scholarly journals Effect of Harvesting Stage on Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Genotypes in Western Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Owuor Oyier ◽  
James O. Owuoche ◽  
Maurice E. Oyoo ◽  
Erick Cheruiyot ◽  
Betty Mulianga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Harvesting Stage ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Harvesting stage of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) cane is an important aspect in the content of sugar for production of industrial alcohol. Four sweet sorghum genotypes were evaluated for harvesting stage in a randomized complete block design. In order to determine sorghum harvest growth stage for bioethanol production, sorghum canes were harvested at intervals of seven days after anthesis. The genotypes were evaluated at different stages of development for maximum production of bioethanol from flowering to physiological maturity. The canes were crushed and juice fermented to produce ethanol. Measurements of chlorophyll were taken at various stages as well as panicles from the harvested canes. Dried kernels at 14% moisture content were also weighed at various stages. Chlorophyll, grain weight, absolute ethanol volume, juice volume, cane yield, and brix showed significant (p=0.05) differences for genotypes as well as the stages of harvesting. Results from this study showed that harvesting sweet sorghum at stages IV and V (104 to 117 days after planting) would be appropriate for production of kernels and ethanol. EUSS10 has the highest ethanol potential (1062.78 l ha−1) due to excellent juice volume (22976.9 l ha−1) and EUSS11 (985.26 l ha−1) due to its high brix (16.21).

scholarly journals Cane Yield and Juice Volume Determine Ethanol Yield in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. p29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justice K. Rono ◽  
Erick K. Cheruiyot ◽  
Jacktone O. Othira ◽  
Virginia W. Njuguna
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) contains fermentable sugars in the stem that can be converted to ethanol. The current study aimed at evaluating the performance of three sweet sorghum genotypes with five checks and contributes towards availing suitable sweet sorghum for industrial ethanol production. Field studies were carried out in Kenya at varied locations in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Sorghum was harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and evaluated for several stem juice production traits including plant height, cane yield, juice volume, degrees Brix, total, reducing, and non-reducing sugars, and ethanol yield via juice fermentation. Analyses of variance using SAS version 9.1 showed a significant effect of genotype for morphological characters and ethanol yield. Genotype EUSS10 produced the greatest cane (27.4 T/ha) and juice yield (7806.7 L/ha) whereas ACFC003/12 recorded the greatest ethanol yield (423.1 L/ha). At all sites, EUSS10 had the greatest plant height and days to 50% heading whereas SS04 had the greatest Brix and total sugar concentration. The greatest grain yield and non-reducing sugar concentration was produced by SS17 and SS21, respectively. Results of this study show that though Brix and total sugars are desirable for ethanol yield, cane yield, and juice volume of sweet sorghum determines the ultimate volume of ethanol produced.

scholarly journals MORFOLOGIA FOLIAR DE SORGO SACARINO CULTIVADO EM DIFERENTES ESPAÇAMENTOS ENTRELINHAS E ÉPOCAS DE SEMEADURA

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
ANDRIELI HEDLUND BANDEIRA ◽  
SANDRO LUIS PETTER MEDEIROS ◽  
BEATRIZ MARTI EMYGDIO ◽  
JEAN CECCHIM BIONDO ◽  
LINEU TRINDADE LEAL
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
Leaf Elongation ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Leaf Elongation Rate ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

