scholarly journals Radix Bupleuri: A Review of Traditional Uses, Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fude Yang ◽  
Xiaoxv Dong ◽  
Xingbin Yin ◽  
Wenping Wang ◽  
Longtai You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Radix Bupleuri ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Radix Bupleuri (Chaihu) has been used as a traditional medicine for more than 2000 years in China, Japan, Korea, and other Asian countries. Phytochemical studies demonstrated that this plant contains essential oils, triterpenoid saponins, polyacetylenes, flavonoids, lignans, fatty acids, and sterols. Crude extracts and pure compounds isolated from Radix Bupleuri exhibited various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antipyretic, antimicrobial, antiviral, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory effects. However, Radix Bupleuri could also lead to hepatotoxicity, particularly in high doses and with long-term use. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that the major bioactive compounds (saikosaponins a, b2, c, and d) were absorbed rapidly in rats after oral administration of the extract of Radix Bupleuri. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmacokinetics of Radix Bupleuri reported to date with an emphasis on its biological properties and mechanisms of action.

scholarly journals A Review of the Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of the Genus Santolina

Planta Medica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (09/10) ◽  
pp. 627-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Tundis ◽  
Monica Loizzo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Mediterranean Flora ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Analgesic Activities ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe genus Santolina is a taxonomically complex group of plant species widely distributed in the Mediterranean flora and used in traditional medicine since ancient times for their biological properties, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, digestive, and analgesic activities. Phytochemical investigations of Santolina species have revealed the presence of terpenoids as the main bioactive constituents of the genus. Coumarins and flavonoids were also identified. This review deals, for the first time, with information on the traditional uses, chemical profile, and biological properties of plants of the genus Santolina in order to provide input for future research prospects.

scholarly journals Traditional Uses, Chemical Profile and Biological Activities of Piper hispidum Sw.: a Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 13115-13129
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Benzoic Acids ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Piper hispidum Sw. (Piperaceae) (syn. Piper hispidinervum) is a medicinal shrub distributed in Central and South America, widely used as an astringent, diuretic, stimulant for unblocking the liver and stopping hemorrhages. The plant has great interest among researchers due to the production of essential oil and important raw material for the chemical industry, which has a high demand for cosmetic, insecticide, and pesticide industries. In this review, traditional uses, phytochemicals, and biological activities of P. hispidum are comprehensively and systematically summarized through searching scientific databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of amides, benzoic acids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, butenolides, phenol, and essential oils; hence it has several activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, α-amylase, insecticidal, schistosomicidal, leishmanial, larvicidal, antiplasmodial, cytotoxicity, estrogenic and serotonergic properties. This review is expected to draw the attention of medical professionals and the general public towards P. hispidum as well as to open the door for detailed research in the future.

scholarly journals A Review of the Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses, and Biological Activities of the Genus Ballota and Otostegia

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (11/12) ◽  
pp. 869-910
Author(s):  
Sergio Rosselli ◽  
Gianfranco Fontana ◽  
Maurizio Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractThe 2 genera Ballota and Otostegia, belonging to the Lamiaceae family, are closely related taxonomically and found mainly in the Mediterranean area, Middle East, and North Africa. Since ancient times, they have been largely employed in traditional medicine for their biological properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, insecticidal, anti-malaria, etc. Phytochemical investigations of Ballota and Otostegia species have revealed that diterpenoids are the main constituents of the genera. A large number of flavonoids and other metabolites were also identified. This review, covering literature from 1911 up to 2018, includes traditional uses, chemical profiles (both of volatile and nonvolatile metabolites), and biological properties of all the taxa of these 2 genera studied to date.

