scholarly journals Total Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Prepubertal Children with Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Rowicka ◽  
Hanna Dyląg ◽  
Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Riahi ◽  
Halina Weker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Prepubertal Children

Aims. Obesity is accompanied by the formation of oxygen free radicals, whose intensified activity without effective defense mechanisms can lead to oxidative stress and related complications. We evaluated the presence of oxidative stress in obese prepubertal children. Methods. The study included 83 healthy children aged 2–10 years (62 with obesity and 21 nonobese controls). Total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), lipid parameters, glucose, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in serum. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results. Serum TOC concentration was significantly higher (p<0.05) and TAC concentration was lower (p<0.05) in obese children. OSI was higher (p<0.01) in obese subjects compared with controls. CRP levels were normal in all children, but median CRP value was higher (p<0.01) and HDL cholesterol levels were lower (p<0.05) in the obese group. We found a significant negative correlation between TAC and ox-LDL concentrations (r=−0.27, p<0.05) in obese children. Furthermore, obesity duration was positively correlated with TOC level (r=0.32, p<0.05) in this group. Conclusions. Obesity-related oxidative stress already occurs in prepubescence. Early obesity diagnosis and the necessary therapeutic activity implementation is a vital strategy for the prophylaxis of free radical damage and related multiorgan complications.

Investigation of ischemia modified albumin and coenzyme Q10 levels in obese children with metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabahattin Muhtaroğlu ◽  
Selda Özkan Koçak ◽  
İhsan Çetin ◽  
Didem Barlak Keti ◽  
Mustafa Kendirci
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin

AbstractIntroduction:The aim of this study was to analyze serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and plasma CoQ10 levels and to evaluate their correlation with insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment, HOMA) and lipid profile in obese children with and without metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods:Thirty-one obese with MS, 30 obese without MS and 34 healthy children aged 6–18 years were included in the study. Serum IMA was measured by colorimetric method, plasma CoQ10 levels were measured by HPLC. Serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin were analyzed.Results:IMA levels were found to be significantly higher (p<0.001) while the CoQ10 levels were significantly lower (p<0.001) in obese children with and without MS compared to controls. IMA and CoQ10 significantly correlated with each other and metabolic parameters. Furthermore, IMA and CoQ10 levels did not significantly differ between obese children with and without MS, while glucose, insulin levels and HOMA were significantly higher (p<0.001) in obese children with MS than obese without MS and controls.Conclusions:Based on the high levels of IMA, low CoQ10 and association with HOMA and lipid profile; we suggest that obese children may have oxidative damage, lipid peroxidation and cardiometabolic risk.

scholarly journals Examination of Relationships Between Some Biochemical and Oxidative Stress Traits by Canonical Correlation Analysis in Broiler Chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Sıddık Keskin ◽  
Emine Berberoğlu ◽  
Şenay Sarıca
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Stress Index

Canonical correlation analysis is a multivariate method to examine the relationships between two (X and Y) sets of variables when all measurements are obtained from same broilers. Canonical correlation analysis aims to obtain new variables called as canonical variates formed by linear combinations of the original variables for each set and by maximizing the relationships between two set. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between 8 biochemical traits (Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Albumin, Triglyceride, Total Cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, Glucose, Total Protein and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)) and 4 oxidative stress traits (total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), lipid peroxide (LPO)) in broiler chickens. As a result, the correlation between the first canonical variable pair was found 0.594.

Protective Effect of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Cadmium-Induced Liver Toxicity: A Histopathological and Biochemistry Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haci Ahmet Deveci ◽  
Gokhan NUR ◽  
Abdulsamed KUKURT ◽  
Mushap KURU ◽  
Ayla DEVECI
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Sialic Acid

