scholarly journals Effect of Excess Iodide Intake on Salivary Glands in a Swiss Albino Mice Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Romina Ross ◽  
Emanuel Fabersani ◽  
Matías Russo ◽  
Alba Gómez ◽  
Hugo Japaze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Excess Iodine ◽  
Excess Iodide

Iodine is an important micronutrient required for nutrition. Excess iodine has adverse effects on thyroid, but there is not enough information regarding its effect on salivary glands. In addition to food and iodized salt, skin disinfectants and maternal nutritional supplements contain iodide, so its intake could be excessive during pregnancy, lactation, and infancy. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of excess iodide ingestion on salivary glands during mating, gestation, lactation, and postweaning period in mouse. During assay, mice were allocated into groups: control and treatment groups (received distilled water with NaI 1 mg/mL). Water intake, glandular weight, and histology were analyzed. Treatment groups showed an increase in glandular weight and a significantly (p < 0.05) higher water intake than control groups. Lymphocyte infiltration was observed in animals of treatment groups, while there was no infiltration in glandular sections of control groups. Results demonstrated that a negative relationship could exist between iodide excess and salivary glands. This work is novel evidence that high levels of iodide intake could induce mononuclear infiltration in salivary glands. These results should be considered, especially in pregnant/lactating women, to whom a higher iodine intake is usually recommended.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Monitoring of Adrenocortical Activity in Three Sympatric Desert Gerbil Species

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Álvaro Navarro-Castilla ◽  
Mario Garrido ◽  
Hadas Hawlena ◽  
Isabel Barja
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Endocrine Status ◽  
Corticosterone Metabolites ◽  
Small Sample Sizes ◽  
Fecal Corticosterone Metabolites

The study of the endocrine status can be useful to understand wildlife responses to the changing environment. Here, we validated an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to non-invasively monitor adrenocortical activity by measuring fecal corticosterone metabolites (FCM) in three sympatric gerbil species (Gerbillus andersoni, G. gerbillus and G. pyramidum) from the Northwestern Negev Desert’s sands (Israel). Animals included into treatment groups were injected with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to stimulate adrenocortical activity, while control groups received a saline solution. Feces were collected at different intervals and FCM were quantified by an EIA. Basal FCM levels were similar in the three species. The ACTH effect was evidenced, but the time of FCM peak concentrations appearance differed between the species (6–24 h post-injection). Furthermore, FCM peak values were observed sooner in G. andersoni females than in males (6 h and 18 h post-injection, respectively). G. andersoni and G. gerbillus males in control groups also increased FCM levels (18 h and 48 h post-injection, respectively). Despite the small sample sizes, our results confirmed the EIA suitability for analyzing FCM in these species as a reliable indicator of the adrenocortical activity. This study also revealed that close species, and individuals within a species, can respond differently to the same stressor.

scholarly journals Iodine, Seaweed, and the Thyroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Peter P.A. Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Cloud Formation ◽  
Cancer Prevalence ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Salt Iodization ◽  
Excess Iodine ◽  
A Minor

<b><i>Backgound:</i></b> Even a minor iodine deficiency can result in adverse thyroidal health consequences while excess iodine intake can also result in thyroid function disorders. One source of iodine is seaweed which as a foodstuff is enjoying an increasing profile in Western countries. Apart from its potential involvement in thyroidal health, gaseous iodine released from seaweeds plays a significant role in influencing coastal climate through cloud formation. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Sources of dietary iodine, its assessment, recommended dietary intake, and consequences of iodine excess are outlined. The benefits and possible dangers of dietary intake of iodine-rich seaweed are described. Studies linking seaweed intake to breast cancer prevalence are discussed as is the role of gaseous iodine released from seaweeds influencing weather patterns and contributing to iodine intake in coastal populations. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Universal salt iodization remains the optimum method of achieving optimum iodine status. Promoting increased dietary iodine intake is recommended in young women, in early pregnancy, and in vegan and vegetarian diets. Even where iodine intake is enhanced, regular assessment of iodine status is necessary. Caution against consumption of brown seaweeds (kelps) is required as even small amounts can have antithyroid actions while product labelling may be insufficient. Gaseous iodine produced from seaweeds can have a significant effect on cloud formation and associated global warming/cooling. Increased overall iodine deposition through rainfall and apparent uptake in populations dwelling in seaweed-rich coastal regions may provide a partial natural remedy to global iodine deficits.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Terapi AIUEO terhadap Kemampuan Bicara Pasien Stroke yang Mengalami Afasia Motorik

