scholarly journals α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Phenolic Extracts from Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla Bark

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Jia Xiong ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Mary H. Grace ◽  
Mary Ann Lila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of different extracts and fractions from Eucalyptus. grandis × urophylla bark (EB) against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme activities. The ethyl acetate extract (EB-E) showed the highest activity among others. Seven fractions were derived from EB-E; among them EB-E-7 showed the highest significant inhibition of both enzymes, with IC50 of 1.40±0.18 and 1.72±0.12 μg/mL, respectively. EB-E and its active fraction EB-E-7 showed highest contents of total phenolics: 178.79±4.68 and 920.4±5.46 mg GAEag−1, respectively. HPLC-MS analysis of EB-E-7 revealed the presence of ellagic acid, quercetin-glucuronide, quercetin-3-α-rhamnopyranoside, and ellagic acid rhamnoside as major compounds, together with smaller concentrations of myricetin-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-hexoside, myricetin-3-α-arabinofuranoside, and isorhamnetin. Therefore, the phenolic compounds from Eucalyptus grandis × E. urograndis bark potently inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity, having potential in prevention of hyperglycemia.

Two Ganoderma species: profiling of phenolic compounds by HPLC–DAD, antioxidant, antimicrobial and inhibitory activities on key enzymes linked to diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease and skin disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 2794-2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Cengiz Sarikurkcu ◽  
Erdogan Gunes ◽  
Ahmet Uysal ◽  
Ramazan Ceylan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Key Enzymes ◽  
Ganoderma Applanatum ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

We report the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and inhibitory effects of extracts from Ganoderma applanatum and G. resinaceum.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities of Extracts from Tricholosporum goniospermum, an Edible Wild Mushroom

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Angelini ◽  
Roberto Venanzoni ◽  
Giancarlo Angeles Flores ◽  
Bruno Tirillini ◽  
Giustino Orlando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Bioinformatics Analyses ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

Tricholosporum goniospermum (Bres.) Guzmán ex T.J. Baroni is an excellent edible mushroom whose compounds and biological properties are still unknown. In this study, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts from fruiting bodies and liquid-cultured mycelia were compared for the analysis of phenolic compounds, the evaluation of scavenger (DPPH, ABTS) and reducing (CUPRAC, FRAP) activities, and the enzyme inhibition of α-amylase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase. Additionally, T. goniospermum extracts were evaluated for antibacterial and antimycotic activities against Gram+ and Gram− bacteria, and clinical yeast and fungal dermatophytes. Finally, based on the extract content in phenolic compounds, in silico studies, including the docking approach, were conducted to predict the putative targets (namely tyrosinase, lanosterol-14-α-demethylase, the multidrug efflux system transporters of E. coli (mdtK) and P. aeruginosa (pmpM), and S. aureus β-lactamase (ORF259)) underlying the observed bio-pharmacological and microbiological effects. The methanolic extract from mycelia was the richest in gallic acid, whereas the ethyl acetate extract from fruiting bodies was the sole extract to show levels of catechin. Specifically, docking runs demonstrated an affinity of catechin towards all docked proteins, in the micromolar range. These in silico data are consistent, at least in part, with the highest activity of ethyl acetate extract as an antimicrobial and anti-tyrosinase (554.30 mg KAE/g for fruiting bodies and 412.81 mg KAE/g for mycelia) agent. The ethyl acetate extracts were also noted as being the most active (2.97 mmol ACAE/g for fruiting bodies and 2.25 mmol ACAE/g for mycelia) on α-amylase. BChE inhibitory activities varied from 2.61 to 26.78 mg GALAE/g, while the tested extracts were not active on AChE. In conclusion, all mushroom extracts tested in this study had potent antimicrobial activities. Particularly, among the tested extracts, the ethyl acetate extract showed the highest efficacy as both an antimicrobial and anti-tyrosinase agent. This could be related, albeit partially, to its content of catechin. In this regard, the bioinformatics analyses showed interactions of catechin with tyrosinase and specific microbial proteins involved in the resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, thus suggesting innovative pharmacological applications of T. goniospermum extracts.

scholarly journals (381) Nutraceutical Profile of Selected Muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.) Cultivars and Breeding Lines

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1068E-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Stringer ◽  
Penelope Perkins-Veazie ◽  
Donna A. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Nutraceutical Compounds ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Muscadine Grape

The consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables has always been known to provide essential nutrition to mankind and, both anecdotally and clinically, has been linked to the prevention or alleviation of chronic diseases. The muscadine grape, a fruit native to the southeastern U.S., contains numerous phenolic compounds that act as antioxidants and also other compounds, such as resveratrol, that acts as a chemopreventative. The concentrations of these compounds present in the muscadine grape equal or exceed that known for any other small fruit. Fruit of selected muscadine grape genotypes, including breeding lines and cultivars, were evaluated over a 2-year period to assess the existing genetic base for these nutraceutical compounds. Results demonstrated that concentrations of total phenolics, ellagic acid, and resveratrol differ significantly among cultivars and breeding lines. These results suggest that it should be possible to breed for increased concentrations of the health-promoting compounds in muscadine grapes.

