scholarly journals The Polymorphisms at PRSS1-PRSS2 and MORC4 Loci and the Risk of Post-ERCP Pancreatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phonthep Angsuwatcharakon ◽  
Pimpayao Sodsai ◽  
Rungsun Rerknimitr ◽  
Nattiya Hirankarn
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Allelic Frequencies ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background and Aim. The risks of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) are identified as patient- and procedure-related factors. However, the genetic contribution for PEP is still unclear. Recent data show that the polymorphisms of PRSS1-PRSS2 (rs10273639) and MORC4 (rs12688220) are associated with recurrent acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis. We aim to evaluate the association between these polymorphisms and post-ERCP pancreatitis in order to improve better prognosis and better care for these patients. Methods. This is a retrospective, case-control study which includes 49 cases and 97 controls that are age-, procedure-, and risk of PEP-matched with the cases in 1 : 2 fashion. The PEP was diagnosed and graded for severity according to the standard consensus, and the risk factors of PEP were identified according to the ESGE guideline. Polymorphisms at rs10273639 and rs12688220 were evaluated by TaqMan technique and were identified in 133 (40 cases and 93 controls) and 146 patients, respectively. Results. The demographic data between 2 groups are not significantly different. The genotype frequencies of PRSS1-PRSS2 (TT, TC, and CC) are 26, 13, and 1 vs. 67, 25, and 1 in cases and controls, respectively (p=0.642). The genotype frequencies of MORC4 in female (TT, TC, and CC) are 8, 23, and 5 vs. 12, 26, and 21 in cases and controls, respectively (p=0.071). The genotype frequencies of MORC4 in male (T and C) are 5 and 8 vs. 21 and 17 in cases and controls, respectively (p=0.468). The allelic frequencies of MORC4 in combination of both genders (T, C) are 44 and 41 vs. 71 and 84 in cases and control, respectively (p=0.431). In PEP cases, the allelic frequencies of PRSS1-PRSS2 (T and C) are 59 and 13 vs. 6 and 2 in mild and moderate/severe cases, respectively (p=0.633). The allelic frequencies of MORC4 (T and C) are 38 and 39 vs. 4 and 4 in mild and moderate/severe cases, respectively (p=0.972). Conclusion. Polymorphisms at PRSS1-PRSS2 and MORC4 are not associated with the risk or severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis.

Genetic variation in PTX3 is associated with susceptibility to community-acquired pneumonia in adults: a retrospective case control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingqi Xiao ◽  
Shiyi Bu ◽  
Tiantian Tang ◽  
Qiaojun Zeng ◽  
Biru Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Haplotype Frequency ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strong Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract BackgroundEvidence indicates that single nucleoid polymorphisms (SNPs) of key molecules in innate immunity are related to clinical outcome of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a member of the acute-phase reactants superfamily and plays an important role against various diseases. The purpose of the current study was to assess the association between PTX 3 SNP and the risk of CAP.MethodsThis is a retrospective case-control study. Patients who were diagnosed with CAP between January 2018 to December 2019 in the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital were included as CAP group. Then CAP cases were matched 1:1 by gender with non-infectious hospitalized patients during the same time. We detected the genotypes, allele frequencies and haplotype distributions of three SNPs within PTX3 gene (rs2305619, rs3816527, and rs1840680) by polymerase chain reaction sequencing in CAP group and control group, and compared their associations with the risk of CAP.ResultsThree SNPs in both groups were consist with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A strong linkage disequilibrium was detected between any pair of rs2305619, rs3816527 and rs1840680 (|D’|≥0.85). There were no differences of rs2305619 and rs3816527 in genotypic distribution and haplotype frequency between CAP group and control group. However, we identified that SNP rs1840680 AA homozygote was associated with a lower risk of CAP in adults (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.11-0.91; p = 0.03).ConclusionsOur findings suggested that PTX3 single nucleoid polymorphism was associated with the risk of CAP in adults.