Abstract In this study, the changes caused by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in histopathological and biochemical parameters in oxidant / antioxidant balance in mice with experimental cadmium toxicity were investigated. In blood samples from mice, plasma paraoxonase (PON) activity, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), total sialic acid (TSA) total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC) and oxidative stress index (OSI) ) values ​​were analyzed. In this study, it was found that cadmium intoxication triggered oxidative stress in mice, lowering PON activity, TAC, HDL levels and increasing TSA, LDL, TOC, OSI levels. In the histopathological examination of the liver tissues, focal apoptotic regions, sinusoidal occlusion and irregularity were found in the cadmium group, while no significant change was found in the other groups. According to these results, it has been shown that CAPE can significantly prevent biochemical and histopathological changes due to cadmium damage.

scholarly journals Oxidative and Antioxidative Status of Children with Celiac Disease Treated with a Gluten Free-Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Rowicka ◽  
Grażyna Czaja-Bulsa ◽  
Magdalena Chełchowska ◽  
Agnieszka Riahi ◽  
Małgorzata Strucińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Group I

Aims. Oxidative stress is a factor involved in the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CD), possibly affecting the course of the disease and celiac-related complications. We assessed the intensity of oxidative processes and the efficiency of antioxidant defense in children with celiac disease. Methods. Group I (n=32) consisted of children with CD treated with a gluten-free diet, and group II (n=24) consisted of healthy children on a traditional diet. Antioxidative and oxidative status was assessed by measurement of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and on the basis of oxidative stress index (OSI).Results. There were no significant differences in serum TAC, TOC, ox-LDL, and OSI between children with CD and healthy children. Cluster analysis showed that the group of children with CD is not homogeneous in terms of serum TAC and TOC levels. About 50% of these children had TAC levels < 1.3 mmol/L and TOC levels > 0.35 mmol/L.Conclusions. Strict adherence to a gluten-free diet by children with CD seems to be important for maintaining oxidative-antioxidant balance. However, further research is needed to identify factors potentially responsible for increased oxidative stress in some children with celiac disease despite adherence to a gluten-free diet.

scholarly journals Effect of oxidative stress on major plasma carotenoid content and composition in prepubertal children with growth hormone deficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Maria S. Pankratova ◽  
Alexander I. Yusipovich ◽  
Maria V. Vorontsova ◽  
Tila T. Knyazeva ◽  
Adil A. Baizhumanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Prepubertal Children

Objective and hypotheses. This study aimed at examining the effect of oxidative stress on amount and composition of major plasma carotenoids in prepubertal children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD).Material and methods. Thirteen prepubertal treatment-naive children (2 girls, 11 boys; aged 3.5—12.0 yr, median 8.0 years; bone age 1.5—8.0 yr; median 6.0 years,) with GHD and 7 prepubertal health children (7 boys; aged 6—11 years; median 9.3 years) were included in the study. The levels and composition of carotenoids (lutein with zeaxanthin, lycopene isomers, β-cryptoxanthin, β- and α-carotene and ketocarotenoids) were measured using reverse phase HPLC. Activity of the antioxidant system was assayed via thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), ceruloplasmin (CP) levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of plasma. Total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were also measured.Results. The levels of TBARS, TC and LDL-C in the GHD children were higher than in healthy children (median 5.6 vs 3.8 µM/L, 4.00 vs 4.37 and 2.40 vs 2.70 mM/L, respectively). Total carotenoid level did not significantly differ between control and the GHD groups. However, contents of lutein and β-cryptoxanthin were significantly lower in the GHD children in comparison with control group (21.34 vs 6.97 and 25.23 vs 10.08 mg/l, respectively). In contrast, levels of lycopene, α- and β-carotene did not significantly differ in the GHD and control groups. At the same time, the level of ketocarotenoids in the GHD children increases (35.67 vs 114.9 mg/l).Conclusions. We observed that the presence of mild oxidative stress leads to a changes in carotenoid profile of GHD children.

scholarly journals HUMORAL IMMUNITY TO THE DAMAGE OF LIPID METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH RENOCARDIAC SYNDROME

2017 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
N. V. Demikhova
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Failure Group