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds from Leaves and Flowers of Hibiscus roseus: Potential Skin Cosmetic Applications of an Under-Investigated Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Luana Beatriz dos Santos Nascimento ◽  
Antonella Gori ◽  
Andrea Raffaelli ◽  
Francesco Ferrini ◽  
Cecilia Brunetti
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Skin Care ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Perennial Species ◽  
Collagenase Activity ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Ferulic Acids

The use of plant extracts in skin-care cosmetics is a modern trend due to their richness in polyphenols that act as anti-aging molecules. Hibiscus roseus is a perennial species naturalized in Italy, with beautiful soft pink flowers; its phenolic composition and biological activities have not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to characterize and quantify the phenolics and to evaluate the antioxidant, sun protection factor (SPF), and anti-collagenase activities of the ethanolic extracts of H. roseus leaves (HL) and flowers (HF). p-Coumaric, chlorogenic, and trans-ferulic acids derivatives as well as quercetin and kaempferol flavonoids were the main phenolic compounds detected. Catechin, epicatechin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol-7-O-glucoside, tiliroside, oenin, and peonidin-3-O-glucoside were detected only in HF, while phloridzin was exclusive from HL, which also showed greater amounts of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. HF was richer in flavonoids and total phenolics, also exhibiting greater antioxidant capacity. The SPF and anti-collagenase activity of both extracts were similar and comparable to those of synthetic standards. The overall results demonstrate that H. roseus extracts are promising sources of bioactive phenolic compounds that could be potentially applied as anti-aging agents in skin-care cosmetics.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Psychotropic Research of Motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca L.) Modified Dry Extracts

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Oleh Koshovyi ◽  
Ain Raal ◽  
Igor Kireyev ◽  
Nadiya Tryshchuk ◽  
Tetiana Ilina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Psychotropic Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phenolic Substances ◽  
Leonurus Cardiaca

The prospect of creating a new medicine with psychotropic activity is shown as a result of studying the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of modified dry extracts of motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca L.) tincture. The most promising substances were the dry extracts, modified by adding small amounts of arginine, valine, phenylalanine, glycine, lysine, and alanine. A total of 15 main phenolic substances were found in the extracts, and eight of them were identified. There were also 10 hydroxycinnamic acids in these extracts, three of which were identified (chlorogenic, caffeic, and rosmarinic acids). The dominant hydroxycinnamic acids were chlorogenic and caffeic acids. Among flavonoids, catechin, hyperoside, and rutin were identified. It should be noted that the extracts had a significant content of ellagic acid. On the basis of the results of the phytochemical analysis of the extracts, it can be concluded that the composition of phenolic compounds does not differ significantly, and the main differences are related to amino acids, which obviously have an impact on the overall pharmacological effect. The results obtained indicate the presence of anxiolytic activity in the motherwort extracts studied in complex with amino acids. The extracts with glycine, valine, and arginine were more effective in reducing anxiety in animals.

scholarly journals Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Phytochemicals from Vaccinium dunalianum Wight and Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2075
Author(s):  
Tianrui Zhao ◽  
Mengxue Sun ◽  
Lingpeng Kong ◽  
Qingwang Xue ◽  
Yudan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Macroporous Resin ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

Vaccinium dunalianum Wight, usually processed as a traditional folk tea beverage, is widely distributed in the southwest of China. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of V.dunalianum extract and isolate the bioactive components. In this study, the crude extract (CE) from the buds of V. dunalianum was prepared by the ultrasound-assisted extraction method in 70% methanol and then purified with macroporous resin D101 to obtain the purified extract (PM). Five fractions (Fr. A–E) were further obtained by MPLC column (RP-C18). Bioactivity assays revealed that Fr. B with 40% methanol and Fr. D with 80% methanol had better antioxidant with 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.62 ± 0.01 nM Trolox equivalent (TE)/mg extract for DPPH, 0.87 ± 0.02 and 1.58 ± 0.02 nM TE/mg extract for FRAP, 14.42 ± 0.41 and 19.25 ± 0.23 nM TE/mg extract for ABTS, and enzyme inhibitory effects with IC50 values of 95.21 ± 2.21 and 74.55 ± 3.85 for α-glucosidase, and 142.53 ± 11.45 and 128.76 ± 13.85 µg/mL for pancreatic lipase. Multivariate analysis indicated that the TPC and TFC were positively related to the antioxidant activities. Further phytochemical purification led to the isolation of ten compounds (1–10). 6-O-Caffeoylarbutin (7) showed significant inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase enzymes with values of 38.38 ± 1.84 and 97.56 ± 7.53 µg/mL, and had the highest antioxidant capacity compared to the other compounds.

