scholarly journals A Robust Watermarking Scheme Based on the Mean Modulation of DWT Coefficients

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zied Kricha ◽  
Anis Kricha ◽  
Anis Sakly
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Wavelet Transformation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Chaotic Sequence ◽  
Computational Algorithms ◽  
Robust Watermarking ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Extraction Stage ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

In an endeavor to deal with image copyright infringement, robust watermarking approaches are commonly used. However, most of the existing approaches either present a limited robustness or rely on highly computational algorithms, thereby limiting the efficiency of these solutions. In this paper, a novel blind and robust watermarking method is presented. First, the vertical and horizontal subbands coefficients, resulting from the wavelet transformation, are scrambled using a chaotic sequence and then gathered into individual blocks. Next, the mean value of each block is modulated according to watermark bit. At the extraction stage, based on the sign of the blocks’ mean, a blind watermark extractor is suggested. The imperceptibility, security, complexity, and robustness of the proposed approach have been evaluated and compared with state of the art solutions. Experimental results prove that the proposed approach successfully satisfies the watermarking requirement and outperforms existing methods against both geometric and signal processing attacks.

scholarly journals An Enhanced Informed Watermarking Scheme Using the Posterior Hidden Markov Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuntao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Markov Model ◽  
Hidden Markov Model ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Robust Watermarking ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

Designing a practical watermarking scheme with high robustness, feasible imperceptibility, and large capacity remains one of the most important research topics in robust watermarking. This paper presents a posterior hidden Markov model (HMM-) based informed image watermarking scheme, which well enhances the practicability of the prior-HMM-based informed watermarking with favorable robustness, imperceptibility, and capacity. To make the encoder and decoder use the (nearly) identical posterior HMM, each cover image at the encoder and each received image at the decoder are attacked with JPEG compression at an equivalently small quality factor (QF). The attacked images are then employed to estimate HMM parameter sets for both the encoder and decoder, respectively. Numerical simulations show that a small QF of 5 is an optimum setting for practical use. Based on this posterior HMM, we develop an enhanced posterior-HMM-based informed watermarking scheme. Extensive experimental simulations show that the proposed scheme is comparable to its prior counterpart in which the HMM is estimated with the original image, but it avoids the transmission of the prior HMM from the encoder to the decoder. This thus well enhances the practical application of HMM-based informed watermarking systems. Also, it is demonstrated that the proposed scheme has the robustness comparable to the state-of-the-art with significantly reduced computation time.

A Robust Wavelet Based Watermarking Scheme For Digital Audio

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Ayad Abdulsada
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Digital Audio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

In this paper, a robust wavelet based watermarking scheme has been proposed for digital audio. A single bit is embedded in the approximation part of each frame. The watermark bits are embedded in two subsets of indexes randomly generated by using two keys for security purpose. The embedding process is done in adaptively fashion according to the mean of each approximation part. The detection of watermark does not depend on the original audio. To measure the robustness of the algorithm, different signal processing operations have been applied on the watermarked audio. Several experimental results have been conducted to illustrate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed watermarked audio scheme.

scholarly journals Random-Shaped Image Inpainting using Dilated Convolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-647
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Image Inpainting ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Variable Size ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Novel ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Image Pixels

Over the past few years, Deep learning-based methods have shown encouraging and inspiring results for one of the most complex tasks of computer vision and image processing; Image Inpainting. The difficulty of image inpainting is derived from its’ need to fully and deeply understand of the structure and texture of images for producing accurate and visibly plausible results especially for the cases of inpainting a relatively larger region. Deep learning methods usually employ convolution neural network (CNN) for processing and analyzing images using filters that consider all image pixels as valid ones and usually use the mean value to substitute the missing pixels. This result in artifacts and blurry inpainted regions inconsistent with the rest of the image. In this paper, a new novel-based method is proposed for image inpainting of random-shaped missing regions with variable size and arbitrary locations across the image. We employed the use of dilated convolutions for composing multiscale context information without any loss in resolution as well as including a modification mask step after each convolution operation. The proposed method also includes a global discriminator that also considers the scale of patches as well as the whole image. The global discriminator is responsible for capturing local continuity of images texture as well as the overall global images’ features. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using two datasets (Places2 and Paris Street View). Also, a comparison with the recent state-of-the-art is preformed to demonstrate and prove the effectiveness of our model in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations.

scholarly journals Innovations in Electrodermal Activity Data Collection and Signal Processing: A Systematic Review

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo F. Posada-Quintero ◽  
Ki H. Chon
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Tonic Component ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Processing Techniques

The electrodermal activity (EDA) signal is an electrical manifestation of the sympathetic innervation of the sweat glands. EDA has a history in psychophysiological (including emotional or cognitive stress) research since 1879, but it was not until recent years that researchers began using EDA for pathophysiological applications like the assessment of fatigue, pain, sleepiness, exercise recovery, diagnosis of epilepsy, neuropathies, depression, and so forth. The advent of new devices and applications for EDA has increased the development of novel signal processing techniques, creating a growing pool of measures derived mathematically from the EDA. For many years, simply computing the mean of EDA values over a period was used to assess arousal. Much later, researchers found that EDA contains information not only in the slow changes (tonic component) that the mean value represents, but also in the rapid or phasic changes of the signal. The techniques that have ensued have intended to provide a more sophisticated analysis of EDA, beyond the traditional tonic/phasic decomposition of the signal. With many researchers from the social sciences, engineering, medicine, and other areas recently working with EDA, it is timely to summarize and review the recent developments and provide an updated and synthesized framework for all researchers interested in incorporating EDA into their research.