RESUMO - O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características morfogênicas do colmo principal de genótipos de sorgo sacarino, em diferentes espaçamentos entrelinhas e épocas de semeadura. O experimento foi conduzido em Santa Maria-RS, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso em esquema trifatorial (2x2x3), com dois genótipos de sorgo sacarino (BRS 506 e Fepagro 19), dois espaçamentos entrelinhas (0,50 m e 0,70 m) e três épocas de semeadura (outubro, novembro e dezembro), quatro repetições e dois anos de cultivo. Foram avaliadas a taxa de alongamento das folhas, o número final de folhas no colmo, a taxa de surgimento de folha, filocrono e taxa de elongamento de colmo. As variáveis não apresentaram interação tripla significativa entre genótipo, espaçamento de entrelinhas e época de semeadura. O genótipo BRS 506 apresentou número de folhas acumuladas, taxa de alongamento de folhas nas épocas de semeaduras constante. O atraso na época de semeadura resulta em menor número de folhas acumuladas e taxa de elongação do colmo para o Fepagro 19. O filocrono para o espaçamento entrelinhas 0,70 m é inferior ao de 0,50 m. Os genótipos estudados estão aptos para a produção na região, desde que a semeadura ocorra no mês de outubro. Palavras-chave: alongamento foliar, filocrono, graus-dia, índice Haun, Sorghum bicolor. LEAF MORPHOLOGY OF SWEET SORGHUM CULTIVATED IN DIFFERENT ROW SPACINGS AND SOWING DATES ABSTRACT - The objective of this work was to evaluate the morphogenic characteristics of the main stem of sweet sorghum genotypes in different spacing between lines and sowing times. The experimental was carried out in a randomized complete block design in a trifactorial scheme (2x2x3), with two sweet sorghum (BRS 506 and Fepagro 19), two spacing between lines (0.50 m and 0.70 m) and three sowing seasons (October, November and December), four replications and two years of cultivation. The leaf elongation rate, the final number of leaves in the stem, the leaf appearance rate, phyllochron and shoot elongation rate were evaluated. The variables did not present significant triple interaction between genotype, spacing between rows and sowing time. The genotype BRS 506 presented a number of accumulated leaves, leaf elongation rate at constant sowing times. The delay in sowing seasons results in a lower number of accumulated leaves and the elongation rate of the stem for genotype Fepagro 19. The phyllochron for the 0.70 m line spacing is less than 0.50 m. The genotypes studied are suitable for production in the region, as long as sowing occurs in October.Keywords: leaf elongation, phyllochron, degree-days, Haun index, Sorghum bicolor.

scholarly journals Adaptability and Stability Study of Selected Sweet Sorghum Genotypes for Ethanol Production under Different Environments Using AMMI Analysis and GGE Biplots

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justice Kipkorir Rono ◽  
Erick Kimutai Cheruiyot ◽  
Jacktone Odongo Othira ◽  
Virginia Wanjiku Njuguna ◽  
Joseph Kinyoro Macharia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Cane Juice ◽  
Juice Yield ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

The genotype and environment interaction influences the selection criteria of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes. Eight sweet sorghum genotypes were evaluated at five different locations in two growing seasons of 2014. The aim was to determine the interaction between genotype and environment on cane, juice, and ethanol yield and to identify best genotypes for bioethanol production in Kenya. The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Sorghum canes were harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and passed through rollers to obtain juice that was then fermented to obtain ethanol. Cane, juice, and ethanol yield was analyzed using the additive main effect and multiplication interaction model (AMMI) and genotype plus genotype by environment (GGE) biplot. The combined analysis of variance of cane and juice yield of sorghum genotypes showed that sweet sorghum genotypes were significantly (P<0.05) affected by environments (E), genotypes (G) and genotype by environment interaction (GEI). GGE biplot showed high yielding genotypes EUSS10, ACFC003/12, SS14, and EUSS11 for cane yield; EUSS10, EUSS11, and SS14 for juice yield; and EUSS10, SS04, SS14, and ACFC003/12 for ethanol yield. Genotype SS14 showed high general adaptability for cane, juice, and ethanol yield.

