristematic Cells ofBrassica campestrisL.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kshama Dwivedi ◽  
Girjesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dye ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sunset Yellow ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Control Sets ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Root Tip Cells ◽  
Partial Genome

We have performed the present piece of work to evaluate the effect of synthetic food coloring azo dye (sunset yellow) on actively dividing root tip cells ofBrassica campestrisL. Three doses of azo dye were administered for the treatment of actively dividing root tip cells, namely, 1%, 3%, and 5%, for 6-hour duration along with control. Mitotic analysis clearly revealed the azo dye induced endpoint deviation like reduction in the frequency of normal divisions in a dose dependent manner. Mitotic divisions in the control sets were found to be perfectly normal while dose based reduction in MI was registered in the treated sets. Azo dye has induced several chromosomal aberrations (genotoxic effect) at various stages of cell cycle such as stickiness of chromosomes, micronuclei formation, precocious migration of chromosome, unorientation, forward movement of chromosome, laggards, and chromatin bridge. Among all, stickiness of chromosomes was present in the highest frequency followed by partial genome elimination as micronuclei. The present study suggests that extensive use of synthetic dye should be forbidden due to genotoxic and cytotoxic impacts on living cells. Thus, there is an urgent need to assess potential hazardous effects of these dyes on other test systems like human and nonhuman biota for better scrutiny.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document