A Review of the Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses and Biological Activities of the Essential Oils of Genus Teucrium

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Gagliano Candela ◽  
Sergio Rosselli ◽  
Maurizio Bruno ◽  
Gianfranco Fontana
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Complete Survey ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Chemotaxonomic Markers ◽  
Clerodane Diterpenoids ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

AbstractThe genus Teucrium is a large and polymorphic genus of the Lamiaceae family distributed in mild climate zones, particularly in the Mediterranean basin and Central Asia. Studies of nonvolatile constituents of Teucrium species showed that they are a rich source of neo-clerodane diterpenoids, considered as chemotaxonomic markers of the genus. In addition to the nonvolatile metabolites, there has been a large interest in the essential oils of this genus. In this review, a complete survey of the chemical composition and biological properties of the essential oils isolated from Teucrium taxa is provided. In traditional medicine, since ancient times, species of this genus have been widely implemented for their biological properties, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, insecticidal, anti-malaria, etc. Therefore, a complete review of all of the traditional uses of Teucrium taxa are also reported.

scholarly journals HPLC-Guided Isolation, Purification and Characterization of Phenylpropanoid and Phenolic Constituents of Nutmeg Kernel (Myristica fragrans)

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Chiu ◽  
Thomas Wang ◽  
Martin Belski ◽  
Ehab A. Abourashed
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Chromatographic Purification ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Available Technology

Many studies on the biological activities of nutmeg continue to appear in the literature. The most common targets include GIT, CNS, oxidative stress and inflammation. However, results obtained from most studies are often inconsistent due to the variability of utilized samples, lack of standardized nutmeg products or insufficient amounts of pure compounds for comprehensive follow-up investigation. To address the consistency and supply issue we utilized available technology to develop a reproducible procedure for preparation of specific extracts and isolation of the major phenolic constituents present in nutmeg kernel. A well-defined and reproducible sequence of extraction, fractionation and chromatographic purification was adopted and was guided by HPLC fingerprinting. Spectroscopic methods, mainly NMR, and mass spectrometry were utilized to identify each compound. Thirteen compounds were isolated in a pure form and identified as: elemicin (1), isoelemicin (2), myristicin (4), surinamensin (5), malabaricone C (6), 2-(3′-allyl-2′,6′-dimethoxy-phenyloxy)-1-acetoxy-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-propyl ester (7), methoxylicarin A (8), licarin A (9), malabaricone B (10), licarin C (11), 5′-methoxylicarin B (12), licarin B (13), and 2-(3′-allyl-2′,6′-dimethoxy-phenyloxy)-1-methyl-5-methoxy-1,2-dihydrobenzofuran (3, a new compound). With repeated isolation runs, these pure compounds can be prepared in quantities sufficient for biological evaluation as needed. The availability of purified compounds will also allow the development of specific, accurate, and sensitive analytical procedures for pharmacokinetic studies and for quality control of nutmeg products. Both aspects are essential for nutmeg-focused drug discovery. The same approach can also be adapted to other medicinal plants of potential interest.

scholarly journals Bergenia Genus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5555
Author(s):  
Bhupendra Koul ◽  
Arvind Kumar ◽  
Dhananjay Yadav ◽  
Jun-O. Jin
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Pharmacological Significance ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Bergenia (Saxifragaceae) genus is native to central Asia and encompasses 32 known species. Among these, nine are of pharmacological relevance. In the Indian system of traditional medicine (Ayurveda), “Pashanabheda” (stone breaker) is an elite drug formulation obtained from the rhizomes of B. ligulata. Bergenia species also possess several other biological activities like diuretic, antidiabetic, antitussive, insecticidal, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anti-bradykinin, antiviral, antibacterial, antimalarial, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, anticancer, antioxidant, antiobesity, and adaptogenic. This review provides explicit information on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological significance of the genus Bergenia. The extant literature concerned was systematically collected from various databases, weblinks, blogs, books, and theses to select 174 references for detailed analysis. To date, 152 chemical constituents have been identified and characterized from the genus Bergenia that belong to the chemical classes of polyphenols, phenolic-glycosides, lactones, quinones, sterols, tannins, terpenes, and others. B. crassifolia alone possesses 104 bioactive compounds. Meticulous pharmacological and phytochemical studies on Bergenia species and its conservation could yield more reliable compounds and products of pharmacological significance for better healthcare.