scholarly journals In Vitro α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activities of Free and Bound Phenolic Extracts from the Bran and Kernel Fractions of Five Sorghum Grain Genotypes

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1301
Author(s):  
Yun Xiong ◽  
Ken Ng ◽  
Pangzhen Zhang ◽  
Robyn Dorothy Warner ◽  
Shuibao Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Sorghum Grain ◽  
Global Health Challenge ◽  
Phenolic Extracts

Diabetes is a global health challenge. Currently, an effective treatment for diabetes is to reduce the postprandial hyperglycaemia by inhibiting the carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes in the digestive system. In this study, we investigated the in vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory effects of free and bound phenolic extracts, from the bran and kernel fractions of five sorghum grain genotypes. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of sorghum phenolic extracts depended on the phenolic concentration and composition. Sorghum with higher phenolic contents generally had higher inhibitory activity. Among the tested extracts, the brown sorghum (IS131C)-bran-free extract (BR-bran-free, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 18 ± 11 mg sorghum/mL) showed the strongest inhibition against α-glucosidase which was comparable to that of acarbose (IC50 = 1.39 ± 0.23 mg acarbose/mL). The red sorghum (Mr-Buster)-kernel-bound extract (RM-kernel-bound, IC50 = 160 ± 12 mg sorghum/mL) was the most potent in inhibiting α-amylase but was much weaker compared to acarbose (IC50 = 0.50 ± 0.03 mg acarbose/mL).

scholarly journals Dietary intake of specific phenolic compounds and their effect on the antioxidant activity of daily food rations

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Koch ◽  
Tomasz Baj ◽  
Wirginia Kukula-Koch ◽  
Zbigniew Marzec
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Phenolics Content ◽  
Test Correlation

AbstractThe determination of phenolic acids’ and flavonoids’ content in daily food rations (DFRs) of a selected group of male and female students and the development of chromatographic conditions is the primary goal of the study. The presence of 7 phenolic components were confirmed in the prepared extracts from all diets reconstructed within a period of 3 years. The highest concentrations were determined for hesperidin (124 and 55.6 mg for women and men, respectively), naringin (47.6 mg in female and 37 mg in male diets) and chlorogenic acid (19.7 and 19.8 mg for women and men). The antioxidant potential of the daily food rations, measured with a DPPH test, was higher for women (range 47.1‒78.8%) than for men (range 34.5‒78.0%) and was found to strongly correlate with the total phenolics content of the samples (Folin-Ciocalteu test) (correlation coefficient 0.90).

scholarly journals Polyphenolic compounds and essential oil analysis of selected species of the genus Thymus / Analýza fenolových zložiek a analýza silice vybraných druhov rodu Thymus

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (s9) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
M. Kameníková ◽  
S. Fialová ◽  
A. Ťažký ◽  
I. Čičová
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oil Analysis ◽  
European Pharmacopoeia

Abstract The content of phenolic compounds (total phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids and anthocyanidins) of three species of thyme (Thymus pulegioides, Thymus pannonicus, Thymus praecox) of different origin (Bohemian-Moravian highlands, Křivoklat and Považsky Inovec) was determined using spectrophotometric methods of European Pharmacopoeia 8th edition. Furthermore, the determination of the content of essential oil and analysis of its constituents was realised. The amount of total phenolics was determined by a spectrophotometric method using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Their content ranged from 3.87 to 8.86%. The content of tannins was established on a preliminary determination of the total phenolics, followed by adsorption of tannins on hide powder. The amount of tannins in our samples varied from 1.96 to 5.65%. The content of total flavonoids was determined by a spectrophotometric method using aluminium chloride. Quantitative analysis of flavonoids has shown that content in our samples ranged from 0.59 to 1.52% expressed as luteolin-7-O-glucoside (λ = 392 nm) and from 0.41 to 1.12% expressed as rutin (λ = 420 nm). Anthocyanins represent a small amount of total polyphenol content in Thymus species. In our samples, the content of anthocyanins expressed as cyanidin-3-O-glucoside varied from 0.02 to 0.1%. The determination of essential oil was realised by method of European Pharmacopoeia 8th edition. Its contents in our samples ranged from 0.2 to 0.75%. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for essential oil analysis. According to the presence of main monoterpene in Thymus essential oil, we can distinguish three chemotypes: thymol, carvacrol and linalool. Due to variations of chemical constituents of thyme essential oil, it was possible to observe a relationship between occurrence of certain chemotype and origin of sample. Differences in content of flavonoids have not shown a significant relationship to locality of origin.

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