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Afnijar Wahyu ◽  
Liza Wati ◽  
Murad Fajri
Keyword(s):  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Motor Aphasia ◽  
A Value ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of AIUEO therapy on the speech ability of stroke patients who have motor aphasia in Raja Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang. The research design used was quasi experiment with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design approach to 9 respondents who were divided into 9 treatment groups and 9 control groups. The results showed that there were significant differences in the functional ability of communication between the control and treatment groups with a value of p <0.05 (p = 0.007 at a = 0.05) using the Wilcoxon Test statistical test. Conclusion, the influence of AIUEO therapy on the speech ability of stroke patients with motor aphasia in the treatment and control groups at Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang.   Keywords: Speech Ability, Motor Aphasia Stroke, AIUEO Therapy

scholarly journals PENGARUH SENAM OTAK TERHADAP PENINGKATAN MOTORIK KASAR PADA ANAK USIA 4-6 TAHUN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Lina Madyastuti R ◽  
Retno Twistiandayani ◽  
Arifatul Widya Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Brain Gym ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Motor Improvement ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Children aged 4-6 years the most prominent development is motor, motor is closely related to physical activity. Gross motor is the development of motion control through the coordinated between the nerves, brain and spinal cord. One way to optimize the use of all the dimensions of the brain is brain gymnastics. Doing brain gym is one type of nonfarmacologis therapy that serves to improve the gross motor. The purpose of this study was to the effect of brain gym on gross motor improvement in children aged 4-6 years. This research method  used Quasy experimentalwith two control groups and treatment groups. Sample was selected using the Purposive Sampling method. Samples obtained as many 30 children. Independent variable in this study ware brain gym, while the dependent variable in this study was the change rough motor of children aged 4-6 years. Data collected before and after the intervention. Analysis used of the data used stastical test of  Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test with the  value <0.05. The results of research showed value significant (2-tailed) = 0.001 meaning there was influence of brain gym to the increase of gross motor in children aged 4-6 years. By giving the brain gym will provide stimulation of the brain so as to improve the coordination of the eyes and hands that can improve the development of gross motor in children.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Dysfunction in EAE Mice Brains and Impact of HIF1-α Induction to Compensate Energy Loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Mosavimehr ◽  
Seyed Alireza Mesbah-Namin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Control Groups

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved in the process of degradation and death of gray matter cells of the central nervous system (CNS) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is known as a chronic, progressive demyelinating disease of the CNS. Objectives: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS is the best method for extracting data trend for diagnosing this disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate the specific activity of the Cytochrome oxidase (COX), ATP, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in brain tissues of the EAE mice model. Methods: Twenty-one female mice (C57BL/6) were used, 9 for inducing the EAE model and 6 for each of both negative and sham control groups. The specific activity of the COX, ATP, and HIF-1α levels were evaluated in the whole brain of all 3 mice groups. Results: According to the findings, specific COX activity and ATP levels were decreased significantly, which could be due to the mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal loss in MS lesions, whereas HIF-1α levels increased significantly in the EAE mice group, compared to the sham and negative control groups. The significant increase of HIF-1α levels reinforces the hypothesis that the HIF-1α induction may provide prevention of neuronal death by compensating energy loss under hypoxia-like conditions in EAE mice brains. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that HIF-1α induction may also be a potential target for controlling the progression of MS, or the development of HIF-1α inducing compounds could be a potential candidate for the management of this disease and provide a rationale to conduct further research in this area.