QUALIDADE INDUSTRIAL E RENDIMENTO DE ETANOL DE GENÓTIPOS DE SORGO SACARINO EM PLANTA E REBROTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
TASSIANO MAXWELL MARINHO CÂMARA ◽  
RAFAEL AUGUSTO DA COSTA PARRELLA ◽  
HERÁCLITON DE ÉFESO DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ethanol Yields ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Industrial Yield ◽  
Lower Production

 RESUMO - O rendimento de cultivares de sorgo sacarino em planta de primeiro corte e na rebrota tem sido estudado para viabilizar o cultivo com menores custos de produção. Entretanto, dados qualitativos sobre a qualidade de caldo e rendimento de etanol entre safra principal e rebrota são escassos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho comparar genótipos de sorgo sacarino quanto à qualidade industrial e avaliar o efeito do tipo de colheita e biomassa processada no rendimento industrial para produção de etanol. Foi conduzido um experimento em blocos ao acaso com três repetições em esquema de parcela subdividida, sendo as parcelas constituídas por 20 genótipos de sorgo e as subparcelas pelos tipos de amostras processadas ou colheitas realizadas. Os maiores rendimentos de etanol, em termos absolutos, foram obtidos para CMSXS646 e BRS 511 na colheita de primeiro corte com colmos limpos. A utilização de colmos limpos promoveu, em média, um incremento de 13,5, 14,2, 13,4, 3,3, 7,9, 7,0, 8,0 e 16,4% para etanol, ART, ATR, umidade, ARC, Pol, °Brix, quantidade de caldo, respectivamente, e redução de 17,3% para fibra, em relação às amostras de colmos com folhas. O rendimento médio de etanol por tonelada de caldo extraído foi 28% superior no primeiro corte comparativamente à rebrota.Palavras-chave: Bioenergia, biomassa, °Brix, Sorghum bicolor.  INDUSTRIAL QUALITY AND ETHANOL YIELD OF SWEET SORGHUM GENOTYPES IN MAIN AND RATOON CROPS  ABSTRACT - The yield of sweet sorghum cultivars in first cut and ratoon crops have been studied to enable the cultivation with lower production costs. However, qualitative data on broth quality and yield of ethanol on main crop and ratoon are scarce. The aim of this work was to compare sweet sorghum genotypes regarding the industrial quality and to evaluate the effects of harvests and processed biomass types in the industrial yield for ethanol production. A randomized block design experiment was carried out with three replicates in a split plot design, being the plots composed by 20 sorghum genotypes and the subplots by the types of processed samples or harvests. The highest ethanol yields, in absolute terms, were obtained for CMSXS646 and BRS 511 in first cut with clean stalks. The use of clean stalks promoted, on average, an increase of 13.5, 14.2, 13.4, 3.3, 7.9, 7.0, 8.0 and 16.4% for ethanol, ART, ATR, moisture, ARC, Pol, ° Brix, juice amount, respectively, and reduction of 17.3% for fiber, in relation to samples with stalks and leafs. The average yield of ethanol per extracted juice ton was 28% higher in first cut compared to ratoon.Keywords: bioenergy, biomass, °Brix, Sorghum bicolor.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PUPUK MIKRO DAN BEBERAPA GENOTIPE SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) TERHADAP INTENSITAS PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA (Colletotrichum sp.) DI LAHAN PETANI TANJUNG BINTANG LAMPUNG SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Farastika Unjunan Muli ◽  
Efri Efri ◽  
Muhammad Syamsoel Hadi ◽  
Radix Suharjo
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anthracnose Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Plot Design

One of the diseases that often found in sorghum plants is anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum sp. The purposed of this study was to determine the effect of adding micro fertilizer and the use of several sorghum genotypes on the intensity of anthracnose disease. The study was conducted in Sukanegara, Tanjung Bintang, South Lampung in April 2017 - February 2018 and at the Laboratory of Plant Diseases and Pests, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The treatments were arranged using a randomized block design in a split plot design (3 times replications), the main plot was micro nutrients (with micro addition and without micro addition) and 15 subgroups of sorghum genotypes (Numbu, Samurai 1, GH3, UPCA, GH4, P / I WHP, GH6, Super 2, GH13, P / F 51-93-C, Super 1, GH5, Mandau, GH7, and Talaga Bodas). The results showed that the addition of "ZincMicro" micro fertilizers to sorghum plants did not affect the intensity of anthracnose disease, however there were differences in the intensity of anthracnose diseases between sorghum genotypes. Numbu Genotype, GH 3, and GH 13 were relatively more resistant to anthracnose disease than the other genotypes.

