scholarly journals Gut Microbiota as a Prospective Therapeutic Target for Curcumin: A Review of Mutual Influence

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissam Zam
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Turmeric Extract ◽  
Systemic Bioavailability

Background. Turmeric is a spice that has recently received much interest and has been widely used in Ayurvedic medicine. Turmeric products are diarylheptanoids and have been characterized as safe. They are termed as curcuminoids that consists essentially of three major compounds: curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcumin is a lipophilic polyphenol that has poor systemic bioavailability and suffers from biotransformation by human intestinal microflora to yield different metabolites that are easily conjugated to glucuronides and sulfate O-conjugated derivatives. Recently, an increasing number of studies have indicated that dysbiosis is linked with many metabolic diseases, though gut microbiota could be a novel potential therapeutic target. Scope and Approach. Thus, it is suspected that curcumin and its derivatives exert direct regulative effects on the gut microbiota which could explain the paradox between curcumin’s poor systemic bioavailability and its widely reported pharmacological activities. Key Findings and Conclusions. This article summarizes a range of studies that highlight the interaction between curcumin and gut microbiota and considers opportunities for microbiome-targeting therapies using turmeric extract.

Gut microbiota: A potential therapeutic target for management of diabetic retinopathy?

Life Sciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 120060
Author(s):  
Rosa Elvira Alarcón Yempén ◽  
Raphaelly Venzel ◽  
Maria Clara Paulino Campos ◽  
Larissa Pessoa de Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo Vasquez Dan Lins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target

scholarly journals Interaction between Gut Microbiota and Curcumin: A New Key of Understanding for the Health Effects of Curcumin

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Scazzocchio ◽  
Luisa Minghetti ◽  
Massimo D’Archivio
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Systemic Bioavailability ◽  
Microbiome Profile ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
High Concentrations

Curcumin, a lipophilic polyphenol contained in the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric), has been used for centuries in traditional Asian medicine, and nowadays it is widely used in food as dietary spice worldwide. It has received considerable attention for its pharmacological activities, which appear to act primarily through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. For this reason, it has been proposed as a tool for the management of many diseases, among which are gastrointestinal and neurological diseases, diabetes, and several types of cancer. However, the pharmacology of curcumin remains to be elucidated; indeed, a discrepancy exists between the well-documented in vitro and in vivo activities of curcumin and its poor bioavailability and chemical instability that should limit any therapeutic effect. Recently, it has been hypothesized that curcumin could exert direct regulative effects primarily in the gastrointestinal tract, where high concentrations of this polyphenol have been detected after oral administration. Consequently, it might be hypothesized that curcumin directly exerts its regulatory effects on the gut microbiota, thus explaining the paradox between its low systemic bioavailability and its wide pharmacological activities. It is well known that the microbiota has several important roles in human physiology, and its composition can be influenced by a multitude of environmental and lifestyle factors. Accordingly, any perturbations in gut microbiome profile or dysbiosis can have a key role in human disease progression. Interestingly, curcumin and its metabolites have been shown to influence the microbiota. It is worth noting that from the interaction between curcumin and microbiota two different phenomena arise: the regulation of intestinal microflora by curcumin and the biotransformation of curcumin by gut microbiota, both of them potentially crucial for curcumin activity. This review summarizes the most recent studies on this topic, highlighting the strong connection between curcumin and gut microbiota, with the final aim of adding new insight into the potential mechanisms by which curcumin exerts its effects.

Gut microbiota and probiotics intervention: A potential therapeutic target for management of cardiometabolic disorders and chronic kidney disease?

2018 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 152-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinaldo Pacífico Cavalcanti Neto ◽  
Jailane de Souza Aquino ◽  
Larissa de Fátima Romão da Silva ◽  
Ruanniere de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Keyth Sulamitta de Lima Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders

851 SQUALENE EPOXIDASE (SQLE) PROMOTES CRC VIA MODULATION OF GUT MICROBIOTA AND IS A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGET

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-173
Author(s):  
Chuangen Li ◽  
Dabin Liu ◽  
Chi Chun Wong ◽  
Olabisi O. Coker ◽  
Yunfei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Squalene Epoxidase ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target

Folate and vitamin B-12 deficiencies additively impaired memory function and disturbed the gut microbiota in amyloid-β infused rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunmin Park ◽  
Sunna Kang ◽  
Da Sol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Ca1 Region ◽  
Folate And Vitamin B12

Abstract. Folate and vitamin B12(V-B12) deficiencies are associated with metabolic diseases that may impair memory function. We hypothesized that folate and V-B12 may differently alter mild cognitive impairment, glucose metabolism, and inflammation by modulating the gut microbiome in rats with Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like dementia. The hypothesis was examined in hippocampal amyloid-β infused rats, and its mechanism was explored. Rats that received an amyloid-β(25–35) infusion into the CA1 region of the hippocampus were fed either control(2.5 mg folate plus 25 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-CON, n = 10), no folate(0 folate plus 25 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-FA, n = 10), no V-B12(2.5 mg folate plus 0 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-V-B12, n = 10), or no folate plus no V-B12(0 mg folate plus 0 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-FAB12, n = 10) in high-fat diets for 8 weeks. AD-FA and AD-VB12 exacerbated bone mineral loss in the lumbar spine and femur whereas AD-FA lowered lean body mass in the hip compared to AD-CON(P < 0.05). Only AD-FAB12 exacerbated memory impairment by 1.3 and 1.4 folds, respectively, as measured by passive avoidance and water maze tests, compared to AD-CON(P < 0.01). Hippocampal insulin signaling and neuroinflammation were attenuated in AD-CON compared to Non-AD-CON. AD-FAB12 impaired the signaling (pAkt→pGSK-3β) and serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels the most among all groups. AD-CON decreased glucose tolerance by increasing insulin resistance compared to Non-AD-CON. AD-VB12 and AD-FAB12 increased insulin resistance by 1.2 and 1.3 folds, respectively, compared to the AD-CON. AD-CON and Non-AD-CON had a separate communities of gut microbiota. The relative counts of Bacteroidia were lower and those of Clostridia were higher in AD-CON than Non-AD-CON. AD-FA, but not V-B12, separated the gut microbiome community compared to AD-CON and AD-VB12(P = 0.009). In conclusion, folate and B-12 deficiencies impaired memory function by impairing hippocampal insulin signaling and gut microbiota in AD rats.

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