Case-Control Study of Antibiotic Use and Subsequent Clostridium difficile–Associated Diarrhea in Hospitalized Patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Baxter ◽  
G. Thomas Ray ◽  
Bruce H. Fireman
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Objective.To determine which antibiotics increase or decrease the risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD).Design.Retrospective case-control study.Setting.Nonprofit, integrated healthcare delivery system in Northern California.Patients.Study participants included patients with cases of hospital-acquired CDAD that occurred during the period from 1999 through 2005 (n = 1,142) and control patients (n = 3,351) matched for facility, calendar quarter during which hospitalization occurred, diagnosis related group for the index hospitalization, and length of hospital stay. All case and control patients had received antibiotics in the 60 days before the index date. For each antibiotic, the risk of CDAD was examined in relation to whether the patient received the antibiotic, after adjustment for use of other antibiotics, demographic characteristics, selected health conditions, and use of healthcare services.Results.The following antibiotics were associated with a significantly increased risk of acquiring CDAD: imipenem-cilastin (odds ratio [OR], 2.77), clindamycin (OR, 2.31), cefuroxime (OR, 2.16), moxifloxacin (OR, 1.88), ceftazidime (OR, 1.82), cefpodoxime (OR, 1.58), ceftizoxime (OR, 1.57), and ceftriaxone (OR, 1.49). Metronidazole and doxycycline were associated with a significantly reduced risk of CDAD (OR for metronidazole, 0.67; OR for doxycycline, 0.41). Other factors associated with an increased risk of CDAD were older age, longer hospital stays, use of proton pump inhibitors, prior gastrointestinal disease, and prior infection (not including C. difficile infection.)Conclusions.Some antibiotics appear to increase the risk of acquiring CDAD, notably clindamycin, third-generation cephalosporins, and carbapenems, whereas metronidazole and doxycycline appear to be protective, compared with other antibiotics.

scholarly journals Lower Extremity Kinetics and Kinematics in Runners with Patellofemoral Pain: A Retrospective Case–Control Study Using Musculoskeletal Simulation

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Jonathan Sinclair ◽  
Nachiappan Chockalingam ◽  
Paul John Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Musculoskeletal Simulation ◽  
Lower Extremity Biomechanics ◽  
And Control ◽  
Knee Pathology ◽  
Control Study

Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common atraumatic knee pathology in runners, with a complex multifactorial aetiology influenced by sex differences. This retrospective case–control study therefore aimed to evaluate lower limb kinetics and kinematics in symptomatic and control male and female runners using musculoskeletal simulation. Lower extremity biomechanics were assessed in 40 runners with PFP (15 females and 25 males) and 40 controls (15 females and 25 males), whilst running at a self-selected velocity. Lower extremity biomechanics were explored using a musculoskeletal simulation approach. Four intergroup comparisons—(1) overall PFP vs. control; (2) male PFP vs. male control; (3) female PFP vs. female control; and (4) male PFP vs. female PFP—were undertaken using linear mixed models. The overall (stress per mile: PFP = 1047.49 and control = 812.93) and female (peak stress: PFP = 13.07 KPa/BW and control = 10.82 KPa/BW) comparisons showed increased patellofemoral joint stress indices in PFP runners. A significantly lower strike index was also shown in PFP runners in the overall (PFP = 17.75% and control = 33.57%) and female analyses (PFP = 15.49% and control = 40.20%), revealing a midfoot strike in control, and a rearfoot pattern in PFP runners. Peak rearfoot eversion and contralateral pelvic drop range of motion (ROM) were shown to be greater in PFP runners in the overall (eversion: PFP = −8.15° and control = −15.09°/pelvic drop ROM: PFP = 3.64° and control = 1.88°), male (eversion: PFP = −8.05° and control = −14.69°/pelvic drop ROM: PFP = 3.16° and control = 1.77°) and female (eversion: PFP = 8.28° and control = −15.75°/pelvic drop ROM: PFP = 3.64° and control = 1.88°) PFP runners, whilst female PFP runners (11.30°) exhibited a significantly larger peak hip adduction compared to PFP males (7.62°). The findings from this investigation highlight biomechanical differences between control and PFP runners, as well as demonstrating distinctions in PFP presentation for many parameters between sexes, highlighting potential risk factors for PFP that may be addressed through focused intervention modalities, and also the need, where appropriate, for sex-specific targeted treatment approaches.