scholarly journals Influence of prebiotics in pigs nutrition on body weight and content of Escherichia coli in feces

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Mirjana Delic-Jovic
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
F1 Generation ◽  
Measurement Period

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of prebiotics in the diet of piglets after weaning on the increase in the average weight of experimental animals between female (?) and male (?) piglets, dynamically by weeks of experiment, as well as on the presence of Escherichia coli in faeces. The experiment included piglets at weaning, aged about 26 days. The F1 generation was used, which was created by crossing Landrace sows and Pietren boars. The piglets were fed for 56 days (8 weeks). Four groups were formed, each group was composed of 10 piglets (5 females and 5 males) with different concentrations of prebiotics and controls, in two replicates, a total of 100 experimental animals. Feed mixtures consisting of the same nutrients were used in the diet. Control groups (OA and OB) were fed with ordinary feed mixture, without the addition of additives, groups (IA and IB) with the addition of Bio-Mos prebiotics, in a concentration of 0.1%, groups (II-A and II- B) with 0.2%, groups (III-A and III-B) with 0.3% and groups (IV-A and IV-B) were fed with the addition of prebiotics in a concentration of 0.4%. It was concluded that the differences observed in the average weight between ? and ? piglets in any measurement period were not statistically significant. However, the best results in terms of average weight were given by the highest used concentrations of prebiotics in food, 0.4% and 0.3%. The preparation had a positive effect in terms of reducing the number of Escherichia coli bacteria in the digestive tract of piglets in all treatment groups by 42 to 320 times.

scholarly journals Suboptimal Iodine Concentration in Breastmilk and Inadequate Iodine Intake among Lactating Women in Norway

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrun Henjum ◽  
Anne Lilleengen ◽  
Inger Aakre ◽  
Anna Dudareva ◽  
Elin Gjengedal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Lactating Women

Effect of water restriction on urinary concentrating ability of K-depleted rats

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (5) ◽  
pp. 912-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Blythe ◽  
Margaret Newton ◽  
Fernando Lazcano ◽  
Louis G. Welt
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potassium Depletion ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Urinary Concentrating Ability ◽  
Excessive Water ◽  
Urine Concentrating Ability ◽  
Concentrating Defect

In order to test the possibility that the urinary concentrating defect associated with potassium depletion results from excessive water intake that accompanies potassium depletion, water intake was restricted in one half of a group of rats undergoing potassium depletion. The other one half of the group was allowed to drink ad libitum After 14 days, ability to concentrate the urine was tested in both groups as well as in two groups of control rats, one of which was allowed to drink ad libitum and the other having water intake restricted. Although both potassium-depleted groups concentrated urine less than the control groups, there was no difference in urine-concentrating ability between the two potassium-depleted groups. It is concluded that the urinary concentrating defect in potassium depletion is not due to excessive water intake.

scholarly journals Decreased Sarcopenia in Aged Females with Young Ovary Transplants was Preserved in Mice that Received Germ Cell-Depleted Young Ovaries

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Habermehl ◽  
Jeffrey B. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Health Span ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aging Health ◽  
Grip Test

Previously, transplantation of young, cycling, ovaries increased life and health span in post-reproductive female mice. The current study addressed the influence of ovarian germ cells in the improvement in health by performing transplantations of young, germ cell-depleted ovaries. The purpose of this study is to further the understanding of reproductive influences on aging health. Control mice were grouped by age. Treatment mice were age-matched and received either germ cell depleted ovaries or germ cell containing ovaries at 400 days of age. All groups underwent health span assays until sacrifice (treatment and age-matched control groups were between 680 and 700 days). Body composition results displayed an improvement of body composition in both treatment groups, compared to the controls, but no significant difference between the germ cell-depleted or germ cell-containing groups. Grip test results showed no improvement in musculoskeletal endurance and no change to mild loss of grip strength with both transplant groups compared to control groups. The research presented here suggests that reproductive status has a positive influence in post-reproductive health. A portion of this influence may be germ cell independent.

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