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence Studies for Morphological Traits in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] over the Environments

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Vikas Khandelwal ◽  
A. Keerthika ◽  
Meenakshi Dhoot
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Genetic diversity is an essential prerequisite for improving the genetic makeup of any crop. Inclusion of genetically diverse parents in hybridization programme helps in isolation of superior recombinants. So, an experiment was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity among 150 genotypes of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Rajasthan during Kharif - 2013, 2014 and 2015 in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Present study reveals that the clustering pattern based on D2 statistics grouped 150 genotypes into 6 clusters, out of which cluster 1 shows the highest intra cluster value (142.62) followed by cluster 2 (119.47). While maximum inter cluster distance (i.e.652.68) was observed between cluster 5 and cluster 6, indicating there is presence of wide range of genetic diversity among the sorghum genotypes. Such genotypes with wide genetic diversity based on their mean values can either be utilized for breeding programmes for genetic improvement in sorghum or directly adopted as a variety.

scholarly journals MANEJO DA ADUBAÇÃO FOSFATADA E POTÁSSICA NO CULTIVO SUCESSIVO DE MILHO E SORGO PARA SILAGEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
CLOVIS ORLANDO DA ROS ◽  
JUNIOR MELO DAMIAN ◽  
MARCIA MATSUOKA ◽  
GUTIÉRRI LOURENÇO CAMPOS ◽  
FELIPE BONINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Sorghum Silage ◽  
Very High ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

RESUMO – O manejo da adubação nas culturas de sorgo e milho para a silagem com base na quantidade exportada denutrientes é uma alternativa para manter a produtividade de biomassa em áreas com teores “muito altos” dos elementosno solo. Diante disso, o trabalho teve por objetivo quantificar a reposição de P e K e a variação dos nutrientes nosolo em área de cultivo sucessivo de milho e sorgo para silagem. Foram implantados dois experimentos com cincocultivos sucessivos entre os anos de 2013 e 2016 (três cultivos de milho e dois de sorgo). O delineamento foi de blocoscasualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram doses de 0, 40, 80, 120 e 160 kg ha-1 de P2O5 no experimentoI, e 0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1 de K2O no experimento II, aplicadas em cada cultivo. O balanço de nutrientes no sistemade cultivo de milho e sorgo indicou 95,3 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e 297,3 kg ha-1 de K2O para contrabalançar as exportações dosnutrientes, equivalendo à reposição de 5,2 kg de P2O5 e 15,7 kg de K2O por megagrama de matéria seca produzida. Ouso das doses de reposição durante cinco cultivos sucessivos das forrageiras manteve a disponibilidade de P próximoe de K acima dos teores originais na camada de 0-20 cm.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., Sorghum bicolor L., forragem, exportação de nutrientes. MANAGEMENT OF PHOSPHATE AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATIONIN THE SUCCESSIVE CULTIVATION OF CORN AND SORGHUM FOR SILAGEABSTRACT – Fertilization management in sorghum and corn crops for silage based on the exported amount ofnutrients is an alternative to maintain the productivity of biomass in areas with “very high” levels of the elements in thesoil. Therefore, the objective of this work was to quantify the replacement of P and K and the nutrient variation in thesoil in a successive corn and sorghum silage area. Two experiments were carried out with five successive crops from2013 to 2016 (three maize and two sorghum crops). The experiment used a randomized complete block design withfour replications. The treatments were 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1 of P2O5 in the experiment I and 0, 30, 60, 90 and120 kg ha-1 K2O in the experiment II, applied to each crop. The nutrient balance in the maize and sorghum successionsystem indicated 95.3 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and 297.3 kg ha-1 of K2O to compensate the exports of nutrients, corresponding tothe need to replace 5.2 kg of P2O5 and 15.7 kg of K2O per megagram of dry matter produced. The use of replenishmentrates during five successive fodder crops maintained the availability of P near and K above the original contents in the0-20 cm layer.Keywords: Zea mays L., Sorghum bicolor L., Moench., forage, nutrient export.