SIMILAR IMAGE RETRIEVAL BASED ON WAVELET TRANSFORMATION

2004 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIN-CHEN CHANG ◽  
JUN-CHOU CHUANG ◽  
YIH-SHIN HU
Keyword(s):  
Image Retrieval ◽  
Wavelet Transformation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Query Image ◽  
Similar Image ◽  
Query Result ◽  
Retrieval Scheme ◽  
Current Block ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Block Based

In this paper, a novel similar image retrieval scheme based on wavelet transformation will be presented. Our scheme is built upon a block-based query system. Our new scheme employs the wavelet transformation technique to transform each block in the spatial domain to the wavelet domain. Then, from each transformed block, the mean value and the edge types are extracted. These extracted features are then used to compute the similarity between a query image and the images in the database. In order to increase the similarity in the query result, the current block can be further divided into many sub-blocks, and then features can be extracted from these sub-blocks. Finally, the query result will be a set of ranked images in the database with respect to the query. According to our experiment, the proposed scheme can obtain satisfactory results.

Long-period modulated superstructures in Pd-12.5 at.%Ce and Pd-15 at.%Ce alloys

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
Noriyuki Kuwano ◽  
Masaru Itakura ◽  
Kensuke Oki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Ultra High Purity ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Atomic Scattering ◽  
The Mean

Pd-Ce alloys exhibit various anomalies in physical properties due to mixed valences of Ce, and the anomalies are thought to be strongly related with the crystal structures. Since Pd and Ce are both heavy elements, relative magnitudes of (fcc-fpd) are so small compared with <f> that superlattice reflections, even if any, sometimes cannot be detected in conventional x-ray powder patterns, where fee and fpd are atomic scattering factors of Ce and Pd, and <f> the mean value in the crystal. However, superlattices in Pd-Ce alloys can be analyzed by electron microscopy, thanks to the high detectability of electron diffraction. In this work, we investigated modulated superstructures in alloys with 12.5 and 15.0 at.%Ce.Ingots of Pd-Ce alloys were prepared in an arc furnace under atmosphere of ultra high purity argon. The disc specimens cut out from the ingots were heat-treated in vacuum and electrothinned to electron transparency by a jet method.

Partition Coefficient Ratios and Tumour Perfusion Studied with 85mKr and 133Xe

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (06) ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
M. Mäntylä ◽  
J. Perkkiö ◽  
J. Heikkonen
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Perfusion Rate ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
The Mean

The relative partition coefficients of krypton and xenon, and the regional blood flow in 27 superficial malignant tumour nodules in 22 patients with diagnosed tumours were measured using the 85mKr- and 133Xe-clearance method. In order to minimize the effect of biological variables on the measurements the radionuclides were injected simultaneously into the tumour. The distribution of the radiotracers was assumed to be in equilibrium at the beginning of the experiment. The blood perfusion was calculated by fitting a two-exponential function to the measuring points. The mean value of the perfusion rate calculated from the xenon results was 13 ± 10 ml/(100 g-min) [range 3 to 38 ml/(100 g-min)] and from the krypton results 19 ± 11 ml/(100 g-min) [range 5 to 45 ml/(100 g-min)]. These values were obtained, if the partition coefficients are equal to one. The equations obtained by using compartmental analysis were used for the calculation of the relative partition coefficient of krypton and xenon. The partition coefficient of krypton was found to be slightly smaller than that of xenon, which may be due to its smaller molecular weight.

Detection of Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complexes in Blood by Means of Protamine Sulphate Test

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 044-049 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Lipiński ◽  
K Worowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Coronary Thrombosis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Protamine Sulphate ◽  
Soluble Fibrin ◽  
Fibrin Monomer ◽  
Dog Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Precipitable Protein

SummaryIn the present paper described is a simple test for detecting soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC) in blood. The test consists in mixing 1% protamine sulphate with diluted oxalated plasma or serum and reading the optical density at 6190 Å. In experiments with dog plasma, enriched with soluble fibrin complexes, it was shown that OD read in PS test is proportional to the amount of fibrin recovered from the precipitate. It was found that SFMC level in plasma increases in rabbits infused intravenously with thrombin and decreases after injection of plasmin with streptokinase. In both cases PS precipitable protein in serum is elevated indicating enhanced fibrinolysis. In healthy human subjects the mean value of OD readings in plasma and sera were found to be 0.30 and 0.11, while in patients with coronary thrombosis they are 0.64 and 0.05 respectively. The origin of SFMC in circulation under physiological and pathological conditions is discussed.

Detection of Circulating Tissue Factor and Factor VII in a Normal Population

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 772-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybille Albrecht ◽  
Matthias Kotzsch ◽  
Gabriele Siegert ◽  
Thomas Luther ◽  
Heinz Großmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

SummaryThe plasma tissue factor (TF) concentration was correlated to factor VII concentration (FVIIag) and factor VII activity (FVIIc) in 498 healthy volunteers ranging in age from 17 to 64 years. Immunoassays using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed for the determination of TF and FVIIag in plasma. The mAbs and the test systems were characterized. The mean value of the TF concentration was 172 ± 135 pg/ml. TF showed no age- and gender-related differences. For the total population, FVIIc, determined by a clotting test, was 110 ± 15% and the factor VIlag was 0.77 ± 0.19 μg/ml. FVII activity was significantly increased with age, whereas the concentration demonstrated no correlation to age in this population. FVII concentration is highly correlated with the activity as measured by clotting assay using rabbit thromboplastin. The ratio between FVIIc and FVIIag was not age-dependent, but demonstrated a significant difference between men and women. Between TF and FVII we could not detect a correlation.

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