scholarly journals Mathematical Model for Electric Field Sensor Based on Whispering Gallery Modes Using Navier’s Equation for Linear Elasticity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir R. Ali ◽  
Mohamed A. Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Linear Elasticity ◽  
Transmission Spectrum ◽  
Applied Electric Field ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Optical Resonance ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Electric Field Sensor ◽  
Optical Modes

This paper presents and verifies the mathematical model of an electric field senor based on the whispering gallery mode (WGM). The sensing element is a dielectric microsphere, where the light is used to tune the optical modes of the microsphere. The light undergoes total internal reflection along the circumference of the sphere; then it experiences optical resonance. The WGM are monitored as sharp dips on the transmission spectrum. These modes are very sensitive to morphology changes of the sphere, such that, for every minute change in the sphere’s morphology, a shift in the transmission spectrum will happen and that is known as WGM shifts. Due to the electrostriction effect, the applied electric field will induce forces acting on the surface of the dielectric sphere. In turn, these forces will deform the sphere causing shifts in its WGM spectrum. The applied electric field can be obtained by calculating these shifts. Navier’s equation for linear elasticity is used to model the deformation of the sphere to find the WGM shift. The finite element numerical studies are performed to verify the introduced model and to study the behavior of the sensor at different values of microspheres’ Young’s modulus and dielectric constant. Furthermore, the sensitivity and resolution of the developed WGM electric filed sensor model will be presented in this paper.

scholarly journals Electrically tuned whispering gallery modes microresonator based on microstructured optical fibers infiltrated with dual-frequency liquid crystals

Nanophotonics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1333-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengkun Yang ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Haifeng Liu ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Applied Electric Field ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Resonance Wavelength ◽  
Crossover Frequency ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Operation Frequency

AbstractAn electrically tunable whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonator based on an HF-etched microstructured optical fiber (MOF) infiltrated with dual-frequency liquid crystals (DFLCs) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for the investigation of the crossover frequency and Freedericksz transition of DFLCs. Experimental results indicate that for applied electric field with operation frequency below the crossover frequency, WGM resonance wavelength decreases with the increment of applied electric field strength. On the contrary, for applied electric field with operation frequency beyond the crossover frequency, WGM resonance dips show red shift as the applied electric field intensity increases. The proposed electrically tunable microcavity integrated with DFLCs is anticipated to find potential applications in optical filtering, all-optical switching, and electrically manipulated bi-directional micro-optics devices.

scholarly journals Mathematical Model and Numerical Simulation for Electric Field Induced Cancer Cell Migration

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Antonino Amoddeo
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Applied Electric Field ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Plasminogen Activation ◽  
Cell Dynamics ◽  
Plasminogen Activation System ◽  
Activation System

A mathematical model describing the interaction of cancer cells with the urokinase plasminogen activation system is represented by a system of partial differential equations, in which cancer cell dynamics accounts for diffusion, chemotaxis, and haptotaxis contributions. The mutual relations between nerve fibers and tumors have been recently investigated, in particular, the role of nerves in the development of tumors, as well neurogenesis induced by cancer cells. Such mechanisms are mediated by neurotransmitters released by neurons as a consequence of electrical stimuli flowing along the nerves, and therefore electric fields can be present inside biological tissues, in particular, inside tumors. Considering cancer cells as negatively charged particles immersed in the correct biological environment and subjected to an external electric field, the effect of the latter on cancer cell dynamics is still unknown. Here, we implement a mathematical model that accounts for the interaction of cancer cells with the urokinase plasminogen activation system subjected to a uniform applied electric field, simulating the first stage of cancer cell dynamics in a three-dimensional axial symmetric domain. The obtained numerical results predict that cancer cells can be moved along a preferred direction by an applied electric field, suggesting new and interesting strategies in cancer therapy.

Side-mode suppression in ultraviolet quasi-semicircle microlaser cavity

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (30) ◽  
pp. 2050330
Author(s):  
Canran Zhang ◽  
Gangyi Zhu ◽  
Siqing He ◽  
Jun Dai
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Mode Competition ◽  
Optically Pumped ◽  
Optical Resonance ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Mode Suppression ◽  
Resonance Modes ◽  
Optical Modes ◽  
Side Mode

We report a quasi-semicircle GaN ultraviolet microcavity laser. Poincaré map of the quasi-semicircle cavity shows periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic optical trajectories. Finite-element-method optical near-field distribution patterns of the periodic optical modes agree with the optical loops in the quasi-semicircle cavity. Based on the numerical results, optically pumped lasing experiment shows that ultraviolet multimode lasing action from different optical resonance modes can be effectively stimulated at low pumping intensity in the quasi-semicircle GaN cavity, and the side-mode suppression phenomenon can be obtained at high pumping intensity. Because the possible period optical loops are quasi-periodic and unstable, the quasi-whispering-gallery mode lasing with higher quality factor prefer to dominate the lasing action under high pumping. The experimental and simulated lasing modes suggest that side-mode suppression phenomenon can be caused by the mode competition between quasi-whispering-gallery modes and other quasi-periodic modes.

