scholarly journals Myocardial Regeneration via Progenitor Cell-Derived Exosomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janita A. Maring ◽  
Christien M. Beez ◽  
Volkmar Falk ◽  
Martina Seifert ◽  
Christof Stamm
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Application ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Therapy ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research

In the past 20 years, a variety of cell products has been evaluated in terms of their capacity to treat patients with acute myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure. Despite initial enthusiasm, therapeutic efficacy has overall been disappointing, and clinical application is costly and complex. Recently, a subset of small extracellular vesicles (EVs), commonly referred to as “exosomes,” was shown to confer cardioprotective and regenerative signals at a magnitude similar to that of their donor cells. The conceptual advantage is that they may be produced in industrial quantities and stored at the point-of-care for off-the-shelf application, ideally without eliciting a relevant recipient immune response or other adverse effects associated with viable cells. The body of evidence on beneficial exosome-mediated effects in animal models of heart diseases is rapidly growing. However, there is significant heterogeneity in terms of exosome source cells, isolation process, therapeutic dosage, and delivery mode. This review summarizes the current state of research on exosomes as experimental therapy of heart diseases and seeks to identify roadblocks that need to be overcome prior to clinical application.

Wearable Power Assist Robot Driven with Pneumatic Rubber Artificial Muscles

2016 ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiro Noritsugu
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research

Recently, the attention has been focused on developing a wearable power assist robot by installing an actuator, such as motors, in the body and assisting and enhancing muscular power; there has been a considerable increase in research and development in some institutes and companies worldwide. Various types of wearable power assist robots have been proposed to support the upper and lower limbs, waist, and so on, which are to be used for the operational support of elderly and disabled people, nursing care work, and heavy lifting work in production sites. Some of them have been commercialized and their promotions have been advanced. Their social needs are extremely high, and there is an expectation of further improvements of assisting effect, installation performance, safety and convenience and affordability. In this paper, after the current state of research and development of this kind of robot is outlined, and our researches on pneumatic rubber artificial muscles, exoskeleton type standing motion assist devices, and wearable, lightweight, and soft power assist robots without an exoskeleton are introduced.

scholarly journals The Dharmaputrikā Saṃhitā: Preliminary Notes on an Early Text on Yoga

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 5-76
Author(s):  
Christèle Barois ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Ancient Text ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Text ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
High Level ◽  
Indian Medicine

This essay aims to present the current state of research on the Dharmaputrikā Saṃhitā, an ancient text on yoga which describes, with an exceptional depth of detail and a high level of bodily technicality, internal yogic practices. The study of the Dharmaputrikā Saṃhitā was initiated as part of the ERC-funded AyurYog project, which was led by Dagmar Wujastyk (2015–2020), whose central aim was to examine the link between yoga and classical Indian medicine, two distinct fields of knowledge in the Sanskrit tradition. Not only does chapter Ten (called yogacikitsā) of the Dharmaputrikā Saṃhitā describe “therapy in the context of yoga practice,” but it also appears to integrate within its discourse the practice’s physical and mental effects on the body at each stage of the yoga process, thus reflecting an empirical knowledge of physiology. This essay introduces the dating, authorship, textual history, and reception of the text. It provides preliminary research on parallel passages in other works, and proposes that the Dharmaputrikā Saṃhitā is a textual testimony of ancient yoga practices referred to as the “yoga of Hiraṇyagarbha.” On the basis of the critical edition, which is yet to be published, it offers the reader an annotated and detailed summary of the work’s content, along with various discussions of important questions raised by broader considerations on the history of ancient yoga.

scholarly journals Infectious hepatitis in dogs (state of the problem)

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
G. Zon ◽  
L. Ivanovska ◽  
I. Zon
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Infectious Hepatitis ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Myocardial Dystrophy ◽  
Multiple Blood ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Test Use