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIVITAS BIO-ORGANIC FERTILIZER (PUPUK ORGANIK HAYATI) DALAM MENSUBSTITUSI KEBUTUHAN PUPUK ANORGANIK PADA TANAMAN SWEET SORGHUM [SORGHUM BICOLOR (L.) MOENCH]

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester LN Lumbantobing ◽  
Fahrizal Hazra ◽  
Iswandi Anas
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crop Height ◽  
Green House ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

<p>The aim of research was to examine the effectiveness of bio-organic fertilizer to substitute inorganic fertilizer necessity on sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] vegetative growth. This research was carried out in the University Farm green house Cikabayan and in the Leuwikopo Experiment Field, Institut Pertanian Bogor. The green house experiment used completely randomized design with six treatments, namely: 1. No fertilizer (control), 2. 100%NPK, 3. 50%N + DOP, 4. 50%NPK + Fertismart, 5. 50%NPK + Ponti, dan 6. 50%NPK + Biost. The field experiment used completely randomizes block design with seven treatments, namely: 1. No fertilizer (control), 2. 50%NPK, 3. 100%NPK, 4. 50%N + DOP, 5. 50%NPK + Fertismart, 6. 50%NPK + Ponti, and 7. 50%NPK + Biost. Materials which was used were super sugar variety, NPK fertilizers, bio-organic fertilizer Fertismart, Ponti, Biost, and organic fertilizer Double Organic Phosphate (DOP).<br />The results of greeen house research showed that bio-organic fertilizer could increase crop height, number of leaves, wet weight upper crop, dry weight upper crop, wet weight root, and dry weight root of sweet sorghum than control and same with treatment of 100%NPK. Treatment of 50%NPK + Biost could increase crop height (47.8%) than control and same with treatment of 100%NPK. Treatment of 50%NPK + Ponti increase dry weight root (59%) than control and same with treatment of 100%NPK.<br />The results of field research showed that bio-organic fertilizer Fertismart could increase wet weight upper crop, crop height (42.8%) and number of leaves (39.5%) than control, and same with 100%NPK. It means that bio-organic fertilizer could substitute about 50% inorganic necessity on sweet sorghum.<br />Keywords: bio-organic fertilizer, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, phosphate solubilizing microbes.<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Heritability and Correlation Studies in Fifty Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Accessions Collected from Southern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
O. D. Alade ◽  
A. C. Odiyi ◽  
L. S. Fayeun ◽  
B. O. Akinyele ◽  
A. B. Obilana
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
Character Association ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important food crop in southern Nigeria with high genetic variability. However, this variability is not characterized. Fifty sorghum accessions collected from different states in southern Nigeria were evaluated for eleven agronomic characters to determine the extent of genetic variability and character association among the accessions. The experiments were laid in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) Ondo State and Federal College of Agriculture Ishiagu research farm during the rainy season of 2018 and 2019. Data were collected on eleven quantitative traits for genetic variability and character association. Panicle weight had the highest GCV (24.96%) and PCV (30.61%). Ten out of the eleven traits have heritability estimates above 50% which implies an opportunity for improvement among the traits with the number of days to 50% heading having the highest (98.84%). Correlation analysis showed significant and positive association among growth, flowering traits and head traits. The strong positive correlation coefficients of plant height with all the traits implies that simultaneous selection for these traits is possible for improvement in sorghum genotypes for fodder and grain traits.

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