Modeling and Simulation of Triangle Cantilever Piezoelectric Vibrator

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 1616-1620
Author(s):  
Yong Chao Chen ◽  
Min Gao ◽  
Wei Bo Yu ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Applied Electric Field ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Substrate Thickness ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibrator ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Effect Of Structure

In considering of the triangle cantilever beam can improve the problem of stress concentration in rectangular cantilever beam, the piezoelectric power generating mathematical model of triangle cantilever piezoelectric vibrator is build base on piezoelectric equation and material mechanics. The effect of structure size on the electricity generating capacity is simulated with numerical The result shows that the applied electric field have less effect on the output voltage, and the substrate thickness and length of cantilever beam have bigger influence on the output voltage.

THEORETICAL STUDY OF TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM IN CAVITY-WAVEGUIDE SIDE-COUPLED SYSTEMS

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (22) ◽  
pp. 1350157 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUANBO DONG ◽  
TAO WANG ◽  
WEI YAN ◽  
XIAOMING LI
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Spectrum ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Coupled Systems ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Coupled Mode ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Optical Modes ◽  
Waveguide System ◽  
Optical Analog

Starting with one-cavity side-coupled with waveguide system, we theoretically study on transmission spectrum for a two-cavity side-coupled with waveguide system based on coupled mode theory by using light-tracing method. Interesting effects called all-optical analog to EIT appear in some cases. 3D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method provides optical modes distributions at different wavelengths, including the EIT-like wavelength. Influences of different parameters on the narrow EIT-like peak such as cavity quality factors Q, frequency difference detuning Δω, and phase difference detuning between cavities ΔΦ are discussed. Compared with previous studies, this method is easier to understand and can be used as a model for both standing cavities like line-defect photonic crystal cavities and whispering gallery modes cavities like microring cavities.

LIQUID CRYSTLASLIGHT SCATTERING BY FLUCTUATIONS INDUCED BY AN APPLIED ELECTRIC FIELD IN A NEMATIC LIQUID CRYSTAL (APAPA)

1972 ◽  
Vol 33 (C1) ◽  
pp. C1-63-C1-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BERTOLOTTI ◽  
B. DAINO ◽  
P. Di PORTO ◽  
F. SCUDIERI ◽  
D. SETTE
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Nematic Liquid Crystal ◽  
Applied Electric Field

Transient Response of Electrostatic Field due to Collision ESD between Spherical Electrodes by using Bare-chip Optical Electric Field Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 (12) ◽  
pp. 599-600
Author(s):  
Kento Kato ◽  
Ken Kawamata ◽  
Shinobu Ishigami ◽  
Ryuji Osawa ◽  
Takeshi Ishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Transient Response ◽  
Electrostatic Field ◽  
Electric Field Sensor ◽  
Field Sensor

Mathematical model to predict the characteristics of polarization in dielectric materials: The concept of piezoelectrcity and electrostriction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Dielectric Material ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Constitutive Law ◽  
Basic Material

Model was developed for the prediction of polarization characteristics in a dielectric material exhibiting piezoelectricity and electrostriction based on mathematical equations and MATLAB computer simulation software. The model was developed based on equations of polarization and piezoelectric constitutive law and the functional coefficient of Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) crystal material used was 2.3×10-6 m (thickness), the model further allows the input of basic material and calculation of parameters of applied voltage levels, applied stress, pressure, dielectric material properties and so on, to generate the polarization curve, strain curve and the expected deformation change in the material length charts. The mathematical model revealed that an application of 5 volts across the terminals of a 2.3×10-6 m thick dielectric material (PZT) predicted a 1.95×10-9 m change in length of the material, which indicates piezoelectric properties. Both polarization and electric field curve as well as strain and voltage curve were also generated and the result revealed a linear proportionality of the compared parameters, indicating a resultant increase in the electric field yields higher polarization of the dielectric materials atmosphere.

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