scholarly journals Potential Risk Factors Contributing to Development of Venous Thromboembolism for Total Knee Replacements Patients Prophylaxed With Rivaroxaban: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 107602962096222
Author(s):  
Owais Mian ◽  
Davide Matino ◽  
Robin Roberts ◽  
Ellen McDonald ◽  
Anthony K. C. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Tourniquet Time ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Rivaroxaban after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is used to prevent postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE); however, despite thromboprophylaxis, some patients still develop postoperative VTE. To determine whether tourniquet time, time to initiate rivaroxaban (TTIRIV), or Body Mass Index (BMI) was associated with postoperative VTE. A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Those patients that developed VTE despite prophylaxis (cases) were compared to controls (no VTE). A univariate analysis was conducted (p < 0.05 statistically significant). Seven VTE cases were identified from 234 TKA-patients. Patients with and without VTE had BMI of 40.1 ± 9.1 and 32.8 ± 7.5, respectively (p = 0.064). TTIRIV in VTE and control group was 28.2 ± 4.7 hours and 26.4 ± 4.2 hours, respectively (p = 0.39). Mean tourniquet time in VTE and control group was 65.0 ± 8.7 minutes and 49 ± 8.8 minutes, respectively (p = 0.0007). Statistically significant differences in tourniquet times were noted between VTE and non-VTE group but not for TTIRIV and BMI. Prolonged tourniquet use could pose a potential risk factor for postoperative VTE. Thromboprophylaxis management may need to be adjusted, based on patient-specific factors that could include increasing doses of oral anticoagulants and/or mechanical prophylaxis. However, further large-scale studies are required to establish pathophysiology.

scholarly journals Association between the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism and pterygium in Sardinian patients: a population based case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. e005627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Demurtas ◽  
Germano Orrù ◽  
Pierpaolo Coni ◽  
Luigi Minerba ◽  
Michela Corrias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to examine whether the insertion (I) and/or deletion (D) polymorphism of ACE confers susceptibility to primary pterygium in Sardinian patients in a case–control study.Methods and resultsPolymorphism genotyping was performed by nested PCR using genomic DNA extracted from the whole peripheral blood of participants with (n=251) and without (n=260) pterygium. DD, ID and II genotype frequencies were: 48%, 39% and 13%, respectively, for patients with pterygium, and 15%, 40% and 44%, respectively, for the control group. A statistically significant difference was found between the pterygium and control groups for the ACE I/D polymorphism (p<0.001). Moreover, a statistically significant difference was found between the DD and II groups (p<0.01; OR=10.49; 95% CI 6.18 to 17.79), DD+ID versus II group (p<0.01; OR=5.23; 95% CI 3.37 to 8.13) and DD versus ID groups (p<0.01; OR=3.21; 95% CI 2.04 to 5.04).ConclusionsStatistical analysis showed that the DD genotype is associated with an increased risk of developing pterygium, and with a good chance that the D allele may play an important role in the development of disease.

The Leu33/Pro Polymorphism (PIA1/PIA2 ) of the Glycoprotein IIIa (GPIIIa) Receptor Is Not Related to Myocardial Infarction in the ECTIM Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (06) ◽  
pp. 1179-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan-Martin Herrmann ◽  
Odette Poirier ◽  
Pedro Marques-Vidal ◽  
Alun Evans ◽  
Dominique Arveiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Receptor Complex ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Large Multicenter Study ◽  
Glycoprotein Iiia ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Control Study

SummaryThe GPIIb/IIIa receptor complex may contribute to acute coronary syndromes by mediating platelet aggregation. The Leu33/Pro polymorphism (PlAl/PlA2) of the GPIIIa has recently been shown to be associated with CHD in a small case-control study. We have investigated this polymorphism in a large multicenter study of patients with myocardial infarction and controls and found no difference in the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies between cases and controls.

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