The paper contains data regarding current state of research and author opinion on realization of diagnostics and therapy improvement in case of infectious hepatitis in dogs based on the form of the disease. A study of worldwide practice and a summary of personal experience of the aspects of clinical manifestation, diagnostics and treatment methods for canine hepatitis have been performed. According to our research canine infectious hepatitis in Sumy region is usually found in dogs at 1-3 (44%) years of age, less of ten at 5-8 (28%) years. The quantity of cases at 3-8 y.o. is 17% and in animals younger than  1 year – 11%. After being introduced into the body, the virus replicates in the regional lymph nodes then appears in the blood (viremia), after 2-3 days it forms masses of core inclusions (Rubart’s bodies) – big, round, acidophilic masses in capillary and vein endothelium in all the organs, especially liver and spleen. As a result liver dystrophy occurs and general body intoxication follows. Further development of the process results in renal and myocardial dystrophy,appearance of multiple blood effusions on mucous and serous membranes. After the neural centers of the brain and spine are being affected the locomotion disorders are observed.At the stage of acute clinical signs the virus is present in blood and all the exudates, while being observed only in kidneys and urine later. The incubation period of spontaneous hepatitis lasts about 6 to 9 days. Currently there are some cases of an acute and peracute course but chronic and latent courses are prevalent. The organ lesions depend on the severity and course of the disease. Infectious hepatitis is being diagnosed based on epizootological, clinical, pathological and laboratory study data as well as virological research and biological test. Use of a treatment regimen including polyvalent serum, anfluron, cobactan, difeniramine, metoclopramide, furosemide, hepavikel, and crystalline IV solutions allowed shorteningofthe treatment period in comparison to average.

scholarly journals Nicotinamide Riboside—The Current State of Research and Therapeutic Uses

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Mehmel ◽  
Nina Jovanović ◽  
Urs Spitz
Keyword(s):  
Health Benefits ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Nicotinamide Riboside ◽  
Current State ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Published Research

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) has recently become one of the most studied nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursors, due to its numerous potential health benefits mediated via elevated NAD+ content in the body. NAD+ is an essential coenzyme that plays important roles in various metabolic pathways and increasing its overall content has been confirmed as a valuable strategy for treating a wide variety of pathophysiological conditions. Accumulating evidence on NRs’ health benefits has validated its efficiency across numerous animal and human studies for the treatment of a number of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders. As the prevalence and morbidity of these conditions increases in modern society, the great necessity has arisen for a rapid translation of NR to therapeutic use and further establishment of its availability as a nutritional supplement. Here, we summarize currently available data on NR effects on metabolism, and several neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders, through to its application as a treatment for specific pathophysiological conditions. In addition, we have reviewed newly published research on the application of NR as a potential therapy against infections with several pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, to support rapid NR translation to therapeutics, the challenges related to its bioavailability and safety are addressed, together with the advantages of NR to other NAD+ precursors.

The use of Body Surface Index as a Better Clinical Health indicators Compare to Body Mass Index and Body Surface Area for Clinical Application

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Shirazu I. ◽  
Theophilus. A. Sackey ◽  
Elvis K. Tiburu ◽  
Mensah Y. B. ◽  
Forson A.
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Individual Body

The relationship between body height and body weight has been described by using various terms. Notable among them is the body mass index, body surface area, body shape index and body surface index. In clinical setting the first descriptive parameter is the BMI scale, which provides information about whether an individual body weight is proportionate to the body height. Since the development of BMI, two other body parameters have been developed in an attempt to determine the relationship between body height and weight. These are the body surface area (BSA) and body surface index (BSI). Generally, these body parameters are described as clinical health indicators that described how healthy an individual body response to the other internal organs. The aim of the study is to discuss the use of BSI as a better clinical health indicator for preclinical assessment of body-organ/tissue relationship. Hence organ health condition as against other body composition. In addition the study is `also to determine the best body parameter the best predict other parameters for clinical application. The model parameters are presented as; modeled height and weight; modelled BSI and BSA, BSI and BMI and modeled BSA and BMI. The models are presented as clinical application software for comfortable working process and designed as GUI and CAD for use in clinical application.

Culturally Responsive Pedagogy in Mathematics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 145-158
Author(s):  
Kenta Nagasawa
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Teacher Education ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
Latino Students ◽  
Culturally Responsive Pedagogy ◽  
Mathematics Teacher Education ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Current State ◽  
Responsive Pedagogy ◽  
State Of Research

Purpose: This paper is a thematic literature review to examine the current state of research about Culturally Responsive Pedagogy in mathematics. The main themes are students’ perception, teacher education for pre-service teacher and professional development for teachers. Research methods/ approach: Literature was collected from Eric, which is a research engine of the education field. Also, Google Scholar is used to find articles of major scholars introduced by Dr. Rich Milner, who is the instructor of this course. Findings: Students faced microaggressions in mathematics class, which discouraged them to learn mathematics. The effect of teacher education was inconsistent in terms of the awareness of culturally responsive pedagogy and lesson plans. Research of professional development mentioned that mathematics was cultural. Implications for research and practice: It is more interesting to conduct long term or follow-up research to find the teacher’s practice after a taking professional development program. Also, it is critical to expand research scope besides African American and Latino students. Finally, evidence-based research is needed to change the political situation. Keywords: culturally responsive teaching, mathematics, teacher education, professional development, student’s perception

Editorial

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
João José Pinto Ferreira ◽  
Anne-Laure Mention ◽  
Marko Torkkeli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Education Research ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Successive Generations

The expansion of human knowledge in all areas is largely the outcome of the activity of academic institutions and the result of their mission to contribute to the cultural, intellectual and economic development of the society, involving education, research and university extension activities. For many years, the academic community has been organizing itself in all different ways to respond to current and future needs, ensuring research integrity and recognition, and building on successive generations of peers to validate and support the launching and development of novel research streams. We owe the current state of research and development of our society to generations of scholars and scientists that have brought all of us here.(...)