A total of 289 patients with chronic renocardiac syndrome, 204 of them with chronic glomerulonephritis and 85 diabetic nephropathy. The worsening of the lipid metabolism, depending on the degree of chronic renal failure (CRF), I noted in the degree of CKD, manifested increased low density lipoprotein (LDL) of 1.22 times (p=0.004), triglycerides (p=0.02), atherogenicity index (p<0.0001) and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p<0.001). The coefficient of LDL / HDL ratio was greatest in patients with CRF I, which indicates the most intense pro-atherogenic processes in these patients. The biological role of education lipoprotein immune complexes (LPIC) is confirmed by us revealed a statistically significant negative correlation between the ratio and the atherogenic LDL IgG (r=- 0,3; p=0.04), and LDL atherogenic factor IgM (r=-0,46, p=0.01) in patients with chronic renal failure group 1. A statistically significant negative correlation between daily proteinuria and LDL IgG, LDL IgM (r=-0,3; p=0,005; r=-0,4; p=0.004, respectively), which suggests the assumption of our damaging effect LPIC on the renal glomerulus.

scholarly journals Plasma levels of leptin and ghrelin and their correlation with BMI, and circulating lipids and glucose in obese Tunisian women

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fethi Ben Slama ◽  
Nahawand Jridi ◽  
Mohamed Chiheb Ben Rayana ◽  
Abdelmagid Trimeche ◽  
Mohamed Hsairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Circulating Levels

AbstractBackgroundA National Survey on the Effect of Nutrition conducted in 1996−1997 showed a 14% overall prevalence of obesity in Tunisia with a female predominance. Leptin and ghrelin play crucial roles in regulating body weight and energy balance. Leptin, an anorectic hormone, and ghrelin, an orexigenic hormone, appear to interact with glucose and lipid metabolism.ObjectivesTo determine the circulating levels of ghrelin and leptin in obese Tunisian women and to investigate the correlations of these hormones with body mass index (BMI), and circulating lipids and glucose.MethodsForty obese women were recruited from patients in the “C” Unit of the National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology. Twenty normal women were recruited as controls. Plasma levels of the studied variables were measured in patients from both groups and findings were analyzed.ResultsCirculating levels of leptin were significantly higher, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and ghrelin levels were significantly lower in the obese women. In the obese women, significant positive correlations were found between circulating levels of leptin and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, BMI, and glucose; and ghrelin and HDL-cholesterol. Significant negative correlations were found between circulating levels of leptin and HDL-cholesterol and ghrelin; and ghrelin and leptin, LDL-cholesterol, BMI, and glucose. Multivariate analysis revealed that ghrelin was significantly associated with HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and blood glucose.ConclusionsThe significant negative correlation between leptin and ghrelin suggests that these two hormones may be antagonistic. Increased levels of ghrelin are correlated with decreased circulating levels of HDL-cholesterol and increased levels of LDL-cholesterol.

scholarly journals Skipping Breakfast Is Associated with an Atherogenic Lipid Profile in Overweight and Obese Prepubertal Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
A. Blasetti ◽  
S. Franchini ◽  
V. Castorani ◽  
L. Comegna ◽  
E. Fornari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