scholarly journals Caesalpinia ferrea C. Mart. (Fabaceae) Phytochemistry, Ethnobotany, and Bioactivities: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 3831
Author(s):  
Nair Silva Macêdo ◽  
Zildene de Sousa Silveira ◽  
Antonio Henrique Bezerra ◽  
José Galberto Martins da Costa ◽  
Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Popular Medicine ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Toxicological Profile ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Caesalpinia ferrea C. Mart., popularly known as “Jucá” or “Pau-ferro”, belongs to the Fabaceae family, and is classified as a native and endemic species in Brazil. Numerous studies that portray its ethnobotany, chemical composition, and biological activities exist in the literature. The present study aimed to systematically review publications addressing the botanical aspects, uses in popular medicine, phytochemical composition, and bioactivities of C. ferrea. The searches focused on publications from 2015 to March 2020 using the Scopus, Periódicos Capes, PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases. The leaves, fruits, seeds, and bark from C. ferrea are used in popular medicine to treat disorders affecting several systems, including the circulatory, immune, cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, and conjunctive systems. The most commonly found chemical classes in phytochemical studies are flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and other phenolic compounds. The biological properties of the extracts and isolated compounds of C. ferrea most cited in the literature were antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and healing potential. However, further studies are still needed to clarify a link between its traditional uses, the active compounds, and the reported pharmacological activities, as well as detailed research to determine the toxicological profile of C. ferrea.

scholarly journals Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivities ofCananga odorata(Ylang-Ylang)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loh Teng Hern Tan ◽  
Learn Han Lee ◽  
Wai Fong Yin ◽  
Chim Kei Chan ◽  
Habsah Abdul Kadir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Cananga Odorata

Ylang-ylang (Cananga odorataHook. F. & Thomson) is one of the plants that are exploited at a large scale for its essential oil which is an important raw material for the fragrance industry. The essential oils extracted via steam distillation from the plant have been used mainly in cosmetic industry but also in food industry. Traditionally,C. odoratais used to treat malaria, stomach ailments, asthma, gout, and rheumatism. The essential oils or ylang-ylang oil is used in aromatherapy and is believed to be effective in treating depression, high blood pressure, and anxiety. Many phytochemical studies have identified the constituents present in the essential oils ofC. odorata. A wide range of chemical compounds including monoterpene, sesquiterpenes, and phenylpropanoids have been isolated from this plant. Recent studies have shown a wide variety of bioactivities exhibited by the essential oils and the extracts ofC. odorataincluding antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory, antivector, insect-repellent, antidiabetic, antifertility and antimelanogenesis activities. Thus, the present review summarizes the information concerning the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities ofC. odorata. This review is aimed at demonstrating thatC. odoratanot only is an important raw material for perfume industry but also considered as a prospective useful plant to agriculture and medicine.

1608: Long-Term Treatment with High Doses of Sildenafil Does Not Up-Regulate the Levels of Phosphodiesterase 5 (Pde5) in the Rat Penis

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 424-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica G. Ferrini ◽  
Eliane G. Valente ◽  
Jacob Rajfer ◽  
Nestor F. Gonzalez-Cadavid
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5

Diverse chemical and biological potentials of various pyridazine and pyridazinone derivatives

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Industrial Chemical ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pyridazinone Derivatives

A series of heterocyclic compounds incorporating pyridazine moiety were for diverse biological activities. Pyridazines and pyridazinones derivatives showed wide spectrum of biological activities such as vasodialator, cardiotonic, anticonvulsant, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-feedant, herbicidal, and various other biological, agrochemical and industrial chemical activities. The results illustrated that the synthesized pyridazine/pyridazine compounds have diverse and significant biological activities. Mechanistic insights into the biological properties of pyridazinone derivatives and various synthetic techniques used for their synthesis are also described.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document