ORGANOPHOSPHORUS NEUROTOXINS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya Andriyanova ◽  
Aslanli Aslanli ◽  
Nataliya Basova ◽  
Viktor Bykov ◽  
Sergey Varfolomeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Protection ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physicochemical Biology ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physicochemical Methods ◽  
State Of Research

The collective monograph is devoted to discussing the history of creation, studying the properties, neutralizing and using organophosphorus neurotoxins, which include chemical warfare agents, agricultural crop protection chemical agents (herbicides and insecticides) and medicines. The monograph summarizes the results of current scientific research and new prospects for the development of this field of knowledge in the 21st century, including the use of modern physicochemical methods for experimental study and theoretical analysis of biocatalysis and its mechanisms based on molecular modeling with supercomputer power. The book is intended for specialists who are interested in the current state of research in the field of organophosphorus neurotoxins. The monograph will be useful for students, graduate students, researchers specializing in the field of physical chemistry, physicochemical biology, chemical enzymology, toxicology, biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics, biotechnology, nanotechnology and biomedicine.

DEVELOPMENT OF A DEVICE FOR CONTROL OF THE STATE OF THE ORGANISM BASED ON PHOTOPLETISMOGRAPHY USING TECHNOLOGIES OF DIGITAL ADAPTIVE FILTRATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Алексей Дмитриевич Акишин ◽  
Иван Павлович Семчук ◽  
Александр Петрович Николаев
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Adaptive Filtering ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Optimal Algorithm ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
The Body ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Постоянно растущий интерес к разработке новых неинвазивных и безманжетных методов измерения параметров сердечной деятельности, использование которых давало бы возможность непрерывного и удаленного контроля сердечно-сосудистой системы, обуславливает актуальность данной работы. В многочисленных публикациях продолжаются обсуждения преимуществ и недостатков различных методов ранней диагностики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Однако артефакты движения являются сильной помехой, мешающей точной оценке показателей функционирования сердечно-сосудистой системы. Одним из перспективных методов контроля является метод оценки физиологических параметров с использованием фотоплетизмографии. Данная статья посвящена разработке устройства для фотоплетизмографических исследований и алгоритмических методов обработки регистрируемых сигналов для обеспечения мониторинга сердечного ритма с заданной точностью. В работе используются технологии цифровой адаптивной фильтрации полученных сигналов для мониторинга сердечного ритма в условиях внешних механических и электрических помеховых воздействий, ухудшающих точностные характеристики системы, а также разработана архитектура системы и изготовлен макет устройства, который позволил провести измерения для определения оптимального алгоритма цифровой обработки сигналов. При использовании устройства применялись методы адаптивной фильтрации на основе фильтров Винера, фильтров на основе метода наименьших квадратов и Калмановской фильтрации. Разработанное устройство для фотоплетизмографических исследований обеспечило возможность мониторинга сердечного ритма с заданной точностью, контроля текущего состояния организма и может быть использовано в качестве средства диагностики заболеваний сердца The constantly growing interest in the development of new non-invasive and cuff-free methods for measuring the parameters of cardiac activity, the use of which would give the possibility of continuous and remote monitoring of the cardiovascular system, determines the relevance of this work. Numerous publications continue to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various methods of early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. However, motion artifacts are a strong hindrance to the accurate assessment of the performance of the cardiovascular system. One of the promising control methods is the method for assessing physiological parameters using photoplethysmography. This article is devoted to the development of a device for photoplethysmographic studies and algorithmic methods for processing recorded signals to ensure monitoring of the heart rate with a given accuracy. The work uses technologies of digital adaptive filtering of the received signals to monitor the heart rate in conditions of external mechanical and electrical interference, which worsen the accuracy characteristics of the system, as well as the architecture of the system and a prototype of the device, which made it possible to carry out measurements to determine the optimal algorithm for digital signal processing. When using the device, the methods of adaptive filtering based on Wiener filters, filters based on the least squares method and Kalman filtering were used. The developed device for photoplethysmographic studies provided the ability to monitor the heart rate with a given accuracy, control the current state of the body and can be used as a means of diagnosing heart diseases

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