Background. Skipping breakfast has been associated with a higher risk of obesity and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. However, it is not known if skipping breakfast is also correlated with CV risk factors independently from obesity. The mechanisms explaining the role of skipping breakfast on promoting fat accumulation as well as CV risk are not known. Hormones, in particular, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), may potentially play a role in the metabolic profile of breakfast skippers. Aim. This cross-sectional study aims to test, in a sample of overweight/obese children, the hypotheses that skipping breakfast is associated with a worse metabolic profile and that IGF-1 levels are associated with this unfavorable metabolic profile. Methods and Results. We enrolled 112 overweight/obese prepubertal children (3–12 years). Anthropometric characteristics (height SDS, weight SDS, and body mass index (BMI) z-score) were measured. Blood samples were collected to evaluate glucose and lipid metabolisms and hormone profile (growth hormone (GH), IGF-1, insulin, and cortisol). The triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio was calculated as a predictor of cardiovascular risk. Children were divided into two groups according to breakfast habits: consumers (≥5 weekly; N = 76) and skippers (≤4 weekly; N = 36). Glycaemia, total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides (p<0.05), and triglycerides/HDL cholesterol ratio (p<0.001) were higher, while HDL cholesterol was lower (p<0.01) in skippers as compared to consumers. IGF-1 concentrations were inversely correlated with LDL cholesterol (r = −0.279, p=0.013) and directly correlated with HDL cholesterol (r = 0.226, p=0.047). IGF-1 correlated positively with HDL cholesterol (r = 0.266, p=0.045) in consumers and correlated negatively with LDL cholesterol (r = −0.442, p=0.024) in skippers. Breakfast consumption among prepubertal overweight/obese children showed a better lipid profile in comparison with those who skipped breakfast [OR: 0.165 (95% CI: 0.053–0.518), p=0.001]; these latter odds of the increased triglycerides/HDL cholesterol ratio was 6.1-fold higher. Conclusions. Breakfast skippers show a worse lipid profile when compared to breakfast consumers. IGF-1 might play a role as an independent modulator of lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Association of Obesity with Proteasomal Gene Polymorphisms in Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarmite Kupca ◽  
Tatjana Sjakste ◽  
Natalija Paramonova ◽  
Olga Sugoka ◽  
Irena Rinkuza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Proteasomal Genes ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Obesity

The aim of this study was to ascertain possible associations between childhood obesity, its anthropometric and clinical parameters, and three loci of proteasomal genes rs2277460 (PSMA6c.-110C>A), rs1048990 (PSMA6c.-8C>G), and rs2348071 (PSMA3c. 543+138G>A) implicated in obesity-related diseases. Obese subjects included 94 otherwise healthy children in Latvia. Loci were genotyped and then analyzed using polymerase chain reactions, with results compared to those of 191 nonobese controls.PSMA3SNP frequency differences between obese children and controls, while not reaching significance, suggested a trend. These differences, however, proved highly significant (P<0.002) in the subset of children reporting a family history of obesity. Among obese children denying such history,PSMA6c.-8C>G SNP differences, while being nonsignificant, likewise suggested a trend in comparison to the nonobese controls. NoPSMA6c.-110C>A SNP differences were detected in the obese group or its subsets. Finally,PSMA3SNP differences were significantly associated (P<0.05) with circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels. Our results clearly implicate thePSMA3gene locus as an obesity risk factor in those Latvian children with a family history of obesity. While being speculative, the clinical results are suggestive of altered circulatory LDL levels playing a possible role in the etiology of obesity in the young.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Struchium sparganophora leaves in alloxan-induced oxidative stress-mediated diabetes in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Adeosun ◽  
F. O. Asejeje ◽  
O. M. Ighodaro ◽  
B. A. Oluwole ◽  
O. A. Akinloye
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Stress Markers

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is clinically underlined by hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. In view of this, the current study assessed the glycemic and lipidemic control potentials of methanol extract of Sruchium sparganophora leaves (SPA) in the alloxan-induced diabetic model using male Wistar rats. Experimental diabetes was induced through a single intraperitoneal injection of 120 mg/kg freshly prepared alloxan. Thirty-six rats were randomly assigned into six groups of normoglycemic control, untreated diabetic group, and diabetic treated with (i) metformin (12 mg), (ii) metformin 12 mg + SPA 300 mg/kg, (iii) SPA 300 mg/kg, and (iv) SPA 600 mg/kg per os twice at 9.00 and 18.00 h daily for 10 days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and markers of dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress markers were determined. Results SPA at selected doses decreased fasting blood glucose which was significantly (p < 0.05) raised by alloxan. Increase in plasma total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) concentrations and decrease in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration (p < 0.05) caused by alloxan were significantly moderated by SPA at selected doses. Glutathione-s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities reduced by alloxan (p < 0.05) in both the liver and pancreas were reversed by SPA 300 and 600, and its combination with metformin. Decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in alloxan diabetic rats was also reversed by the extract, while the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) exacerbated by alloxan (p < 0.05) in the tissues was decreased by the extracts. Conclusion Struchium sparganophora possesses considerable antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant potentials without compromising organ functionality.

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